US-12616103-B2 - Automatic seedling taking and separation system for substrate block seedlings

US12616103B2US 12616103 B2US12616103 B2US 12616103B2US-12616103-B2

Abstract

The automatic seedling taking and separation system includes a seedling taking device, a seedling delivery device, and two seedling separation devices; the seedling taking device conveys substrate block seedlings on a seedling tray to the seedling delivery device in rows; the seedling delivery device divides a row of substrate block seedlings into two parts and conveys the substrate block seedlings to the two seedling separation devices; and the seedling separation devices perform single-seedling separation through seedling separation mechanisms. The present disclosure can automatically take and separate vegetable substrate block seedlings, thus improving the working efficiency.

Inventors

Zhichao Cui
Chunsong Guan
Yongsheng Chen
Yating YANG
Binxing Xu

Assignees

NANJING INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20230814
Priority Date: 20221025

Claims (5)

1 . An automatic seedling taking and separation system for substrate block seedlings, comprising a seedling taking device, a seedling delivery device, and a seedling separation device, wherein the seedling taking device comprises a seedling tray, a first push plate, and a first push rod; the seedling tray is fixed on a stand; the first push plate is located above the seedling tray; the first push rod is arranged at one end of the seedling tray; the first push plate is driven by the first push rod to move in a stepped and reciprocating manner along the seedling tray; the seedling delivery device comprises a seedling carrier, a first lead-screw nut mechanism, a second lead-screw nut mechanism, a first scraper blade, and a second scraper blade; both the first lead-screw nut mechanism and the second lead-screw nut mechanism are located above the seedling carrier; the first scraper blade and the second scraper blade are separately driven by the first lead-screw nut mechanism and the second lead-screw nut mechanism to move in a reciprocating manner; a travel of the first scraper blade is from a center of the seedling carrier to one end of the seedling carrier; a travel of the second scraper blade is from the center of the seedling carrier to the other end of the seedling carrier; the seedling separation device comprises a first conveyor belt adapted to an end portion of the seedling carrier, a second conveyor belt parallel to the first conveyor belt, and a plurally of third conveyor belts cooperating with the second conveyor belt; the third conveyor belts are perpendicular to the second conveyor belt; the first conveyor belt and the third conveyor belts are separately arranged on two sides of the second conveyor belt; a single-seedling separation mechanism is arranged at one end, of the first conveyor belt; the single-seedling separation mechanism is configured for pushing the substrate block seedling located at an end portion of the seedling carrier onto the second conveyor belt; the second conveyor belt intermittently moves to convey the substrate block seedlings to seedling inlets of the third conveyor belts; a second push plate is arranged on one side, of the second conveyor belt; the second push plate is driven by a second push rod; the third conveyor belts are inclined; the single-seedling separation mechanism is a crank and rocker mechanism composed of a crank, a connecting rod, and a rocker; a hinge point between the connecting rod and the rocker is located in the middle of the connecting rod; a third push plate is arranged at one end of the connecting rod; and the single-seedling separation mechanism has a seedling pushing working state in which the third push plate does a linear motion and a return working state in which the third push plate does a parabolic motion.
2 . The automatic seedling taking and separation system for the substrate block seedlings according to claim 1 , wherein first seedling stop plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the first conveyor belt; an end surface baffle plate is arranged at an end portion of the first conveyor belt; a clamping plate is arranged on one side, far from the second conveyor belt, of the first conveyor belt; the clamping plate is hinged with the stand; the stand is further provided with a guide hole and a guide rod penetrating through the guide hole; one end of the guide rod is hinged with the clamping plate, and the guide rod is sleeved with a spring; the spring is located between the clamping plate and the guide hole; the connecting rod of the single-seedling separation mechanism is fixedly connected with a return pull rod; when the single-seedling separation mechanism is in the seedling pushing working state, the return pull rod does not contact the clamping plate; and when the single-seedling separation mechanism is in the return working state, the return pull rod drives the clamping plate to move away from the second conveyor belt.
3 . The automatic seedling taking and separation system for the substrate block seedlings according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of third seedling stop plates perpendicular to the third conveyor belts are arranged on peripheral surfaces of the third conveyor belts; a clearance between two adjacent third seedling stop plates is equal; and when in use, the seedling separation device mechanism precisely pushes the substrate block seedlings to be between two adjacent third seedling stop plates of the third conveyor belts in sequence.
4 . The automatic seedling taking and separation system for the substrate block seedlings according to claim 1 , wherein second seedling stop plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the seedling tray.
5 . The automatic seedling taking and separation system for the substrate block seedlings according to claim 1 , wherein the seedling tray is provided with a plurality of hollows.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to an automatic seedling taking and separation system for substrate block seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. BACKGROUND Automatic seedling taking and separation are inevitable ways to achieve high-speed vegetable transplanting. Transplanting seedlings mainly include plug seedlings, bare seedlings, substrate block seedlings, and the like. Due to a block rule and good standing stability of the substrate block seedlings, lodging after planting can be effectively prevented, and there is no barrier between seedling blocks, which can achieve that an entire row of seedlings can be taken out and improve the seedling taking efficiency. Mechanical transplantation has low requirements for the quality of seedlings, and the ages of seedlings and shapes of plants do not affect the seedling separation effect. Therefore, the substrate block seedlings are an effective seedling cultivation method to ensure the vegetable planting quality, improve the transplantation efficiency, and achieve high-speed transplantation. An existing automatic transplanting machines are mostly configured for taking and separating plug seedlings. Seedling pot bodies are located in a seedling cultivation tray, and the seedling pot bodies are independently spaced apart. Therefore, seedlings can only be taken out by clamping or ejection. Furthermore, due to the impact of factors such as the shape of a seedling plant and a packing nature of a pot body, phenomena of injury of seedlings, omission to take seedlings, and the like might occur during taking of seedlings. In addition, the seedling cultivation tray has defects such as poor standing stability and poor seedling taking effect, which can also cause the seedlings to be prone to lodging after transplantation. According to applicant's understandings, at present, vegetable substrate block seedlings are mainly transplanted semi-automatically. Although, the planting process is achieved mechanically, seedling taking and throwing operations still need to be manually completed. It has high labor intensity and low efficiency, and the phenomena of omission to take seedlings and injury of seedlings easily occur, which restrains the popularization and application of the vegetable substrate block seedlings. SUMMARY The technical problem to be solved in the present disclosure is to provide an automatic seedling taking and separation system for substrate block seedlings, which can automatically take and separate vegetable substrate block seedlings, thus improving the working efficiency. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed in the present disclosure is as follows: An automatic seedling taking and separation system for substrate block seedlings includes a seedling taking device, a seedling delivery device, and a seedling separation device, wherein the seedling taking device includes a seedling tray, a first push plate, and a first push rod; the seedling tray is fixed on a stand and is overall rectangular; the first push plate is located above the seedling tray; the first push rod is arranged at one end of the seedling tray; the first push plate is driven by the first push rod to move in a stepped and reciprocating manner along the seedling tray;the seedling delivery device includes a seedling carrier, a first lead-screw nut mechanism, a second lead-screw nut mechanism, a first scraper blade, and a second scraper blade; both the first lead-screw nut mechanism and the second lead-screw nut mechanism are located above the seedling carrier; the first scraper blade and the second scraper blade are separately driven by the first lead-screw nut mechanism and the second lead-screw nut mechanism to move in a reciprocating manner; a travel of the first scraper blade is from a center of the seedling carrier to one end of the seedling carrier; a travel of the second scraper blade is from the center of the seedling carrier to the other end of the seedling carrier;the seedling separation device includes a first conveyor belt adapted to an end portion of the seedling carrier, a second conveyor belt parallel to the first conveyor belt, and a plurality of third conveyor belts cooperating with the second conveyor belt; the third conveyor belts are perpendicular to the second conveyor belt; the first conveyor belt and the third conveyor belts are separately arranged on two sides of the second conveyor belt; a single-seedling separation mechanism is arranged at one end, far from the seedling carrier, of the first conveyor belt; the single-seedling separation mechanism is configured for pushing the substrate block seedling located at an end portion of the seedling carrier onto the second conveyor belt; the second conveyor belt intermittently moves to convey the substrate block seedlings to seedling inlets of the third conveyor belts; a second push plate is arranged on one side, close to the first conveyor belt