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RU-2861600-C1 - SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING AIR TEMPERATURE IN UNHEATED TECHNICAL UNDERGROUND WHEN USING FIRST FLOOR UNDERFLOOR HEATING

RU2861600C1RU 2861600 C1RU2861600 C1RU 2861600C1RU-2861600-C1

Abstract

FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of building thermal physics and engineering equipment of buildings, namely to methods for analysing the thermal regime of building envelopes and underground parts of buildings when using floor heating systems of the "underfloor heating" type. The system is a set of software and hardware tools, including a digital computing device with data input and output devices, a long-term data storage device with a database (DB) containing reference data on building materials, their characteristics, reference data on ambient and ground temperatures for different geographical regions, calculated data on calculated objects, and a software suite consisting of calculation modules. The proposed system implements a method based on the heat balance Q 1 = Q 2 , where Q 1 is heat loss through the walls and floor of the technical underground into the ground and the external environment, Q 2 is the heat flux coming from the "underfloor heating" system in the technical underground through the floor. EFFECT: determining the real air temperature in an unheated technical underground of a building during operation of the "underfloor heating" system on the first floor slab, improving energy saving. 7 cl, 5 dwg, 2 tbl

Inventors

  • Nizovtsev Mikhail Ivanovich
  • Sterliagov Aleksei Nikolaevich

Dates

Publication Date
20260506
Application Date
20251217

Claims (19)

  1. 1. A system for determining the air temperature in an unheated technical underground when using underfloor heating on the first floor, which is a combination of software and hardware, including a digital computing device with data input and output devices, a long-term data storage device with a database containing reference data on building materials, their characteristics, ambient air and soil temperatures for different geographic regions and seasons, recommended air temperatures in the rooms of the first floor, as well as identification and calculation data for the calculated objects, and a software package including:
  2. The first module provides the user with a web interface that allows input of initial data, including:
  3. - the geographic region where the building with the technical underground to be calculated is located, and the season;
  4. - geometric parameters of the enclosing structures of the technical underground;
  5. - materials for enclosing structures of technical underground spaces;
  6. - the capacity of the installed underfloor heating system;
  7. - range of calculated temperatures in the technical underground;
  8. - interval of change of the calculated temperature Δt in2 ;
  9. second module calculation heat loss Q 1 through the walls and floor of the technical underground into the ground and the external environment, designed with the ability to select and launch a software package for 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional calculations of building structures;
  10. third module calculation of heat flow Q 2 from the underfloor heating system to the technical underground, as Q 2 = q 2 S per , Where S per - the surface area of the ceiling above the technical underground, q 2 - the density of heat flow through the layer of floor materials below the plane of heat release, which is calculated as
  11. ,
  12. where q is the total density of the heat flow from the underfloor heating system, α is the heat transfer coefficient of the floor surface, t in1 is the air temperature in the room on the 1st floor, t in2 is the air temperature in the technical underground, R 1 is the thermal resistance of the floor materials above the plane of heat emission, R 2 is the thermal resistance of the floor below the plane of heat emission;
  13. the fourth module for determining the actual air temperature in an unheated technical underground t B2 from the condition of heat balance Q 2 = Q 1 with the output of the result to the data output device, while the second module and the third module are designed in such a way that, having received the initial data from the first module, simultaneously and independently of each other in several iterations for different values of air temperature in the technical underground t V 2 (i) from the initially specified temperature range, Where i = 1÷ n , taking into account the specified temperature change interval Δt B2 , perform calculations to obtain matrices of Q values 1 = [[ t B2 (i )], [Q 1 ( t B2 (i ))]] and Q 2 = [[ t B2 (i )], [Q 2 ( t B2 (i ))]] and transmit them to the fourth module, where the dependencies of Q 2 ( t B2 ) and Q 1 ( t B2 ) are presented in the form of graphs, and the desired air temperature in the unheated underground space is determined as the intersection point of the graphs of these dependencies Q 2 ( t B2 ) and Q 1 ( t B2 ).
  14. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first module is configured to load data from data storage devices selected from the group: hard drives, solid-state drives, RAID arrays, or cloud data storage.
  15. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first module is designed with the possibility of entering initial data manually using data input devices.
  16. 4. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the second module is designed with the possibility of using the “THERM” program.
  17. 5. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a monitor or printer is used as a data output device.
  18. 6. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the calculations are performed for a liquid heating system “warm floor”.
  19. 7. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the calculations are performed for an electric “warm floor” heating system.

Description

The invention relates to the field of building thermal physics and engineering equipment of buildings, namely to methods of analyzing the thermal regime of enclosing structures and underground parts of buildings when using underfloor heating systems of the "warm floor" type. The system can be used in the design and operation of residential and public buildings with unheated technical basements, equipped with underfloor heating on the first floor. Underfloor heating systems, such as "warm floors," have become widespread in low-rise and multi-apartment buildings. Literature and regulations provide detailed discussions of: - design solutions for floor systems and their options (water, electric, combined) [ Barabash E.S. Water-heated floor as an independent heating system in private residential buildings // Current research. 2024. No. 19 (201). P. 63-66. Majidov N.N., Atamov A.A., Kosimov T.O. Underfloor heating (hot floor) // Academic journalism. 2021. No. 4. P. 109-115. Egorov F.D., Nikitin M.N. Analysis and comparison of various combinations of heating systems based on experimental data // Bulletin of science. 2024. Vol. 4. No. 5 (74). P. 1732-1741.]; - features of the air temperature field in rooms with underfloor heating and radiator systems [ Landyrev S.S. Temperature distribution in rooms of different heights with a radiator heating system in different regions of the Russian Federation // News of universities. Construction. 2022. No. 2. pp. 16-30. Bearzi V. Warm floors. Theory and practice// AVOK., No. 7, pp. 70-82, 2005.]; - restrictions on floor surface temperature (usually not higher than 26 °C) in accordance with SP 60.13330 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”; - approaches to the selection of thermal insulation in enclosing structures and the calculation of heat transfer resistance according to SP 50.13330 “Thermal protection of buildings”; - recommendations for the design of water-based underfloor heating systems (NP "AVOK" 4.4-2013) [SP 60.13330.2020 "SNiP 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"]. In known methods: - the required specific thermal power of the “warm floor” system is calculated to ensure the standard air temperature in the premises; - the design of the floor and insulation is selected based on the requirements for energy saving and floor surface temperature; - a thermal engineering calculation of enclosing structures is performed for given conditions (temperature of interior spaces, outside air, soil). However, if there is an unheated technical underground space under the first floor, an additional heat transfer circuit arises: - part of the heat flow from the underfloor heating system is directed downwards through the ceiling into the technical underground; - the temperature of the air and enclosing structures of the technical underground increases, the heat exchange of the foundations and floor with the surrounding soil changes; - when using insulation under a heated floor, the task arises of optimizing its thickness in terms of energy saving and the required temperature regime in the technical underground. In well-known thermal engineering calculations based on SP and reference data [Blanusa P. et al. Comparison between ASHRAE and ISO thermal transmittance calculation methods // Energy and buildings, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 374-384, 2007. Faist V., Elokhov. A.E. Basic provisions for the design of passive houses // Moscow: Publishing house of the Association of construction universities, 2008. 144 p. SP 131.13330.2020 "SNiP 23-01-99* Construction climatology". GOST 30494-2011 "Residential and public buildings. Microclimate parameters in premises". SP 20.13330.2016 "Loads and impacts"], the air temperature in an unheated basement is usually: - is set according to general standard values or estimated assumptions (for example, a fixed temperature several degrees higher than the soil temperature or lower than the room temperature); - is taken based on the results of simplified one-dimensional calculations without taking into account the actual share of heat flow from the underfloor heating system going underground. In this case: - there is no formalized engineering methodology linking the heat influx into the technical underground from the ceiling with a “warm floor” and heat loss from the technical underground into the ground and outside air; - there is no generally accepted procedure for determining the air temperature in an unheated technical underground based on the condition of complete heat balance; - no analytical breakdown of the total specific power of the underfloor heating system into components directed upwards into the ground floor and downwards into the technical underground is used, taking into account the actual layered structure of the floor. This leads to the fact that design decisions regarding the thickness of the insulation and the assessment of the technical underground conditions may be excessively conservative or, conversely, insufficiently en