RU-2861710-C1 - WOODEN BEAM FOR ERECTING WALLS

RU2861710C1RU 2861710 C1RU2861710 C1RU 2861710C1RU-2861710-C1

Abstract

FIELD: construction; woodworking. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to structures of profiled wooden beams. A wooden beam for erecting walls is provided with protrusions and grooves on its horizontal and end surfaces. On the upper and lower horizontal surfaces in the longitudinal direction it has the same profile, consisting of a support protrusion in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, an installation groove identical to it, half of the support protrusion, and half of the installation groove, wherein half of the support protrusion adjoins one side surface of the beam, and half of the installation groove adjoins the other, opposite, side. A similar profile is also made on both end surfaces of the beam along its vertical axis, wherein the installation groove and half of the installation groove on one end are located opposite the support protrusion and half of the support protrusion on the other end of the beam. EFFECT: improved quality of manufacturing a wooden beam for erecting walls, reduced labour intensity of its manufacture and during assembly of wall structures, increased strength of the connection of beams due to the tight connection of their unified profiles as manufactured. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Inventors

GRACHEV VLADIMIR MIKHAJLOVICH
TATARINOV ALEKSANDR STEPANOVICH

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241212

Claims (1)

A timber beam for erecting walls, provided with projections and grooves on its horizontal and end surfaces, characterized in that on the upper and lower horizontal surfaces in the longitudinal direction it has the same profile, consisting of a supporting projection in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, an identical mounting groove, half of the supporting projection, and half of the installed groove, wherein half of the supporting projection adjoins one side surface of the beam, and half of the installed groove adjoins the other, opposite surface, wherein a similar profile is also made on both end surfaces of the beam along its vertical axis, wherein the mounting groove and half of the mounting groove on one end are located opposite the supporting projection and half of the supporting projection on the other end of the beam.

Description

Field of technology The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to building structures used for the construction of external walls and internal partitions of low-rise buildings. Glued laminated timber construction timber (RU Patent No. 2268969, C1, IPC E04C 3/12, published January 27, 2006) is manufactured as a stack of glued-together planks (lamellas) of equal width, installed offset relative to each other to form grooves on one side and projections on the other. The planks are additionally secured layer by layer by installing dowels in planes perpendicular to the grain direction of the planks, at an angle to their planes. Glued laminated timber construction timber is, rather, a material or semi-finished product, rather than a finished building element like, for example, brick. Their great length and, correspondingly, their weight, require the physical effort of several people to construct the structures. This complicates their use in low-rise housing construction due to their labor-intensive manufacturing process, which involves the complex manufacturing process of long products with additional dowel fastening. Furthermore, a disadvantage of this type of glued laminated timber construction lumber is the formation of cracks on its side surfaces and the increased consumption of high-quality wood. A wooden building block by Kurochkin is known (RU Patent No. 124275, U1, IPC E04 B 1/10, published on 20.01.2013). The wooden building block is made from several edged dried boards of equal caliber in length, width, and thickness, connected to each other to form grooves and ridges along the length and at the ends of the block due to the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the boards relative to each other. The boards, pre-soaked in a softening solution with plastic properties, are made along the width with a longitudinal relief 5-10 mm wide, 2-5 mm deep, and connected into a block using an adhesive composition, while the width and depth of the grooves on the lower side of the block are greater than the width and height of the corresponding ridges on the upper side of the block. A wooden building block is made in the form of several edged or other boards, in which the dried boards are connected with metal pins to form protrusions and grooves along the length and at the ends of the block due to the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the boards relative to each other. The disadvantages of this technical solution include: firstly, the complexity of the design. A wooden building block consists of numerous planks offset from one another and connected with grooves, tenons, and fasteners, significantly complicating the design of the block and its installation. Secondly, the complexity of joining and assembling the blocks. Longitudinal and end-to-end joining of the blocks requires high precision in the dimensions of the boards' length, width, and thickness, making the manufacturing process labor-intensive given the need to create a longitudinal relief on each board. Thirdly, the heterogeneity of the material. The block is made from edged, kiln-dried boards, which can have varying densities and strengths, which can ultimately reduce the strength and durability of not only the block but also the entire structure. Fourthly, depending on the size of the boards and the density of the wood used, the blocks can be quite heavy and cannot be assembled by a single person. Known (RU Patent No. 49860, U1, IPC E04C 3/12, published 10.12.2005) is a wooden construction element made in the form of a board, both face surfaces of which are profiled and contain longitudinally oriented support projections cut along the entire length and matching mounting grooves. The support projections and matching mounting grooves have a rectangular profile, executed on both face surfaces of the board in such a way that the resulting projections on one side of the board correspond to the grooves on the other side of the board. A groove is cut on one end of the board, and a projection matching the said groove is cut on the opposite end. The side edges of the board are chamfered. The grooves on both sides of the board are 2.5-3.5 mm deep, the grooves on the ends are 15-25 mm deep, and the side edges are chamfered to 3.5 mm. The wall of a low-rise building is constructed from overlapping wooden structural elements, with the protrusions of one element fitting into the grooves of the next. The structural element is made of edged or other boards, dried to 12-18% moisture content. The board blocks are fastened with metal pins. The disadvantage of this technical solution is its lack of strength. During transportation and storage, atmospheric moisture, penetrating into the cracks and gaps between the assembled boards, deteriorates the finished structure. Mold develops in the cracks, the boards begin to rot and deteriorate, and the entire block collapses. Therefore, when joining building elements, additional materials are require