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RU-2861574-C1 - METHOD FOR DETERMINING PREMATURE ACTIVATION OF AGING MECHANISM ASSOCIATED WITH INTESTINAL DYSBACTERIOSIS

RU2861574C1RU 2861574 C1RU2861574 C1RU 2861574C1RU-2861574-C1

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: red blood cell count and haemoglobin in the blood is determined. The presence of manifestations of dyspepsia of unknown origin, food intolerance without a confirmed allergen, and frequent cold-related diseases are identified throughout the year. Sequencing of the intestinal microbiota is carried out using the 16S rRNA method. If deviations in these indicators are detected, the presence of premature activation of the aging mechanism associated with intestinal dysbacteriosis is determined. EFFECT: accurately determining the aging mechanism by assessing an original set of indicators. 1 cl, 2 tbl, 2 ex

Inventors

  • KOTENKO KONSTANTIN VALENTINOVICH
  • Moskalev Aleksei Aleksandrovich
  • Reshetova Inna Viktorovna
  • Korchazhkina Natalia Borisovna
  • MIKHAILOVA ANNA ANDREEVNA
  • Badimova Anna Viacheslavovna

Dates

Publication Date
20260506
Application Date
20260302

Claims (4)

  1. A method for determining premature activation of the aging mechanism associated with intestinal dysbacteriosis, including determination of the following parameters: the level of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood, identification of the presence of manifestations of dyspepsia of unclear etiology during the year, intolerance to foods without a confirmed allergen, frequent colds, sequencing of the intestinal microbiome using the 16S rRNA method,
  2. and if iron deficiency anemia of unknown origin has been detected during the last year; if dyspepsia of unclear etiology has been present for more than 1 month; if there is intolerance to foods without a confirmed allergen; if there are frequent colds more than 5 times a year, if deviations from the norm of two or more of the above indicators are detected;
  3. and the presence of two or more microbiome disorders, such as: diversity index less than 3.0; Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio more than 10 or less than 0.4; butyrate-producing level less than 10%; number of proinflammatory strains of Proteobacteria more than 5%; level of probiotic bacteria - bifidobacteria below the reference level taking into account age; level of opportunistic bacteria - above the reference level; Proteobacteria level 20-40%; presence of pathogens: Salmonella, Shigella, C. Difficile,
  4. determine the presence of premature activation of the aging mechanism associated with intestinal dysbiosis.

Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates The invention relates to medicine, specifically to the field of healthy and active longevity, and can be used to determine the type of aging mechanism. The method involves clinical, laboratory, and objective testing of six biomarkers that indicate premature activation of the aging mechanism associated with intestinal dysbiosis. The method is accessible and informative, enabling the early detection of risks of microbiota disruption. State of the art Personalized diagnostics of aging mechanisms is becoming especially relevant in modern medicine, as aging is a key risk factor for chronic diseases and decreased quality of life. Age-associated changes in the gut microbiota are considered an independent mechanism influencing systemic inflammation, metabolism, immune function, and neurocognitive processes. With age, microbial diversity decreases, the relative representation of key taxa changes, and the functional capacity of the microbiome is impaired, including the production of short-chain fatty acids and the regulation of intestinal barrier function. These changes are associated with phenotypes of fragility, chronic inflammation, and increased susceptibility to infections (Vandeputte, D., Kathagen, G., D’hoe, K. et al. Quantitative microbiome profiling links gut community variation to microbial load. Nature 551, 507–511 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24460). Large cohort studies of older populations have shown that the microbiota of individuals with good functional status and preserved autonomy is characterized by higher diversity and a different functional profile compared to the microbiota of individuals with severe frailty. These differences affect both the taxonomic composition and the metabolic potential of microbial communities, indicating a link between microbiota not only with age per se but also with the quality of aging (Claesson, M., Jeffery, I., Conde, S. et al. Gut microbiota composition correlates with diet and health in the elderly. Nature 488, 178–184 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11319; Jackson, MA, Jeffery, IB, Beaumont, M. et al. Signatures of early frailty in the gut microbiota. Genome Med 8 , 8 (2016); Wen NN, Sun LW, Geng Q, Zheng GH. Gut microbiota changes associated with frailty in older adults: A systematic review of observational studies. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12(35): 6815-6825 https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i35.6815; Wen NN, Sun LW, Geng Q, Zheng GH. Gut microbiota changes associated with frailty in older adults: A systematic review of observational studies. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12(35): 6815-6825, DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i35.6815] Mi Young Lim, Seungpyo Hong, Jung-Ha Kim, Young-Do Nam, Association Between Gut Microbiome and Frailty in the Older Adult Population in Korea, The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Volume 76, Issue 8, August 2021, Pages 1362-1368, https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa319). The intestinal microbiota has direct practical significance for healthy longevity medicine because age simultaneously changes (1) the composition and functional potential of microbial communities, (2) intestinal barrier function and the metabolism of microbial products (including short-chain fatty acids and bile acid metabolites), and (3) the parameters of innate and adaptive immunity. These changes are statistically associated not so much with "statutory age" as with conditions that shape the clinical risk profile of the elderly: decreased reserve, polymorbidity, infectious vulnerability, and a shift in the microbiota toward less "core" configurations. Modern reviews emphasize that age-related shifts in the microbiota are multifactorial: diet, drug load (especially antibiotics), decreased physical activity and social engagement, comorbidities, and changes in gastrointestinal physiology, all of which together determine whether aging will proceed in a healthier direction or shift toward accelerated accumulation of pre-risks (Ghosh, T.S., Shanahan, F. & O’Toole, P.W. The gut microbiome as a modulator of healthy aging. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 19, 565-584 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-022-00605-x; Bosco, N., Noti, M. The aging gut microbiome and its impact on host immunity. Genes Immun 22, 289-303 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41435-021-00126-8). From the perspective of aging mechanisms, it is important that the microbiota and immunity in old age enter into a two-way loop: age-related changes in the immune system (immune senescence and chronic low-grade inflammation) alter control over the microbial community, and the microbiota, in turn, influences systemic inflammatory "settings" and the quality of the immune response through barrier and metabolic mechanisms. A review of "microb-aging" directly discusses the link between age-related dysbiosis and deterioration of immune function, as well as the limitations of the evidence (what exactly is the cause and what is the effect) and which clinical interve