RU-2861607-C1 - MICROWAVE FREQUENCY RECEIVER MODULE

RU2861607C1RU 2861607 C1RU2861607 C1RU 2861607C1RU-2861607-C1

Abstract

FIELD: radioelectronic devices. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the design of microwave frequency receiver modules. The essence is a microwave frequency receiver module comprising a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with a built-in analogue-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analogue converter unit, a ferrite circulator with a matched load, a first directional coupler with a matched load, a second directional coupler, first, second and third protection devices with attenuators, first and second low-noise amplifiers, a stepped phase shifter, a stepped attenuator, first and second matching amplifiers, first and second microwave switches, each having a matched load, a detector diode, and a power supply modulator. The FPGA contains seven inputs and seven outputs. The input of the receiver module is connected to the input of the ferrite circulator, to the second arm of which the first directional coupler is connected. The second output of the first directional coupler is connected to the input of the first protection device with attenuator. The output of the first protection device with attenuator is connected to the input of the first low-noise amplifier. The output of the first low-noise amplifier is connected to the input of the second low-noise amplifier. The output of the second low-noise amplifier is connected to the input of the stepped phase shifter. The output of the stepped phase shifter, through the first matching amplifier, is connected to the input of the stepped attenuator. The output of the stepped attenuator, through the second matching amplifier, is connected to the input of the second directional coupler. The input of the second protection device with attenuator is connected to the second arm of the second directional coupler. The output of the second protection device with attenuator is the output of the receiver module. The detector diode is connected to the fourth arm of the second directional coupler, and is connected to the input of the analogue-to-digital converter. The input of the third protection device with attenuator is connected to the third output of the second directional coupler. The output of the third protection device with attenuator is connected to the input of the first microwave switch. The output of the first microwave switch is connected to the input of the second microwave switch. The output of the second microwave switch is connected to the third output of the first directional coupler. The first, second and third outputs of the FPGA are intended for controlling the first, second and third protection devices with attenuators, respectively. The fourth output of the FPGA is intended for controlling the stepped attenuator. The fifth output of the FPGA is intended for controlling the stepped phase shifter. The seventh output of the FPGA is intended for controlling the first and second microwave switches. The output of the analogue-to-digital converter is connected to the sixth output of the FPGA, which is the output of the positive feedback control signal. The first output of the power supply modulator is connected to the inputs of the first and second microwave switches, and the second output of the power supply modulator is connected to the inputs of the first and second low-noise amplifiers, the stepped phase shifter, the first and second matching amplifiers, and the stepped attenuator. EFFECT: increased accuracy of determining angular coordinates and position of a target in space as a whole without reducing the reliability of the system. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

Karasev Maksim Sergeevich
Shchegolev Sergej Andreevich
Adiatulin Andrej Vladislavovich

Dates

Publication Date: 20260506
Application Date: 20250820

Claims (1)

A microwave receiving module comprising a programmable logic integrated circuit (FPGA) with a built-in analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter unit, a ferrite isolator with a matched load, a first directional coupler with a matched load, a second directional coupler, first, second and third protective devices with attenuators, first and second low-noise amplifiers, a stepped phase shifter, a stepped attenuator, first and second matching amplifiers, first and second microwave switches, each of which has a matched load, a detector diode and a power modulator, wherein the FPGA contains seven inputs and seven outputs, the input of the receiving module is connected to the input of the ferrite isolator, to the second arm of which the first directional coupler is connected, the second output of the first directional coupler is connected to the input of the first protective device with an attenuator, the output of the first protective device with is connected to the input of the first low-noise amplifier by an attenuator, the output of the first low-noise amplifier is connected to the input of the second low-noise amplifier, the output of the second low-noise amplifier is connected to the input of the step phase shifter, the output of the step phase shifter is connected through the first matching amplifier to the input of the step attenuator, the output of the step attenuator is connected through the second matching amplifier to the input of the second directional coupler, to the second arm of which the input of the second protective device with an attenuator is connected, the output of the second protective device with an attenuator is the output of the receiving module, a detector diode connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the fourth arm of the second directional coupler, the input of the third protective device with an attenuator is connected to the third output of the second directional coupler, the output of the first microwave switch is connected to the input of the second microwave switch, the output of the second microwave switch is connected to the third output of the first directional coupler, the first, second and third outputs of the FPGA are intended to control the first, second and third protective devices with attenuators, respectively, the fourth output of the FPGA is intended to control the step attenuator, the fifth output of the FPGA is intended to control the step phase shifter, the seventh output of the FPGA is intended to control the first and second microwave switches, the output of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the sixth output of the FPGA, which is the output of the positive feedback control signal, the first output of the power modulator is connected to the inputs of the first and second microwave switches, and the second output of the power modulator is connected to the inputs of the first and second low-noise amplifiers, the step phase shifter, the first and second matching amplifiers and the step attenuator.

Description

The invention relates to radio-electronic devices, namely to the design of microwave frequency range receiving modules. A linear input module of a broadband microwave receiver with an extended dynamic range is known [RU Patent No. 2715406, H03B 1/00]. The linear input module of a broadband microwave receiver with an extended dynamic range comprises a power and control board and a microwave section, located in a housing, including a 1x2 microwave switch, to the input of which the input microwave signal is fed, a first amplification stage, the input of which is connected to the second output of the 1x2 microwave switch, a 2x1 microwave switch, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first amplification stage. The first output of the 1x2 microwave switch is directly connected to the second input of the 2x1 microwave switch, and the output of the 2x1 microwave switch is connected to the input of the second gain stage via a controlled microwave attenuator. The input of the controlled microwave attenuator is connected to the output of the 2x1 microwave switch, and the output of the controlled microwave attenuator is connected to the input of the second gain stage. The module provides smooth adjustment of the signal transmission coefficient over a wide frequency range. The disadvantages of this technical solution are: – the inability to determine and further reduce the output power level of the receiving channel, which makes it possible to prevent high power levels from penetrating into the radar equipment signal processing receiver; – the lack of the ability to evaluate the gain of the receiving channel, which would allow for calibration and adjustment of the microwave path to the required operating modes of the radar equipment. A transmitting-receiving module of an active phased antenna array for the microwave frequency range is known [RU Patent No. 2832505, H01Q 21/00]. The module's receiving channel, adopted as a prototype, includes a circulator, an analog-to-digital converter, a programmable logic integrated circuit, a phase shifter and attenuator, a directional coupler with a matched load and a detector diode, a protection device, a low-noise amplifier, a matching amplifier, and a microwave switch. The analog-to-digital converter is integrated into the programmable logic integrated circuit. The module improves the accuracy of determining target angular coordinates while scanning the surrounding space. The disadvantages of this technical solution are: – the absence of a protective device with an attenuator at the output of the receiving channel module, which prevents the entry of parasitic signals caused by self-excitation of the microwave path when checking the gain; – the absence in the electrical circuit that creates the necessary conditions for self-excitation of the microwave path of a protective device that allows limiting the increase in the microwave signal when self-excitation occurs and thereby protecting the microwave elements of the receiving channel of the module from failure. The technical result consists in increasing the accuracy of determining the angular coordinates and position of the target in space as a whole without reducing the reliability of the system. The technical result is achieved in that the microwave frequency range receiving module includes an analog-to-digital converter built into a programmable logic integrated circuit, a phase shifter and attenuator, a directional coupler, a protective device, a low-noise amplifier, a matching amplifier and a microwave switch. The programmable logic integrated circuit (PLIC) comprises seven inputs and seven data outputs, a digital to analog converter block, the input of the receiving module is connected to the input of a ferrite isolator with a matched load, the output of which is connected through the first directional coupler with a matched load to the input of the first protective device with an attenuator, the output of which is connected to the input of a low-noise amplifier, connected in series to the second low-noise amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of a stepped phase shifter connected through a matching amplifier with a stepped attenuator, the output of which is connected to the input of the second protective device with an attenuator through a matching amplifier and a second directional coupler with a detector diode connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter, the output of the second protective device with an attenuator is connected to the output of the receiving module, and the second input is connected to the second output of the PLIC, wherein the third output of the second directional coupler is connected to the input of the third a protective device with an attenuator, the output of which is connected to the input of a microwave switch connected in series with a second microwave switch, the output of which is connected to the third output of the first directional coupler,