RU-2861525-C1 - MOBILE GRAIN AND SEED CLEANING UNIT

RU2861525C1RU 2861525 C1RU2861525 C1RU 2861525C1RU-2861525-C1

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: proposed invention relates to a mobile device for cleaning grain and seeds, namely with the ability to clean grain and prepare seeds of grain, leguminous and industrial crops. The mobile grain and seed cleaning unit comprises a vehicle, on which are placed a receiving hopper with a loading scraper conveyor, an intermediate bucket elevator, an “МВУ”-1500 secondary cleaning air-screen machine, a final bucket elevator, an “МОС-9Н” final cleaning machine. The unit is additionally equipped with a hopper with a tubular scraper conveyor and separators installed sequentially one after another between the loading scraper conveyor and the “МВУ”-1500 secondary cleaning air-screen machine, and tubular scraper conveyors placed between them: a first centrifugal-air separator, a centrifugal-screen separator operating in a pre-cleaning mode, a second centrifugal-air separator, a centrifugal-screen separator operating in a primary cleaning mode, an intermediate inclined belt conveyor placed behind the second centrifugal-screen separator and configured to unload to two or three sides. EFFECT: increasing the productivity and quality of grain cleaning. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

Lekanov Sergej Valerevich
SOROCHENKO SERGEJ FEDOROVICH
STRIKUNOV NIKOLAJ IVANOVICH

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20250519

Claims (1)

A mobile grain and seed cleaning unit comprising a vehicle on which a receiving hopper with a loading scraper conveyor, an intermediate elevator, an MVU-1500 air-screen secondary cleaning machine, a final elevator, an MOS-9N final cleaning machine are placed, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a hopper with a tubular scraper conveyor and separators installed sequentially one after the other between the loading scraper conveyor and the MVU-1500 air-screen secondary cleaning machine and tubular scraper conveyors placed between them: a first centrifugal-air separator, a centrifugal-screen separator operating in the preliminary cleaning mode, a second centrifugal-air separator, a centrifugal-screen separator operating in the primary cleaning mode, an intermediate belt inclined conveyor placed behind the second centrifugal-screen separator and designed to allow shipment to two or three sides.

Description

The present invention relates to a mobile device for cleaning grain and seeds, namely, with the ability to clean grain and prepare seeds of cereals, legumes and industrial crops. A mobile grain and seed cleaning unit is known, comprising a receiving elevator, a screen unit, an aspirator, three cylindrical indented cylinders, and transport devices (SU No. 50684, published March 31, 1937). A disadvantage of the known mobile grain and seed cleaning unit is its inability to produce high-quality seeds with the equipment installed on it, and the use of a double indented cylinder reduces the unit's productivity. A mobile grain and seed cleaning unit is known, which includes a feeding auger with a final threshing device, a scalper, an air separator, indented blocks, horizontal cylindrical sieves, a seed treater, a device for weighing and filling bags, as well as transport devices (US 4785761). The closest in technical solution and achieved result is a mobile grain and seed cleaning unit, including a receiving bin with a scraper conveyor, an intermediate elevator, a secondary cleaning machine MVU-1500, a final elevator, and a final cleaning machine MOS-9N (RU 2759788, 11/17/2021). A disadvantage of this mobile unit is the large equipment package included in its grain cleaning line. Most of this equipment is designed for stationary cleaning, where size is not a major concern and ensures high-quality grain cleaning. Centrifugal screen separators offer high productivity, while indented cylinders are the limiting element of the process line due to the low specific productivity of their cellular working surface. Installing additional indented cylinders will result in additional costs and increased metal consumption, which will increase the cost of the cleaning process. As its dimensions decrease, productivity and cleaning quality decrease. The authors have developed a range of equipment at various times that achieve the required cleaning quality with smaller dimensions (RU 2675607, RU 2753865, RU 2777102, RU 2819285). Furthermore, the prototype's shortcomings include the fact that when the unit operates in food cleaning mode rather than seed cleaning, its productivity remains low due to the insufficient performance of the seed cleaning machines incorporated into the mobile grain cleaning unit. The quality of the resulting seeds may be reduced when the mobile unit operates in seed cleaning mode due to increased levels of difficult-to-separate impurities (wild oats and tartary buckwheat), when the installed pneumatic sorting table is unable to completely separate them. The technical result consists in increasing the productivity and quality of grain cleaning with the production of highly productive seeds on a mobile grain and seed cleaning unit. The technical essence of the proposed invention consists in the selection and placement of both existing equipment and equipment previously created by the authors on a mobile unit, which makes it possible to achieve a quality of grain cleaning comparable to the quality of grain cleaning processed on a stationary technological line. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that a mobile grain and seed cleaning unit, including a receiving bin with a loading scraper conveyor, an intermediate elevator, a secondary cleaning machine MVU-1500, a final elevator, a final cleaning machine MOS-9N, additionally contains a bin with a tubular scraper conveyor and separators installed sequentially one after the other between the loading scraper conveyor and the secondary cleaning machine MVU-1500 and tubular scraper conveyors located between them: a first centrifugal-air separator, a centrifugal-sieve separator operating in the preliminary cleaning mode, a second centrifugal-air separator, a centrifugal-sieve separator operating in the primary cleaning mode, an intermediate belt inclined conveyor located behind the second centrifugal-sieve separator and designed with the possibility of unloading on two or three sides. This combination of machines into one mobile grain and seed cleaning unit is necessary to complete the technological process of seed preparation. We did not identify any technical solutions that have the distinctive features of the claimed technical solution during the patent search. Our research has shown that centrifugal air and centrifugal screen separation are well-suited for a mobile grain and seed cleaning unit. This solution is based on the most efficient use of the centrifugal force field, which intensifies the air and screen separation processes. The above mentioned features lead to an increase in the productivity of the unit during food grain cleaning when the additional equipment operates autonomously and to an improvement in the quality of the cleaned seeds. Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the mobile grain and seed cleaning unit. A mobile grain and seed cleaning unit consists of a vehicle: a main chassis on a wheelbase, and, if necessary, an additional chassis (not s