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RU-2861465-C1 - CONTINUOUS POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

RU2861465C1RU 2861465 C1RU2861465 C1RU 2861465C1RU-2861465-C1

Abstract

FIELD: unmanned aerial vehicles. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a continuous power supply system (CPSS) for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The system includes an unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground station. The unmanned aerial vehicle includes a storage battery (SB) and equipment distributing power to consumers. The ground station includes a charging station and a stack of replaceable batteries. At least two batteries are installed in the UAV. The continuous power supply function is implemented by alternately replacing the SBs, and the parameters of the SB, UAV and charging station are set such that by the time the energy of the SBs operating in the UAV is consumed, the last pair of SBs in the stack of the charging station is in a charged state. The power distribution in the onboard equipment of the UAV is made with the functional capability of combining supply voltages from several SBs with noise-immune uniform distribution of their consumption currents among the main consumers, with filtering of starting and switching current pulses. The onboard equipment includes voltage converters that are intended to provide consumers with stabilised supply voltages of required values. EFFECT: continuity of the autonomous mode for 24-hour mission performance of the UAV in flight mode. 10 cl, 3 dwg

Inventors

  • Paigin Denis Vladimirovich
  • Grigorev Evgenii Viktorovich
  • Klimov Aleksei Vladimirovich
  • Svetlichnyi Iurii Alekseevich

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251117

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A continuous power supply system (CPS) for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising an intelligently controlled UAV with a smart battery (AB) installed in its body and UAV on-board equipment located directly in the UAV body, configured to distribute power among UAV consumers, a ground station with a charging station included in its composition, which includes a battery stack made in the form of cells intended for installing or removing smart batteries, and which is configured to replace a discharged battery with a charged one, characterized in that the batteries are installed in the openings of the side faces of the UAV body in an amount of at least two pieces, the charging station is configured to implement the functional capability of simultaneously charging several batteries with maximum power, while the continuous power supply function is implemented due to the sequential replacement of the batteries in the ground station with the engines stopped, and the parameters of the batteries, UAV and charging station are set in such a way that by the time The energy consumption of the AB operating in the UAV is such that the outer pair of AB in the charging station stack is in a charged state, and the power distribution in the on-board equipment of the UAV is designed with the functional capability of ensuring the unification of supply voltages from several AB with a noise-immune uniform distribution of their consumption currents among the main consumers, with filtering of starting and switching current pulses, while the on-board equipment additionally includes voltage converters, which are designed to provide consumers with stabilized supply voltages of the required values.
  2. 2. The UAV SNE according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the intelligent control is performed through the function of monitoring the energy and state of the battery and is implemented in software and/or hardware as part of the flight controller, and/or the microcomputer system of the onboard equipment, and/or smart batteries.
  3. 3. The UAV ground station according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the ground station is designed as a base station or drone port, intended for the automatic replacement of batteries.
  4. 4. The UAV SNE according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the replacement of batteries in the ground station is carried out with the participation of the operator.
  5. 5. The SNE BVS according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the number of cells in the AB stack is no less than eight.
  6. 6. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) power supply system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the function of simultaneously charging several batteries with maximum power in the charging station is performed by using eight or more independent identical charging channels.
  7. 7. The UAV SNE according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the main consumers of the UAV are made in the form of engines and a microprocessor system and other on-board equipment of the UAV.
  8. 8. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the engines are made in quantities of two, or four, or six, or eight pieces.
  9. 9. The UAV power supply system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the battery control is designed with the functional capability of providing the UAV with power from one of the batteries in the event of failure of the other, or to implement the possibility of an emergency return of the UAV to the ground station, or to perform an emergency soft landing.
  10. 10. The UAV power supply system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the battery charging time and/or the battery capacity and/or the number of batteries are specified as battery parameters, the flight time and/or the energy consumed by the UAV are specified as UAV parameters, and the battery charging current is specified as a charging station parameter.

Description

Field of technology The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to systems for providing continuous power to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) using a fast, including automatic, replacement of a battery and can be used to provide power to the UAV in a continuous autonomous mode for 24-hour task execution in flight mode. State of the art An automatic drone battery replacement system is known (patent for invention KR101705838, IPC B64C 25/32, published on February 10, 2017), which implements the ability to automatically replace a battery installed in a drone on the ground, and which comprises a main unit of the drone; a battery receiving unit installed in the main unit of the drone and including a battery for providing drive power to the main unit of the drone; a control unit for controlling the flight of the main unit of the drone; and a battery replacement station installed in a position close to the flight trajectory of the main unit of the drone, for replacing the battery of the battery receiving unit. After the main unit of the drone is fixed in the landing plate of the battery replacement station, the battery replacement station supplies replacement power to the main unit of the drone while the battery is being replaced. A disadvantage of the known solution is the need to supply replacement power from the battery replacement station to the drone's main unit while the battery is being replaced, which requires the use of additional expensive equipment and is also unreliable in the event of a battery replacement station failure. A power supply device for a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (patent RU2792109, IPC B64D 33/00, published March 16, 2023) is known. It ensures uninterrupted power supply by using a battery of parallel-connected supercapacitors and a battery of series-connected flexible thermoelectric generators. The battery of series-connected flexible thermoelectric generators is located around the side surfaces of the propeller-motor group's electric motor housings. A disadvantage of this known solution is the need to install additional equipment and/or components onboard the UAV, resulting in an increased flight weight. A power distribution scheme for preventing battery wear in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) due to instantaneous high output power exceeding the rated capacity (application WO2024058566, IPC B60L 50/64, published March 21, 2024) is known. This scheme utilizes an auxiliary battery. A disadvantage of this known solution is the need to install an additional battery onboard the UAV, resulting in increased weight, which negatively impacts the UAV's flight performance. An unmanned aerial system (patent RU2816399, IPC B64C 27/08, published March 28, 2024) uses a solar panel to provide continuous power supply. A drawback of this known solution is the need to install additional equipment and/or components onboard, resulting in increased flight weight, which negatively impacts the UAV's flight performance. The closest to the claimed invention in its technical essence is a device for automatic replacement of a drone battery with sequential movement (patent for invention KR20190099553, IPC B60L 53/60, published on August 28, 2019), including a drone with a replaceable battery installed on its body, a dual transfer replacement module, a drone base unit, an intelligent drone battery station, an intelligent control unit, and an integrated battery control unit, in which the replacement of a discharged battery occurs using a dual transfer replacement module, which is connected to the charging station of the intelligent drone, and sequential movement of the drone base unit in the direction corresponding to the data of the incoming control signal from the intelligent control unit, automatic removal of the drone battery for its further charging, and automatic replacement with a charged battery. The main disadvantage of the known solution is its insufficient reliability and stability during operation due to the lack of the possibility of continuous power supply for the UAV, since there is a moment when the drone exists without a battery, and this can lead to the loss of data not stored in non-volatile memory, including when organizing data transfer with an external device due to interruption of communication, and also does not allow for the continuous operation of the UAV onboard equipment and leads to the suspension of the flight mission, which does not allow for the continuous autonomous mode for the round-the-clock execution of the UAV mission in flight mode. The essence of the invention The technical problem that the invention is aimed at solving is the creation of a continuous power supply system for a UAV, which will ensure the operation of the UAV not from one large-capacity battery, but from several simultaneously operating batteries of smaller capacity, with uniform distribution of battery currents, designed with the possibility of their hot replacement when