RU-2861557-C1 - ANALOGUE PATH OF MULTI-CHANNEL BROADBAND RADIO RECEIVER (VARIANTS)

RU2861557C1RU 2861557 C1RU2861557 C1RU 2861557C1RU-2861557-C1

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to multi-channel communication systems in a wide frequency range, and can be used as part of panoramic radio receivers when monitoring the radio-electronic environment and evaluating signal parameters of radio emission sources. The analogue path of a multi-channel broadband radio receiver additionally contains a reference local oscillator (23), N outputs of which are connected to third inputs of N identical preselectors (2.1÷2.N), respectively, forming N direction finding channels. The first and second power supply outputs of the reference local oscillator are connected to the first and second power supply inputs of each of the N preselectors. Each preselector has two antenna inputs - A1 and A2, ensuring operation in different operating frequency ranges. EFFECT: providing direction finding of radio emission sources in a wide operating frequency range by using two antenna inputs operating in different operating frequency ranges in each direction finding channel, as well as increasing the direction finding accuracy by ensuring constancy of the difference in complex transfer coefficients of the receiving channels. 8 cl, 7 dwg

Inventors

MARKOV IGOR ALEKSANDROVICH
Rakhmanin Dmitrii Nikolaevich
GRECHISHKIN ALEKSANDR VLADIMIROVICH
Rud Anastasiia Evgenevna
Arzamastsev Ilia Alekseevich
Slichenko Mikhail Pavlovich

Dates

Publication Date: 20260506
Application Date: 20251001

Claims (20)

1. An analog path of a multi-channel wideband radio receiver, containing N identical preselectors, the first inputs of which are connected to the first N antenna inputs, respectively, characterized in that
a reference heterodyne (RHO), the N outputs of which are connected to the third inputs of the N preselectors, respectively, while the first and second outputs of the RHO supply voltage are connected to the first and second inputs of the supply voltage of each of the N preselectors,
the reference heterodyne consists of a series-connected buffer amplifier, a phase-locked loop (PLL) block, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), a coupler, a third attenuator, and a reference heterodyne amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the coupler, N outputs of which are the corresponding outputs of the reference heterodyne, while the second output of the coupler is connected to the second input of the PLL block, the output-input of which is connected to the input-output of the microcontroller;
the control inputs of the PLL block, microcontroller, VCO and reference heterodyne amplifier are inputs for the internal control signals of the second register, which, like the third register, has external control inputs and a supply voltage input, and the third register has internal control outputs and is designed with the ability to control preselectors;
a buffer with external control inputs and outputs and a supply voltage input, designed with the possibility of using noise and interference rejection from external control;
an external voltage converter, the input of which is the external power supply input, and the outputs of which are the first and second supply voltage outputs of the reference heterodyne, intended for powering the preselectors, as well as the third and fourth supply voltage outputs for the reference heterodyne;
the reference heterodyne has external control inputs and an external supply voltage input, as well as an analog input;
the second inputs of the N preselectors are connected to the second N antenna inputs respectively;
the output of each of the N preselectors is the corresponding output of the analog path;
each of the N preselectors contains a first, second, third and fourth key, where the input of the first key is the first input of the preselector, the input of the second key is the second input of the preselector;
each of the four keys has control inputs connected to the corresponding control outputs of the first register and a supply voltage input connected to the output of the second linear voltage stabilizer (LVS), the first and second inputs of which are combined and are the second supply voltage input;
m outputs of the first switch are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first group of m filters, the m outputs of which are connected to the corresponding m inputs of the third switch, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the fourth switch, the output of which is the output of the preselector;
n outputs of the second switch are connected to the corresponding n inputs of the second filter group, the n outputs of which are connected to the corresponding n inputs of the fourth switch;
The (n+1)-th output of the second switch is connected to the (n+1)-th input of the fourth switch through the first bandpass filter, mixer and second bandpass filter connected in series;
the input of the second attenuator is the third input of the preselector;
the output of the second attenuator is connected to the input of the amplifier, the output of which is connected through the first attenuator to the second input of the mixer;
the first register has external control inputs from the reference heterodyne and internal control outputs, as well as a supply voltage input;
the output of the amplifier power switch is connected to the output of the amplifier, wherein the power switch has a supply voltage input connected to the output of the first linear voltage stabilizer, the input of which is the first supply voltage input, wherein the control inputs of the first LSN, the power switch and the mixer are connected to the corresponding control outputs of the first register.
2. An analog path according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the external voltage converter contains two parallel lines;
the first line consists of a first input power filter, a first DC/DC pulse voltage converter, and a first output power filter connected in series;

Description

The device is related to radio engineering, namely to multi-channel communication systems in a wide frequency range, and can be used as part of panoramic radio receiving devices for monitoring the electronic environment and assessing the parameters of signals from radio emission sources. One of the important tasks addressed during a number of electronic (radiotechnical) support activities is assessing the electronic situation (ES) in a given area (sector). This often requires evaluating the parameters of signals from radio emission sources (RES). For direction finding of radio waves, providing 360° azimuthal coverage, multi-channel receiving devices with several antenna inputs are used. A multi-channel broadband radio receiver is known from patent [1]. The device contains one antenna input for each active k-channel frequency-selective splitter, the signal from which is fed to a band-pass filter. The disadvantage is that it only operates in the microwave range due to the use of one antenna per channel. The devices described in the information sources [2], [3], [4] and [5] are known. The disadvantage of known devices is their single-channel nature, which leads to limitations in determining the direction to the target at any given time, the occurrence of interference when there are several targets in the measurement coverage area, and the appearance of directions in which target observation ceases. The closest analogue in technical essence to the proposed one is the adaptive antenna system for a panoramic radio receiver according to the Russian Federation patent 2679486, H01Q 3/26, adopted as a prototype. Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of the prototype device, where the following designations are introduced: 1.1÷1.N - from the first to the Nth antenna inputs (A); 2.1÷2.N - from the first to the Nth preselectors; 25.1÷25.N - from the first to the Nth beam forming units (BPFU); 26 - controller. The adaptive antenna system prototype contains N direction finding channels, providing control of the electronic environment and evaluation of the parameters of signals from radio emission sources as part of panoramic radio receiving devices. N direction finding channels consist of antenna inputs A1.1÷A1.N, connected to the inputs of preselectors 2.1 - 2.N, respectively. The output of the first preselector 2.1 is connected to the first inputs of the first through Nth direction finding channels. The output of the second preselector 2.2 is connected to the second inputs of the first through Nth direction finding channels. The output of the Nth preselector 2.N is connected to the Nth inputs of the first through Nth direction finding channels. The control outputs of beamforming units 25.1÷25.N are connected to the corresponding inputs of controller 26. The outputs of beamforming units 25.1÷25.N are the outputs of the device. The (N+1)th inputs of each beamforming unit are connected to the corresponding outputs of the external receiver. The prototype device works as follows. Signals from external antennas are received at antenna inputs A1.1÷A1.N, providing coverage of the RES in a given area. The number of antenna inputs is selected to provide 360° coverage. Next, in preselectors 2.1÷2.N, the received signals are filtered to remove unwanted interference and out-of-band signals (outside the device's operating frequency), without distorting their shape. Thus, only signals within the receiver's operating frequency range are passed through. The signal is then fed to BFDN 25.1÷25.N and, via controller 26, to the input of the external receiver. Its energy detection is performed in the external receiver, after which, upon command from the external receiver, one of the RPG units 25.1÷25.N automatically forms a narrow RPG in the direction of the signal source, and the external receiver then evaluates the signal parameters. If multiple signals are present within the preselector band 2.1÷2.N, each signal is detected, and upon command from the external receiver, other beam pattern shaping units 25.1÷25.N automatically generate narrow beam patterns in the direction of the signal sources. Controller 26 prevents the use of a single vector by multiple beam pattern shaping units 25. The disadvantages of the prototype device are: - the presence of one antenna input in the direction finding channel of the system limits the range of operating frequencies; - the lack of information on ensuring the constancy of the difference in complex transmission coefficients of any pair of receiving channels, which excludes the possibility of using non-directional antennas to determine the bearing by determining the phase difference of signals coming from different channels. The objective of the proposed technical solution is to ensure direction finding of radio emission sources in a wide range of operating frequencies, through the use of two antenna inputs operating in different ranges of operating frequencies in the direction finding channel, as well as to