RU-2861724-C1 - METHOD FOR KEEPING CRUSTACEANS IN ARTIFICIAL AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

FIELD: industrial aquaculture. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for keeping and growing crustaceans. A bacterial preparation is introduced into containers with water in which crustaceans are kept, using as a bacterial preparation a dry powder of a postbiotic based on a 1:1 mixture of probiotic strains Bacillus velezensis and Pediococcus pentosaceus , at a dosage of 1 gram of dry postbiotic per 100 litres of water. The postbiotic is introduced into the aquatic environment in the form of an emulsion, which is obtained by diluting the required dose of dry powder in 100 ml of distilled water. The dry postbiotic powder is obtained previously from a mixture of probiotic strains Bacillus velezensis and Pediococcus pentosaceus in a 1:1 ratio in a biofloc system, into which the bacterial biomass is placed, and then it is extracted in the form of sludge, which is dried and ground into powder. EFFECT: fast and effective method of water purification. 1 cl, 11 tbl

Inventors

• Yarontovskij Vasilij Evgenevich
• Tkacheva Irina Vasilevna
• Oganisyan Marina Mushegovna
• Nedina Nadezhda Dmitrievna
• KRAVCHENKO VLADIMIR NIKOLAEVICH

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20250723

Claims (1)

1. A method for maintaining crustaceans in an artificial aquatic environment, which consists in introducing a bacterial preparation into containers with water in which the crustaceans are kept, characterized in that the bacterial preparation is a dry postbiotic powder based on a 1:1 mixture of the probiotic strains Bacillus velezensis and Pediococcus pentosaceus , in a dosage of 1 gram of dry postbiotic per 100 liters of water, which is introduced into the aquatic environment in the form of an emulsion, which is obtained by diluting the required dose of dry powder in 100 ml of distilled water, wherein the dry postbiotic powder is obtained beforehand from a mixture of the probiotic strains Bacillus velezensis and Pediococcus pentosaceus in a 1:1 ratio in a biofloc system, into which bacterial biomass is placed, and then extracted in the form of sludge, which is dried and ground into powder.

Description

The invention relates to industrial aquaculture, in particular to methods for maintaining and growing aquatic organisms, primarily crustaceans. During the process of growing aquatic organisms in water tanks, excessive water pollution with organic matter is observed, which slows down the metabolism and growth of aquatic organisms and also contributes to the spread of pathogenic microorganisms, which can degrade water quality and even lead to the mass death of fish and other aquatic organisms. A method for microbiologically treating wastewater from agricultural holding ponds is known. The invention relates to a microbiological treatment method comprising a sequence of process steps (patent RU 2770056 C1, IPC C02F 1/74, C02F 3/02, E02B 8/02, published April 14, 2022). The disadvantage of this method is the labor-intensive technological process, the need for a large amount of equipment, and the limited application, as water purification is not designed for natural reservoirs and large volumes of water. A method and reactor for the biological removal of nitrogen through autotrophic ammonium oxidation and subsequent denitrification are known. The group of inventions can be used in water treatment. The method for biologically removing nitrogen from raw water involves autotrophic nitrification and subsequent denitrification. The group of inventions enables accelerated nitrogen removal with a reduced reactor volume (patent RU 2714817 C1, IPC C02F 3/30, C02F 3/08, C02F 3/10, C02F 1/72, published February 19, 2020). The disadvantage of this method is the limited space for water purification, which must consist of different zones, and the use of aerobic nitrifying and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria, which can form biofilms on the surface. When water is introduced into the reactor, a strictly aerobic environment must be created, which becomes increasingly anaerobic or anoxic as it flows outward. A known method for storing live fish in a sealed container involves adding a gaseous preservative. The container is first filled with seawater, and gaseous nitrogen is used as a preservative. Seawater is added to the live fish in a 2:1 ratio, and gaseous nitrogen is added to the fish in a 1:5 ratio (Russian Federation Patent No. 2136151, IPC A01K 63/00, published October 9, 1999). Using nitrogen gas as a preservative slows the growth of aerobic microflora, thereby extending the shelf life of live fish. However, the need for nitrogen gas, an inert gas, slows down vital functions but does not eliminate aerobic microflora or affect the anaerobic microbial environment. A method for transporting live fish in a sealed container containing water and oxygen is known. A fully fluorinated organic compound is added to the water in an amount greater than 10% of the water's mass, with oxygen dissolved in it (Russian Federation Patent No. 2228028, IPC A01K 63/00). The disadvantage of this method is the lack of inhibitors for microbial growth. Given the current level of pathogenic microbial contamination in aquatic environments, this leads to a decrease in fish quality, which impairs its marketability. Furthermore, the presence of at least 10% inert matter by weight in the water reduces the yield of transported fish and increases transportation costs. A method for preserving live fish during transportation and storage (patent RU 2797684 IPC A01K 63.00) was selected as the closest analogue (prototype) of the proposed invention. The probiotic Bacillus subtilis is added to a container of water at a concentration of 0.5 ml per 10 liters of water. Fish are placed in the container, and the water is aerated. The invention allows for increased shelf life of live fish during transportation in small volumes of water. The probiotic used for biological water purification is a modern and environmentally friendly product. A drawback of this method is the probiotic's insufficient activity, resulting in organic waste accumulating faster than the probiotic bacteria can grow, being processed more slowly, and not being completely removed from the aquatic organism tank. This leads to a decrease in the quality of aquaculture products and hinders their marketability. Improving the disposal of aquatic organism waste can be achieved by pre-introducing a probiotic into the water tank and allowing it to soak for an extended period to allow the microbial mass to activate and accumulate before introducing the aquatic organisms. This increases the time required for water purification, making the process more complex and expensive. The objective of the proposed invention is to provide a faster, cheaper and more efficient method of water purification. This objective is achieved by introducing a bacterial preparation, a dry postbiotic powder based on a 1:1 mixture of the probiotic strains Bacillus velezensis and Pediococcus pentosaceus , into water tanks containing crustaceans at a dosage of 1 gram of dry postbiotic per 100 liters of water. The postbiotic is introduced into