RU-2861697-C2 - METHOD FOR CONVERTING ENERGY

Abstract

FIELD: heat engines. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in the creation of piston internal combustion engines for transport and stationary applications. The essence of the invention consists in that the engine uses the following sequence in the construction of thermodynamic processes - a cycle, as a method of energy conversion: two-stage adiabatic air compression, which in the interval between the two cylinders allows, in a regenerator, internal heat exchange between the initial section of the isobaric heat rejection process to a low-temperature source and the working fluid compressed in the first cylinder, i.e., isobarically preheating the air in the regenerator using the heat obtained from the combustion products after adiabatic expansion to ambient pressure and their cooling in the isobaric heat rejection process. EFFECT: improving the organisation of the working cycle, as a method of converting the initial energy of organic fuel into mechanical energy, in order to increase the thermal and effective efficiency of the engine and the power plant, respectively. 1 cl, 5 dwg, 2 tbl

Inventors

• Demidchenko Ivan Vladimirovich
• DEMIDCHENKO VLADIMIR IVANOVICH
• Maslyaeva Galina Nikolaevna

Dates

Publication Date

20260507

Application Date

20240730

Claims (1)

1. A method for converting the energy of the combustion products of organic fuel into mechanical energy in a piston internal combustion engine with isobaric supply and isobaric removal of heat, characterized in that in the engine, for the purpose of increasing the thermal efficiency of the cycle, the following sequence of thermodynamic processes is used in the construction of the cycle as a method of converting energy: two-stage adiabatic compression of the working fluid in two cylinders with recuperative isobaric heating of the working fluid in a regenerator located between the cylinders; isobaric supply of heat to the working fluid during combustion of fuel in the second cylinder; adiabatic expansion of the combustion products to the ambient pressure - the power stroke; isobaric heating of the working fluid in the regenerator due to the heat of the combustion products; removal of the heat of the combustion products to the environment.

Description

The invention relates to heat engines and can be used in the creation of piston and gas turbine internal combustion engines for transport and stationary purposes. A piston internal combustion engine with isobaric heat removal and, consequently, complete expansion of combustion products, and isobaric heat supply is known [Demidchenko V.V., Demidchenko V.I., Maslyaeva G.N. et al. Patent for invention No. 2735973 "Four-stroke piston internal combustion engine with isobaric heat supply and removal". Federal Service for Intellectual Property, 2020. - 13 p.], which contains four or more cylinders with pistons and is characterized by isobaric heat removal to a low-temperature source due to the sequence of operation of the exhaust valves, which is carried out by the valve timing shaft at the corresponding position of the piston at one of three characteristic points along the length of the cylinder. The disadvantage of such an engine is that obtaining the required temperature of the working fluid at the end of the compression stroke is accompanied by an excessive increase in the degree of pressure increase, which inevitably leads to an increase in the load on the engine components, mechanical and thermal losses and, consequently, to a decrease in the effective efficiency of the power plant. A four-stroke piston diesel internal combustion engine of a two-cylinder design is known [Demidchenko I.V., Demidchenko V.I., Maslyaeva G.N. Patent for invention No. 2800787 "Piston engine of a two-cylinder design". Date of state registration in the State Register of Inventions of the Russian Federation July 28, 2013 - 4 s]. The invention sets out a description of the engine design and its functioning in the interaction of component elements during the movement of the working fluid: air and combustion products. The movement of air during filling the cylinders of preliminary and main air compression with the subsequent release of combustion products from the main cylinder into the regenerator is regulated by a system of intake and exhaust valves. In this case, both cylinders are made with the same piston stroke length and different volumes, and fuel is injected into the main cylinder through an injector, followed by combustion of the fuel. The invention does not contain any claim by the authors to recognize the method of converting the initial energy of organic fuel into mechanical energy mentioned in the invention (patent RU 2800787 C1). The objective of the invention is to construct, in a certain sequence, the processes occurring in a piston internal combustion engine, with the aim of increasing the thermal efficiency of the cycle, as a method of converting part of the thermochemical energy of the fuel into the mechanical energy of the engine. Technical result: improving the organization of the working cycle as a method of converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, which is manifested in adiabatic two-stage compression and two-stage isobaric heat supply. and reducing heat by the amount released at constant pressure into the environment, due to preliminary heating (regeneration) of the working fluid compressed in the first cylinder by the exhaust gases; increasing the thermal efficiency of the engine; reducing the noise level from the operation of a piston internal combustion engine with isobaric heat removal; reducing the emission of harmful substances with the exhaust gases. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, called [Demidchenko V.I. "Scheme of a positive displacement compression and expansion engine and efficiency analysis". Modern technologies are a key link in the revival of domestic aircraft manufacturing: Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference. Vol. 1. Kazan, August 12-13, 2008. Kazan: Kazan Publishing House, State Technical Institute, 2008, 436 p., pp. 372-279] the Demidchenko cycle, the following sequence of thermodynamic processes is used: two-stage adiabatic compression of air in two cylinders with recuperative isobaric heating of the working fluid in a regenerator located between the cylinders; isobaric heat supply to the working fluid during fuel combustion in the second cylinder; adiabatic expansion of combustion products to ambient pressure - the working stroke; isobaric heating of the working fluid in the regenerator due to the heat of combustion products; removal of heat from combustion products into the environment. In Fig. 1 and 2, respectively, on diagrams with coordinates An internally reversible ideal thermodynamic energy conversion cycle with step compression and regenerative heating and isobaric heat removal to a low-temperature source at atmospheric pressure is shown in Fig. 1 and 2; Fig. 3 is shown on a diagram with coordinates comparison of cycles for the purpose of analyzing their thermodynamic efficiency: Demidchenko cycle 123456781, Diesel cycle , Brayton cycle 19571; Fig. 4 shows th