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RU-2861674-C1 - DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DRILLING BY DISPLACING SOIL INTO BOREHOLE WALL

RU2861674C1RU 2861674 C1RU2861674 C1RU 2861674C1RU-2861674-C1

Abstract

FIELD: soil drilling. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of drilling soil to a given depth with its displacement and periodic extraction of soil samples. A device for drilling by displacing soil into the borehole wall comprises a drill rod connected in its lower part by a threaded connection to a core barrel, which in the lower part is connected by a threaded connection to a drill head having cutters on the end part and blades in the form of plates on the side part. The core barrel sequentially from top to bottom comprises an upper transport section with an external screw spiral, a conical upper displacing section with a continuation of the screw spiral and made with an expansion towards the drill head, a forming section made in the form of a hollow cylinder, a lower displacing section made with a conical expansion upwards with an external screw spiral, also located on a cylindrical lower transport section installed below. The inner part of the device structure sequentially from bottom to top contains a drill head body with a longitudinal hole, a bearing on which a centering device is mounted, a core receiving device containing an inner tube, a core retaining device connected to the inner tube by a threaded connection, and a suspension assembly. The outer diameter of the screw spiral of the lower transport section and the outer diameter of the screw spiral of the upper transport section correspond to the outer diameter of the forming section. The suspension assembly includes a cable lock, a gripping device, a stop mechanism for the core receiving device inside the core barrel, bearings and a sub connector connected by a threaded connection to the inner tube of the core receiving device. EFFECT: development of boreholes with reduced deformation of the surrounding soil mass in dispersed soils having high resistance to indentation of drilled rock, including with interlayers of rock, sampling of soil along the entire length of the borehole and extraction of the entire drilling tool upon completion of drilling the borehole. 4 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

  • KOMAROV ALEKSANDR SERGEEVICH

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20250708

Claims (4)

  1. 1. A device for drilling by displacing soil into the wall of a borehole, characterized in that it contains a drill rod connected at its lower part by a threaded connection to a core barrel, which in its lower part is connected by a threaded connection to a drill head having cutters on the end part, and blades in the form of plates on the side part, the core barrel sequentially from top to bottom contains an upper transport section with an external helical spiral, a conical upper displacing section with a continuation of the helical spiral and made by expanding towards the location of the drill head, a forming section made in the form of a hollow cylinder, a lower displacing section made by a conical expansion upwards with an external helical spiral, also located on the cylindrical lower transport section installed below, the internal part of the structure of the device sequentially from bottom to top contains a drill head body with a longitudinal hole, a bearing on which a centering device is installed, a core receiving device containing an inner pipe, a core-holding device connected to the inner pipe by a threaded connection, and a suspension unit, wherein the outer diameter of the screw spiral of the lower transport section and the outer diameter of the screw spiral of the upper transport section correspond to the outer diameter of the forming section, the suspension unit includes a cable lock, a gripping device, a mechanism for stopping the core-receiving device inside the core pipe, bearings and a sub connected by a threaded connection to the inner pipe of the core-receiving device.
  2. 2. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in the inner pipe of the core receiving device, a liner in the form of a thin-walled pipe is installed on a thrust ring connected to the inner pipe of the core receiving device.
  3. 3. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a centralizer is installed inside the core barrel to center the inner tube of the core receiving device.
  4. 4. A method of drilling by displacing soil into the borehole wall using a drilling device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it includes installing a drill head connected to a rotary unit of the drilling device on the soil, transmitting torque from the rotary unit of the drilling rig to the core barrel in a direction that allows lifting the drilled soil along the outer helical spiral of the lower transport section and the lower displacing section with pressing it into the borehole wall by the displacing section and forming the borehole wall by the forming section of the core barrel with the core formed by the drill head entering the core receiver until it is filled, after which the rotation of the drilling device is stopped, the core receiver is removed to the surface using a winch and a suspension unit, releasing the core receiver stop mechanism by exiting the annular groove of the core barrel and closing the opening of the core receiver by bending the petals core holding device, remove the core and lower the core receiving device back, after which the drilling operations are repeated to the specified well depth.

Description

Field of technology The invention relates to the mining, mining construction and construction industries, namely to solutions for drilling soil to a given depth with its displacement and periodic extraction of soil samples, including by raising a core-receiving device to the surface. State of the art A method of drilling by soil displacement with a retained or non-returnable displacement head is known, presented in patent document RU 2292437, which consists of introducing a displacement head, detachably fixed to the lower end of a drill rod, into the soil to a predetermined depth with the displacement of soil material from the bottom of the borehole by the displacement head, after which the drill rod is disconnected from the displacement head and removed from the soil. The disadvantages of the known solution are: the problem is the lack of the ability to take soil samples from a well, which may be required for engineering and geological surveys, soil assessment during geological and construction work, including foundation construction; When drilling a well, it is necessary to leave a displacing head at the bottom, which leads to increased consumption of materials; The drilled soil is displaced from the continuous borehole face. Displacing a large volume of soil results in excess soil pressure in the displacement zone, which leads to soil displacement and uplift in the borehole area. This means that nearby foundations and underground structures may be subject to deformation; Displacing a large volume of drilled soil requires the transmission of high torque to the face, which entails increased energy costs and high strength requirements for the drilling tool and drilling rig that transmits rotational energy. Also known from Russian patent No. 2315165 is a METHOD FOR DRILLING ROCKS AND A DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME, where the device for drilling rocks comprises a core barrel with a core breaking ring and a rock-destroying tool mounted thereon, fixed on a drill string using an adapter, wherein the internal space of the core barrel is filled with carbon dioxide in a solid state, and a ribbon spiral is wound on the outer surfaces of the core barrel, the body of the rock-destroying tool and the adapter, which is made blind, and the method for drilling rocks consists in drilling with an annular face by rotating the rock-destroying tool with its cooling and cleaning the face from sludge with a gas flow, wherein the rock-destroying tool is cooled with carbon dioxide in a solid state (dry ice), and cleaning the face is carried out with evaporating carbon dioxide through the annulus. The disadvantages of this solution are: the need to use carbon dioxide to clean the bottom of the well limits the drilling run due to the presence of carbon dioxide in the internal space of the core barrel and requires periodic removal of the drilling tool to the surface to fill the internal space of the core barrel with carbon dioxide; the use of carbon dioxide requires additional time and material costs for its acquisition, transportation, and storage; The evaporation of solid carbon dioxide leads to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which negatively affects the environmental situation. Disclosure of invention The technical problem that the claimed invention is aimed at solving is the creation of a method and device for drilling by displacing soil into the borehole wall with the possibility of collecting soil samples, with the help of which boreholes can be developed with a reduction in the deformation of the surrounding soil massif in dispersed soils that have a high resistance to the indentation of drilled rock, including those with layers of rocky soils, and with the extraction of all drilling tools upon completion of drilling the borehole. The technical result of the claimed solution consists in the creation of a method and device for drilling by displacing soil into the borehole wall with the possibility of collecting soil samples along the entire length of the borehole, with the help of which it is possible to develop boreholes with a reduction in the deformation of the surrounding soil mass in dispersed soils that have a high resistance to the indentation of drilled rock, including those with interlayers of rocky soils, and with the extraction of all drilling tools upon completion of drilling the borehole. The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved in that a device for drilling by displacing soil into the borehole wall is proposed, comprising a drill rod connected in its lower part by a threaded connection to a core barrel, which in its lower part is connected by a threaded connection to a drill head having cutters on the end part, and on the side part of the blade in the form of plates, the core barrel sequentially from top to bottom contains an upper transport section with an external helical spiral, a conical upper displacing section with a continuation of the helical spiral and made by expand