RU-2861578-C1 - METHOD FOR INTRAOPERATIVE DIFFERENTIATION OF TISSUES OF THYROID-PARATHYROID COMPLEX BASED ON ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; endocrinology; surgery. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for intraoperative differentiation of tissues of the thyroid-parathyroid complex. Measuring the electrical impedance spectrum in the frequency range from 10 kHz to 1000 kHz by applying a pulsed current to the surface of the tissue under study. The obtained data is analysed in real time using a pre-trained machine learning model to determine the type of biological tissue. EFFECT: increasing the accuracy of organ identification, including in cases of ectopia, and reducing the risk of damage to healthy tissues by objectifying the analysis of spectral impedance characteristics, which allows the surgeon to quickly determine the organ affiliation of tissues directly during the intervention. 1 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex

Inventors

• Pleshkov Maksim Olegovich
• VRAZHNOV DENIS ALEKSANDROVICH
• POPOV OLEG SERGEEVICH
• Motorykin Aleksei Sergeevich
• Bashirov Sergei Rafaelevich
• TOLMACHEV IVAN VLADISLAVOVICH
• Stasevskii Viktor Igorevich
• Brazovskii Konstantin Stanislavovich
• Titov Dmitrii Sergeevich

Dates

Publication Date

20260506

Application Date

20250618

Claims (1)

1. A method for intraoperative differentiation of thyroid-parathyroid complex tissues based on electrical impedance spectroscopy, which consists of measuring the electrical impedance spectrum by applying a pulsed electric current in a wide frequency range from 10 kHz to 1000 kHz to the surface of the biological tissue being studied, followed by analysis of the measured spectrum using a pre-trained machine learning classification model and obtaining the measurement result in real time.

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to endocrine surgery, biotechnology and information technology, and can be used for intraoperative visualization of thyroid-parathyroid complex tissues in real time. The ongoing trend towards an increase in thyroid and parathyroid gland diseases increases the relevance of surgical methods and at the same time explains the high risk of developing specific and life-threatening complications. Accurate tissue type determination during parathyroid surgery is key to ensuring a successful outcome. The thyroid gland, including its parathyroid glands, has a complex anatomical structure and can be affected by various pathologies, including hyperthyroidism, cancer, and benign tumors. Incorrect tissue type identification can lead to inadequate tumor removal, disease recurrence, or serious complications. One such complication is postoperative hypoparathyroidism, which develops due to accidental removal, destruction, or disruption of the blood supply to the parathyroid glands. This emphasizes the importance of intraoperative imaging and differentiated assessment of the tissue nature in the surgical area, taking into account the inherent variability in the anatomical location of organs and surrounding tissues. A significant causative factor in the development of postoperative hypoparathyroidism is the numerous atypical locations and numbers of parathyroid glands. Visually distinguishing the thyroid and parathyroid glands can be challenging, even for experienced surgeons. The main reasons for this difficulty include the close proximity of the thyroid and parathyroid glands to each other; the small size of the parathyroid gland (3-5 mm); and individual anatomical variations in the location of the parathyroid glands. In the case of pathologies such as hyperthyroidism or malignant tumors, the tissue structure may change, further complicating the distinction. Methods based on histological analysis, such as intraoperative biopsy and express histology, have a number of disadvantages: - invasiveness; - long time (express methods require 10-30 minutes); - lack of ability to obtain results in real time. One promising area is electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)—the measurement of electrical impedance in a range of frequencies. EIS allows for the assessment of tissue properties based on their electrical characteristics. This method provides information on cellular density and structural integrity, which aids in differentiating between malignant and benign tumors. A method for differentiating thyroid and parathyroid tissue based on EIS measurements using the commercial ZedScan device is known [1]. In their work, the authors used 14 probing current frequencies in a range and a 4-electrode circuit. Wang B. et al. in their work determined the parameters of the Cole electrical conductivity model for thyroid and parathyroid tissue [2]. The cutoff frequencies are in the range of 140–600 kHz for the studied tissues. To measure the electrical impedance spectrum, an Mscan 1.0B device (Sealand Technology) was used, capable of measuring impedance in the frequency range of 3 kHz–1 MHz. The following are used: 4-electrode circuit. The closest approach to the claimed technical solution in terms of its technical essence and achievable technical result is a method for classifying biological objects based on multidimensional bioimpedance analysis and a device for implementing it [3]. A method for classifying biological tissues based on EIS measurements followed by the construction of a Cole plot is proposed. Two frequency ranges of the probing current are used to measure electrical properties, and it is possible to use N≥1 electron pairs. This method was selected as the prototype for the invention. No other adequate prototype for the proposed invention was found in the analyzed literature. Unlike the chosen prototype, the claimed method assumes: - broadband high-frequency probing of an object (more than 100 frequencies); - use of pulsed probing of an object (probing current of different frequencies is supplied simultaneously); - using a machine learning model for classification (without using the Cole model); - low cost of calculations and prediction of the class of tissue being studied (results obtained in real time). The proposed method also has the following advantages: 1) Real time: allows tissue classification during surgery; 2) Non-invasive: does not require tissue sampling; 3) Integration: can be integrated into surgical instruments; 4) Cost-effectiveness: relatively low cost compared to spectroscopy and imaging methods. The technical objective of the present invention is to provide intraoperative assistance to the operating surgeon in determining the type of tissue of the thyroid-parathyroid complex in real time. The problem is solved by measuring the electrical impedance spectrum by applying a pulsed electric current over a wide frequency range. (10-1000 kHz) to the surface of the biological tissu