RU-2861592-C1 - DEVICE FOR LOCATING CABLE DAMAGE

RU2861592C1RU 2861592 C1RU2861592 C1RU 2861592C1RU-2861592-C1

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used to locate damage on cable power and communication lines. A device for locating cable damage contains a source of radioactive radiation installed in a lead container, characterised in that the lead shutter has 3 vertical through channels dispersed along the length of the shutter and having different throughput capacities, the pull-in electromagnet contains three independent windings, and a technological hole closed with a removable cover is made in the left part of the lead cover, into which a rod is inserted with its left end, capable of moving horizontally; wherein in the lower inner part of the lead cover to the left of the vertical narrow-directional output channel of the lead cover, 4 dispersed permanent magnets are installed, and a closing reed switch is installed in the lower left part of the lead shutter. EFFECT: regulating the radiation intensity of the cable, depending on the type of soil; increasing the degree of operator safety when moving the lead container; increasing the environmental friendliness of the device. 1 cl, 5 dwg

Inventors

Kashin Iakov Mikhailovich
Shestakov Fedor Alekseevich
Arustamian Natalia Vladimirovna

Dates

Publication Date: 20260506
Application Date: 20251216

Claims (9)

A device for determining the location of a cable fault, comprising a pulse meter, a radiotelephone, a source of radioactive radiation installed in the center of a lead container in a vertical channel located along its axis of symmetry, wherein a shutter mechanism is installed in the lower part of the lead container, consisting of a lead cover, in the center of which a vertical narrow-beam output channel is made, located on the same axis with the vertical channel of the lead container, and a lead shutter installed inside the lead cover with a first vertical through channel, pressed against the lower part of the lead container by pressure springs with balls and having the ability to smoothly move along it, wherein an electromagnet is rigidly attached to the left inner side of the lead cover, containing a steel anchor rod rigidly attached to the left side of the lead shutter, and a stop is installed in the lower right part of the lead cover, wherein a control unit is fixed on the outer side of the lead container, containing a battery, a green signal lamp installed in its upper parts, and an electronic unit, wherein a signal limit microswitch is installed on the stop on the side of the lead shutter, and the shutter mechanism is controlled by a remote control with remote control buttons, characterized in that the device additionally contains a status control panel with a receiving antenna, a radiotelephone, a red signal lamp "Position 1", a red signal lamp "Position 2", a red signal lamp "Position 3" and a green signal lamp "Position 0", and the remote control is additionally equipped with a screen, a receiving and transmitting antenna and remote control buttons "Position 0", "Position 1", "Position 2", "Position 3", the control unit additionally contains a communication module, a receiving and transmitting antenna, and in its upper part a red signal lamp "Position 1", a red signal lamp "Position 2", a red signal lamp "Position 3" are additionally installed; the lead shutter is elastically connected with its right end portion to the lead cover by a return spring and has an additional second vertical passage channel filled with a weakening filling made of borosilicate glass, and a third vertical passage channel, and the first vertical passage channel is filled with a weakening filling made of ceramics, wherein the second and third vertical passage channels are offset relative to the first vertical passage channel to the right, wherein the lead shutter is designed with the possibility of smooth movement along the lead cover until the third vertical passage channel of the lead shutter is completely aligned with the vertical channel of the lead container and the vertical narrow-direction output channel of the lead cover along the axis of symmetry of the lead container, and the electromagnet, rigidly attached to the left inner side of the lead cover, is made retractor and contains three independent radiation-resistant windings - the first radiation-resistant winding "Position 1", the second radiation-resistant winding "Position 2", the third radiation-resistant winding "Position 3", and in the left part of the lead cover there is a technological opening closed by a removable cover with a shock-absorbing insert, into which a steel anchor rod is inserted with its left end with the possibility of free horizontal movement; the vertical narrow-beam output channel of the lead cover is made in its upper part with a flange that fits tightly to the lower side of the lead shutter; while in the lower inner part of the lead cover to the left of the vertical narrow-beam output channel of the lead cover there are installed the first permanent magnet "Position 0", the second permanent magnet "Position 1", the third permanent magnet "Position 2", the fourth permanent magnet "Position 3", and in the lower left part of the lead shutter a closing reed switch is installed, while the distance from the magnetic axis of the first permanent magnet "Position 0" to the magnetic axis of the second permanent magnet "Position 1" is made equal to the distance from the magnetic axis of the second permanent magnet "Position 1" to the magnetic axis of the third permanent magnet "Position 2", equal to the distance from the magnetic axis of the third permanent magnet "Position 2" to the magnetic axis of the fourth permanent magnet "Position 3", equal to the distance from the axis of symmetry of the first vertical passage channel to the axis of symmetry of the second vertical passage channel, equal to the distance from the axis of symmetry of the second vertical passage channel to the axis of symmetry of the third vertical passage channel and is determined by the formula:
(1)
Where – the distance between the magnetic axes of adjacent permanent magnets, equal to the distance between the axes of symmetry of adjacent vertical passage channels of the lead shutter, – length of the lead shutter;
and the distance from the stop to the axis of symmetry of the vertical channel of the lead container is made equal to the distance from the left edge of the lead shutter to the axis of symmetry of the third vertical passage channel and is determined by the formula:
(2)
Where - distance from the left edge of the lead shutter to the axis of symmetry of the third vertical passage channel; – length of the lead shutter, – the distance between the magnetic axes of adjacent permanent magnets, equal to the distance between the axes of symmetry of adjacent vertical passage channels of the lead shutter;
at the same time the distance from the left edge of the lead shutter to the axis of symmetry of the first vertical passage channel is determined by the formula:
(3)
Where – the distance between the magnetic axes of adjacent permanent magnets, equal to the distance between the axes of symmetry of adjacent vertical passage channels of the lead shutter; – length of the lead shutter.

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to determine the location of damage on power transmission and communication cable lines. A device is known for determining the location of a cable fault (RU Patent No. 2650081, authors Kashin Ya. M., Kirillov G. A., Varenov A. B.), containing a pulse meter, a radiotelephone, a source of radioactive radiation installed in the center of a lead container in a vertical channel located along its axis of symmetry, while in the lower part of the lead container a shutter device is installed, consisting of a lead cover, in the center of which a vertical narrow-beam output channel is made, located on the same axis with the vertical channel of the lead container, and a lead shutter installed inside the lead cover with a vertical through channel, offset relative to the axis of symmetry of the lead container to the left, pressed to the lower part of the lead container by pressure springs with balls and having the ability to smoothly move along it until the through channel of the lead shutter is completely aligned with the vertical channel of the lead container and the vertical narrow-beam The outlet channel of the lead lid is aligned with the axis of symmetry of the lead container, while the right end of the lead shutter is elastically connected to the lead lid by a spacer spring. An autonomous control unit consisting of a time relay, a time relay on/off button, and a battery is secured to the left outer side of the lead container. An ejector electromagnet is rigidly attached to the left inner side of the lead lid. The electromagnet consists of a radiation-resistant winding connected to the output of the time relay and a steel anchor rod rigidly attached to the left side of the lead shutter. A stop is installed in the lower right part of the lead lid, the distance from which to the axis of symmetry of the vertical channel of the lead container is equal to the distance from the axis of symmetry of the vertical passage channel to the right edge of the lead shutter. The disadvantages of this device are: 1. The possibility of a weak impact of γ-radiation through the earth layer on the damaged cable due to incomplete passage of γ-radiation from the radioactive source through the lead shutter feedthrough channel, the vertical channel of the lead container and the vertical narrow-beam output channel, caused by the possibility of their incomplete alignment and the lack of information on the complete alignment of these channels by the operator moving the lead container with the radioactive source along the route in the cable damage zone. 2. Insufficient provision for the safe operation of the operator moving the lead container with the irradiated source along the route in the cable damage zone, due to the lack of information about the opening of the lead shutter (the alignment of the vertical feedthrough channel of the lead shutter with the vertical channel of the lead container and the vertical narrow-beam outlet channel), which can lead to operator exposure from the irradiated source when three channels are aligned, when the γ-radiation flow is dissipated in the surrounding space, which has a negative impact both on the operator's body and on people nearby. The closest to the claimed invention in its technical essence and adopted by the authors as a prototype is a device for determining the location of cable damage (RU Patent No. 2698940, authors Kashin Ya. M., Kirillov G. A., Sharshak A. A.), containing a pulse meter, a radiotelephone, a source of radioactive radiation installed in the center of a lead container in a vertical channel located along its axis of symmetry, while in the lower part of the lead container a shutter mechanism is installed, consisting of a lead cover, in the center of which a vertical narrow-beam output channel is made, located on the same axis with the vertical channel of the lead container and a lead shutter installed inside the lead cover with a vertical passage channel, shifted to the left relative to the axis of symmetry of the lead container, pressed to the lower part of the lead container by pressure springs with balls and having the ability to smoothly move along it until the vertical passage channel of the lead is completely aligned a shutter with a vertical channel of a lead container and a vertical narrow-direction outlet channel of a lead lid along the axis of symmetry of the lead container, wherein the lead shutter is elastically connected with the lead lid by its right end part with a spacer spring, an ejector electromagnet consisting of a radiation-resistant winding and a steel anchor rod rigidly attached to the left side of the lead shutter is rigidly attached to the left inner side of the lead lid, and a stop is installed in the lower right part of the lead lid, the distance from which to the axis of symmetry of the vertical channel of the lead container is made equal to the distance from the axis of symmetry of the vertic