US-12616166-B2 - Test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals and test method thereof

US12616166B2US 12616166 B2US12616166 B2US 12616166B2US-12616166-B2

Abstract

Provided are a test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals and a test method thereof. The test apparatus includes a constant temperature and humidity test box internally provided with a test chamber and provided with a dust inlet connected to a dust conveying device. The test chamber separated into a cleaning area and an activity area, and a blowing device is arranged in the cleaning area. The test method includes following steps: step S1: a test animal is placed in the activity area; step S2: dust is introduced and the blowing device is turned on; step S3: a temperature and a humidity are adjusted; step S4: the test animal is taken out to weigh and step S5: steps S1 to S4 are repeated, blood of the test animal is drawn after days for biochemical index assay, and a test cycle is completed.

Inventors

Sheng XUE
Fulin CAI
Mei Zhang
Yafeng Liu
Jiawei ZHOU

Assignees

Anhui University of Science and Technology

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20231206
Priority Date: 20231009

Claims (20)

1 . A test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals, comprising a constant temperature and humidity test box internally provided with a test chamber, wherein the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with a dust inlet communicated with the test chamber, and the dust inlet is connected to a dust conveying device; the test chamber is internally provided with an excrement leakage isolation net separating the test chamber into a cleaning area and an activity area configured for activities of the animals; the activity area and the cleaning area are distributed from up to down; and a blowing device configured for blowing dust and a tray configured for receiving excrement and urine are arranged in the cleaning area, and the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with a box door communicated with the activity area and the cleaning area.
2 . The test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 1 , wherein the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with an exhaust gas inlet which is communicated with the test chamber and the exhaust gas inlet is connected to an exhaust gas supplying device.
3 . The test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 2 , wherein the exhaust gas supplying device includes an exhaust gas storage tank filled with exhaust gas mixture, and a flowmeter and a flow control valve are connected between the exhaust gas storage tank and the exhaust gas inlet in sequence.
4 . The test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 3 , wherein a dust concentration monitor, an exhaust gas concentration monitor, a thermometer and a hygrometer are arranged in the test chamber.
5 . The test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 4 , wherein the dust conveying device comprises a powder feeder and a crusher located above the powder feeder, a powder outlet of the crusher is communicated with a powder container of the powder feeder.
6 . The test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 5 , wherein a dryer is connected between the powder feeder and the dust inlet.
7 . The test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 1 , wherein the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with an exhaust port which is communicated with the test chamber and the exhaust port is connected to a dust removing device.
8 . The test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 1 , wherein the box door is provided with a transparent window configured for light to penetrate into the activity area and the cleaning area, and a curtain is arranged on the transparent window.
9 . A test method for dust-exposing breath of animals by means of the test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 1 , comprising following steps: step S1: opening the box door, placing a test animal and the tray in the activity area and the cleaning area of the test chamber, respectively, and closing the box door; step S2: turning on the dust conveying device to introduce dust with a preset concentration into the test chamber, turning off the dust conveying device after introduction is finished, and turning on the blowing device to raise the dust; step S3: adjusting a temperature and a humidity in the test chamber to a preset temperature and a preset humidity; step S4: after reaching a preset test time every day, opening the box door to take the test animal out, cleaning the tray and the dust in the test chamber, weighing the test animal taken out, and observing eating and activity conditions of the test animal; and step S5: repeating steps S1 to S4, drawing blood of the test animal after days for biochemical index assay, and completing a test cycle.
10 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 9 , wherein, in step S2, when the dust conveying device is opened, an exhaust gas supplying device is turned on to introduce exhaust gas mixture with a preset concentration into the test chamber, and after introduction of each of the dust conveying device and the exhaust gas conveying device is finished, the blowing device is turned on to raise the dust.
11 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 9 , wherein the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with an exhaust gas inlet which is communicated with the test chamber and the exhaust gas inlet is connected to an exhaust gas supplying device.
12 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 11 , wherein the exhaust gas supplying device includes an exhaust gas storage tank filled with exhaust gas mixture, and a flowmeter and a flow control valve are connected between the exhaust gas storage tank and the exhaust gas inlet in sequence.
13 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 12 , wherein a dust concentration monitor, an exhaust gas concentration monitor, a thermometer and a hygrometer are arranged in the test chamber.
14 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 13 , wherein the dust conveying device comprises a powder feeder and a crusher located above the powder feeder, a powder outlet of the crusher is communicated with a powder container of the powder feeder.
15 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 14 , wherein a dryer is connected between the powder feeder and the dust inlet.
16 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 13 , wherein in step S2, when the dust conveying device is opened, the exhaust gas supplying device is turned on to introduce exhaust gas mixture with a preset concentration into the test chamber, and after introduction of each of the dust conveying device and the exhaust gas conveying device is finished, the blowing device is turned on to raise the dust.
17 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 11 , wherein in step S2, when the dust conveying device is opened, the exhaust gas supplying device is turned on to introduce exhaust gas mixture with a preset concentration into the test chamber, and after introduction of each of the dust conveying device and the exhaust gas conveying device is finished, the blowing device is turned on to raise the dust.
18 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 12 , wherein in step S2, when the dust conveying device is opened, the exhaust gas supplying device is turned on to introduce exhaust gas mixture with a preset concentration into the test chamber, and after introduction of each of the dust conveying device and the exhaust gas conveying device is finished, the blowing device is turned on to raise the dust.
19 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 9 , wherein the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with an exhaust port which is communicated with the test chamber and the exhaust port is connected to a dust removing device.
20 . The test method for dust-exposing breath of animals according to claim 9 , wherein the box door is provided with a transparent window configured for light to penetrate into the activity area and the cleaning area, and a curtain is arranged on the transparent window.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a national stage application of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2023/136617, filed on Dec. 6, 2023, which claims priority of the Chinese Patent Application No. 202311304707.7, filed on Oct. 9, 2023, both of which are incorporated by references in their entities. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of pneumoconiosis animal simulation tests, and particularly relates to a test apparatus dust-exposing breath of animals and a test method thereof. BACKGROUND In the process of coal mining, a large amount of dust is generated, resulting in the polluted roadway environment. Long-term inhalation of dust by workers causes pneumoconiosis, which seriously threatens the occupational safety and health of workers and restricts the development of underground coal mining. Due to the limitation of experiments, it is difficult to carry out the dust inhalation experiment on coal miners, and thus it is impossible to continue the follow-up pathological research. To this end, researchers began to use pneumoconiosis rats to simulate the effects of dust on function of human body during inhalation of dust. For example, in Chinese Patent Application No. 201920282288.4 which has the title of animal feeding test apparatus for feeding animals exposed to dust, the patent discloses a method of putting rats into a sealed cabin and then feeding dust into the cabin to simulate the environment in the mine. An excrement leakage isolation net and a particulate matter concentration sensor are arranged in the sealed cabin, and the excrement leakage isolation net divides an inner chamber of the sealed cabin into upper and lower areas. The upper area is configured for the activities and feeding of rats, and the lower area is provided with a excrement conveyor to convey excrement out of the sealed cabin. A dust conveying device is connected outside the sealed cabin to provide dust with a preset concentration into the cabin, so as to simulate the environment in the mine. However, there are many problems in the above patent: 1, with the increase of test time, floating dust will gradually fall and then deposit on a bottom plate of the cabin, resulting the contact effect between the rats and dust worse, so that the process that human body is exposed to the dust cannot be simulated effectively, and the subsequent research cannot be carried out effectively; and 2, there is not a simulation of harmful gases and other components in coal mines, so it is impossible to explore the harm of the harmful gases to human body. Moreover, pneumoconiosis is often caused by many factors such as dust and harmful gases, so the above patent cannot really determine the harm of the environment in the coal mine to the rats. SUMMARY An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals and a test method thereof. After dust is provided into a test chamber, a blowing device can ensure that the dust is always diffused in the test chamber, such that the contact effect between a test animal and the dust is improved, the process that the human body is exposed to the dust can be well simulated, and. a test result is more realistic. The technical solution adopted by the present disclosure is a test apparatus for dust-exposing breath of animals, including a constant temperature and humidity test box internally provided with a test chamber. The constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with a dust inlet communicated with the test chamber, and the dust inlet is connected to a dust conveying device; the test chamber is internally provided with an excrement leakage isolation net separating the test chamber into a cleaning area and an activity area configured for activities of the animals; the activity area and the cleaning area are distributed from up to down; and a blowing device configured for blowing dust and a tray configured for receiving excrement and urine are arranged in the cleaning area, and the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with a box door communicated with the activity area and the cleaning area. The present disclosure has the characteristics that: Preferably, the constant temperature and humidity test box is provided with an exhaust gas inlet which is communicated with the test chamber and the exhaust gas inlet is connected to an exhaust gas supplying device. Preferably, the exhaust gas supplying device includes an exhaust gas storage tank filled with exhaust gas mixture, and a flowmeter and a flow control valve are connected between the exhaust gas storage tank and the exhaust gas inlet in sequence. Preferably, a dust concentration monitor, an exhaust gas concentration monitor, a thermometer and a hygrometer are arranged in the test chamber Preferably, the dust conveying device includes a powder feeder and a crusher located above the powder feeder, a powder outlet of the crusher is comm