US-12616232-B2 - Fasting mimicking diet

US12616232B2US 12616232 B2US12616232 B2US 12616232B2US-12616232-B2

Abstract

A fasting mimicking diet package providing daily meal portions for a predetermined number of days is provided. The fasting mimicking diet package includes a kale cracker composition, a first vegetable broth composition, a mushroom soup composition, a tomato soup composition, a quinoa-containing minestrone soup composition, a bean-containing minestrone soup composition, and a pumpkin soup composition. Characteristically, the daily meal portions are packaged into meal servings or into a total daily serving to be divided into meals.

Inventors

Sebastian BRANDHORST
Valter D. Longo
Min Wei
Fabrizio SCHIRANO

Assignees

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20200901

Claims (14)

1 . A method for mimicking effects of fasting, the method comprising: administering to a subject as the only source of calories for five consecutive days, a plant-based fasting-mimicking diet provided from a fasting-mimicking diet package that includes at least a tomato soup composition and a mushroom soup composition, the fasting-mimicking diet providing the subject with a predetermined caloric intake of 700 kcal/day to 1100 kcal/day, the fasting mimicking diet package including daily meal portions that provide less than 40 grams of sugar for day 1, less than 30 grams of sugar for days 2 to 5, less than 28 grams of protein for day 1, less than 18 grams of protein for days 2 to 5, 20-30 grams of monounsaturated fats or more to reach the predetermined caloric intake for day 1, 6-10 grams of polyunsaturated fats or more to reach the predetermined caloric intake for day 1, 2-12 grams of saturated fats or more to reach the predetermined caloric intake for day 1, 10-15 grams of monounsaturated fats or more to reach the predetermined caloric intake for days 2 to 5, 3-5 grams of polyunsaturated fats or more to reach the predetermined caloric intake for days 2 to 5, 1-6 grams of saturated fats or more to reach the predetermined caloric intake for days 2 to 5, and a micronutrient composition on each day and any remaining days, wherein compositions of the fasting-mimicking diet package are portioned to attain fasting-like effects on serum levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-1, glucose and ketone bodies while providing both macronutrients and micronutrients to minimize the burden of fasting and adverse effects.
2 . The method of claim 1 wherein the fasting-mimicking diet package provides daily meal portions for a predetermined number of days, the daily meal portions being packaged into meal servings or into a total daily serving to be divided into meals.
3 . The method of claim 1 wherein the fasting-mimicking diet package further includes a quinoa-containing minestrone soup composition and a pumpkin soup composition.
4 . The method of claim 3 wherein the fasting-mimicking diet package further includes: a nut-containing nutrition bar; a cocoa-containing nutrition bar; a first olive-containing composition; a kale cracker composition; a vegetable soup composition; a first vegetable broth composition; a tea composition that includes spearmint; an energy drink composition; a micronutritional composition; and an algal oil composition.
5 . The method of claim 4 wherein the fasting-mimicking diet package further includes: a second olive-containing composition; a second vegetable broth composition; a bean-containing minestrone soup composition; a tea composition that includes spearmint and lemon; and a tea composition that includes hibiscus.
6 . The method of claim 5 wherein: the nut-containing nutrition bar includes almond meal and macadamia nuts; the cocoa-containing nutrition bar includes almond butter, almonds, and brown rice crispy; the mushroom soup composition includes brown rice powder, carrots, inulin, and; the bean-containing minestrone soup composition includes white beans, cabbage, and potatoes; the first vegetable broth composition includes carrots, maltodextrin, celery, spinach, and tomatoes; the second vegetable broth composition includes carrots, maltodextrin, celery, spinach, soy lecithin, and tomatoes; the energy drink composition includes glycerin and water; the algal oil composition includes schizocatrium algae oil; the kale cracker composition includes almonds, kale, sesame seeds, and tapioca flour; the tomato soup composition includes tomatoes, inulin, and onions; the quinoa-containing minestrone soup composition includes quinoa, cabbage, potatoes, rice flour, and tomatoes; the bean-containing minestrone soup composition includes white beans, cabbage, and potatoes; the pumpkin soup composition includes pumpkin, rice flour, carrots, and brown rice powder; and the micronutrient composition includes beet root powder, calcium carbonate, carrots, collard leaf, kale leaf, and tomatoes.
7 . The method of claim 6 wherein the micronutrient composition includes Vit A, Vit C, Ca, Fe, Vit D3, Vit E, Vit K, Vit B1, Vit B2, Vit B3, Vit B5, Vit B6, Vit B7, Vit B9, Vit B12, Cr, Cu, I, Mg, Mn, Mo, Se, and Zn.
8 . The method of claim 5 wherein: the nut-containing nutrition bar comprises almond meal in an amount of 20 to 35 weight %; coconut in an amount of 2 to 10 weight %; coconut oil in an amount of 1 to 8 weight %; flax seed meal in an amount of 1 to 8 weight %; honey in an amount of 10 to 30 weight %; macadamia nuts in an amount of 10 to 30 weight %; pecans in an amount of 10 to 25 weight %; salt in an amount of 0.1 to 0.8 weight %; and optionally vanilla in an amount of 0.3 to 1.5 weight %; the cocoa-containing nutrition bar comprises almond butter in an amount of 10 to 25 weight %; almonds in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; brown rice crispy in an amount of 10 to 25 weight %; brown rice syrup in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; chocolate liquor in an amount of 1 to 4 weight %, cocoa butter in an amount of 0.4 to 1.6 weight %; cocoa powder in an amount of 4 to 12 weight %; fiber syrup SF75 in an amount of 18 to 38 weight %, flax seed oil in an amount of 1 to 3 weight %; salt in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4 weight % and sugar in an amount of 1 to 6 weight %; the first olive-containing composition comprises lactic acid in an amount of 0.3 to 1 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 2 to 6 weight %; olives in an amount of 50 to 97 weight %; salt in an amount of 0.8 to 3 weight %; and thyme in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 weight %; the second olive-containing composition comprises garlic in an amount of 0.1 to 0.6 weight %; lactic acid in an amount of 0.3 to 1 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 2 to 6 weight %; olives in an amount of 50 to 97 weight %; salt in an amount of 0.8 to 3 weight %; and thyme in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 weight %; the kale cracker composition comprises almonds in an amount of 15 to 40 weight %; black pepper in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4 weight %; chia seeds in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; chili pepper in an amount of 0.4 to 1.2 weight %; cumin seeds in an amount of 0.3 to 0.9 weight %; flax seeds in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; garlic in an amount of 0.02 to 0.04 weight %; kale in an amount of 2 to 6 weight %; sunflower oil in an about of 2 to 7 weight %; onion in an amount of 0.3 to 0.9 weight %; oregano in an amount of 0.01 to 0.06 weight %; salt in an amount of 1 to 4 weight %; sesame seeds in an amount of 15 to 35 weight %; sugar in an amount of 1 to 5 weight %; tapioca flour in an amount of 10 to 30 weight %; vinegar in an amount of 1 to 4 weight %; water in an amount of 2 to 12 weight %; and yeast extract in an amount of 0.3 to 1 weight %; the first vegetable broth composition includes carrots in an amount of 6 to 18 weight %; celery in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; garlic in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; maltodextrin in an amount of 8 to 25 weight %; canola oil in an amount of 0.5 to 2 weight %; onion in an amount of 6 to 18 weight %; parsley in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; potato in an amount of 1 to 3 weight %; salt in an amount of 7 to 21 weight %; spinach in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; tomatoes in an amount of 6 to 18 weight %; and yeast extract in an amount of 1 to 6 weight %; the second vegetable broth composition includes carrots in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; celery in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; garlic in an amount of 3 to 9 weight %; maltodextrin in an amount of 8 to 25 weight %; canola oil, in an amount of 0.5 to 2 weight %; onion in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; parsley in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; potato in an amount of 1 to 6 weight %; salt in an amount of 8 to 25 weight %; soy lecithin in an amount of 0.5 to 3 weight %; spinach in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; tomatoes in an amount of 6 to 18 weight %; xanthan gum in an amount of 0.5 to 4 weight %; and yeast extract in an amount of 4 to 12 weight %; the vegetable soup composition comprises includes basil in an amount of 0.3 to 0.9 weight %; brown rice powder in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; carrots in an amount of 4 to 14 weight %; green tea extract in an amount of 0.02 to 0.06 weight %; inulin in an amount of 5 to 15 weight %; leeks in an amount of 1 to 5 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 1 to 6 weight %; onion in an amount of 4 to 15 weight %; parsley in an amount of 0.3 to 0.8 weight %; red bell peppers in an amount of 1 to 5 weight %; rice flour in an amount of 18 to 50 weight %; salt in an amount of 2 to 7 weight %; spinach in an amount of 0.4 to 1.5 weight %; tomatoes in an amount of 4 to 14 weight %; yeast extract in an amount of 0.5 to 1.8 weight %; the mushroom soup composition comprises brown rice powder in an amount of 10 to 30 weight %; carrots in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; green tea extract in an amount of 0.02 to 0.06 weight %; inulin in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; mushrooms in an amount of 6 to 18 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 1 to 6 weight %; onion in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; parsley in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 weight %; rice flour in an amount of 18 to 50 weight %; salt in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; yeast extract in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5 weight %; the tomato soup composition comprises basil in an amount of 0.2 to 0.7 weight %; brown rice powder in an amount of 1 to 5 weight %; green tea extract in an amount of 0.02 to 0.06 weight %; inulin in an amount of 7 to 20 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 3 to 9 weight %; onion in an amount of 4 to 12 weight %; parsley in an amount of 0.1 to 0.6 weight %; rice flour in an amount of 18 to 50 weight %; salt in an amount of 2 to 9 weight %; tomatoes in an amount of 12 to 36 weight %; and yeast extract in an amount of 0.5 to 3 weight %; the quinoa-containing minestrone soup composition comprises includes basil in an amount of 0.7 to 2 weight %; broccoli powder in an amount of 0.6 to 2 weight %; cabbage white in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; carrots in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; celery in an amount of 1 to 4 weight %; celery seeds in an amount of 0.07 to 0.2 weight %; garlic in an amount of 0.7 to 2 weight %; green tea extract in an amount of 0.02 to 0.06 weight %; inulin in an amount of 1 to 5 weight %; leeks, in an amount of 0.7 to 2 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 0.6 to 2 weight %; onion in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; peas in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; potato in an amount of 7 to 20 weight %; quinoa in an amount of 7 to 20 weight %; rice flour in an amount of 7 to 20 weight %; salt, in an amount of 1 to 6 weight %; spinach in an amount of 0.5 to 2 weight %; tomatoes in an amount of 2 to 6 weight %; yeast extract in an amount of 0.6 to 2 weight %; and zucchini in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; the bean-containing minestrone soup composition comprises white beans in an amount of 3 to 10 weight %; cabbage white in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; carrots in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; celery in an amount of 1 to 4 weight %; green tea extract in an amount of 0.02 to 0.06 weight %; inulin in an amount of 2 to 10 weight %; leeks in an amount of 2 to 7 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 2 to 7 weight %; onion in an amount of 2 to 7 weight %; parsley in an amount of 0.2 to 1 weight %; peas in an amount of 3 to 9 weight %; potato in an amount of 15 to 45 weight %; rice flour in an amount of 6 to 18 weight %; salt in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; spinach in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5 weight %; tomatoes in an amount of 2 to 7 weight %; and yeast extract in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5 weight %; the pumpkin soup composition comprises brown rice powder in an amount of 3 to 9 weight %; carrots in an amount of 2 to 8 weight %; green tea extract in an amount of 0.02 to 0.06 weight %; inulin in an amount of 2 to 10 weight %; olive oil in an amount of 1 to 7 weight %; onion in an amount of 1.0 to 3 weight %; pumpkin powder in an amount of 20 to 60 weight %; rice flour in an amount of 15 to 45 weight %; salt in an amount of 2 to 10 weight %; and yeast extract in an amount of 0.3 to 1 weight %; the tea composition that includes spearmint includes spearmint leaves organic in an amount of 70 to 100 weight %; the tea composition that includes lemon and spearmint includes lemon myrtle organic in an amount of 3 to 12 weight %; lemon peel organic in an amount of 10 to 25 weight %; spearmint leaves organic in an amount of 50 to 95 weight %; the tea composition that includes hibiscus includes hibiscus tea leaves organic in an amount of 80 to 100 weight %; the energy drink composition comprises glycerin in an amount of 20 to 60 weight %; water in an amount of 40 to 80 weight %; the algal oil composition comprises schizocatrium algae oil in an amount of 80 to 100 weight %; the micronutritional composition comprises ascorbic acid in an amount of 1 to 3 weight %; beet root powder in an amount of 6 to 20 weight %; beta carotene in an amount of 0.05 to 0.15 weight %; calcium carbonate in an amount of 6 to 20 weight %; carrots in an amount of 6 to 20 weight %; cholecaliciferol in an amount of 0.00 weight %; chromium Picolinate in an amount of 0.00 weight %; collard leaf powder in an amount of 6 to 20 weight %; cupric sulfate in an amount of 0.01 to 0.06 weight %; cyanocobalamin, 0.00; DI-alpha tocopherol acetate in an amount of 0.3 to 1 weight %; ferrous fumarate in an amount of 0.2 to 1 weight %; folic acid in an amount of 0.00 weight %; kale leaf in an amount of 6 to 20 weight %; magnesium stearate in an amount of 1 to 6 weight %; manganese sulfate in an amount of 0.04 to 0.08 weight %; niacinamide in an amount of 0.3 to 1 weight %; pantothenic acid in an amount of 0.1 to 0.6 weight %; phytonadione in an amount of 0.00 weight %; potassium iodine in an amount of 0 weight %; pyriodoxine HCl in an amount of 0.03 to 0.1 weight %; riboflavin in an amount of 0.02 to 0.1 weight %; sodium molybdate in an amount of 0.00 weight %; sodium selenate in an amount of 0.00 weight %; spinach in an amount of 6 to 20 weight %; thiamine mononitrate in an amount of 0.02 to 0.1 weight %; tomatoes in an amount of 6 to 20 weight %; tribasic calcium phosphate in an amount of 0.5 to 2 weight %; and zinc oxide in an amount of 0.2 to 0.8 weight %.
9 . The method of claim 1 wherein the fasting-mimicking diet package is administered to a subject in need of inducement of differential effects on disease factors and markers associated with aging, the method comprises administering the fasting-mimicking diet to a subject in need thereof.
10 . The method of claim 9 wherein the disease factors and marking are insulin-like growth factor-1, blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, CRP, triglycerides, or abdominal/visceral fats.
11 . The method of claim 1 wherein the fasting-mimicking diet package is administered to a subject in need of promotion and inducement of beneficial long-lasting effects on disease factors and markers associated with aging.
12 . The method of claim 11 wherein the disease factors and marking are insulin-like growth factor-1, blood glucose, systolic or diastolic blood pressure.
13 . The method of claim 1 wherein the fasting-mimicking diet package is administered to a subject in need of promotion and inducement of stem-cell based regeneration of multiple organs and systems.
14 . The method of claim 13 wherein the stem-cell based regeneration of multiple organs and systems includes neurogenesis, hematopoiesis, or promotion of pancreatic beta-cells.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/432,803 filed Feb. 14, 2017, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference herein. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention, in general, relates to compositions that mimicking fasting while still providing nutrients to a subject. BACKGROUND Recently, fasting mimicking diets have been found to provide a number of health benefits. For example, fasting mimicking diets have been found to be useful in alleviating symptoms of chemotherapy, diabetes, and hypertension. Metabolic syndrome is defined by co-occurrence of 3 out of 5 of the following conditions: abdominal obesity, elevated fasting glucose, elevated blood pressure, high serum triglycerides, and low levels of high-density cholesterol (HDL) (1). Affecting 47 million Americans (2), it is associated with a major increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality (3). Although prolonged fasting or very low calorie fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) can ameliorate the incidence of diseases such as cancer and multiple sclerosis in mice (4-6), randomized trials to assess fasting's ability to reduce risk factors for aging and major age-related diseases have not been carried out (7-9). Prolonged fasting, in which only water is consumed for 2 or more days, reduces pro-growth signaling and activates cellular protection mechanisms in organisms ranging from single cell yeast to mammals (10). This is achieved in part by temporarily reducing glucose and circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a hormone well-studied for its role in metabolism, growth, and development, as well as for its association with aging and cancer (11-16). In fact, severe growth hormone receptor and IGF-1 deficiencies are associated with a reduced risk of cancer, diabetes and overall mortality in humans (17, 18). Mice fed periodically with the FMD show extended health-span and multi-system regeneration, reduced inflammation and cancer incidence, and enhanced cognitive performance (5). Despite its potential for disease prevention and treatment, prolonged fasting is difficult to implement in human subjects and may exacerbate pre-existing nutritional deficiencies, making it not feasible and/or safe for children, the elderly, frail individuals and even for the majority of healthy adults. Accordingly, there is a need for the development of additional diet protocols that may be useful in treating human diseases. SUMMARY Against this prior art background, a fasting mimicking diet is provided. The fasting mimicking diet (FMD) is found to be more practical and safer than fasting while providing ingredients at levels expected to enhance the effects of fasting to affect markers or risk factors for aging and diseases. The FMD is based on a diet previously tested in animals and designed to achieve effects similar to those caused by fasting on IGF-1, IGFBP1, glucose, and ketone bodies but not restricted to those (17). To prevent nutrient deficiency, the FMD provides between 3000 kJ and 4600 kJ per day, as well as high micronutrient nourishment, to each human subject (5). The safety and feasibility of this intervention had been previously evaluated in 19 study participants who consumed 3 monthly cycles of this FMD lasting 5 days each (5). In an embodiment, a fasting mimicking diet package providing daily meal portions for a predetermined number of days is provided. The fasting mimicking diet package includes a kale cracker composition, a first vegetable broth composition, a mushroom soup composition, a tomato soup composition, a quinoa-containing minestrone soup composition, a bean-containing minestrone soup composition, and a pumpkin soup composition. Characteristically, the daily meal portions are packaged into meal servings or into a total daily serving to be divided into meals. In another embodiment, another fasting mimicking diet package providing daily meal portions for a predetermined number of days is provided. The fasting mimicking diet package includes a nut-containing nutrition bar, a cocoa-containing nutrition bar, a first olive-containing composition, a kale cracker composition, a vegetable soup composition, and a first vegetable broth composition, a tea composition that includes spearmint, a energy drink composition, a micronutritional composition, and a algal oil composition. Characteristically, the daily meal portions are packaged into meal servings or into a total daily serving to be divided into meals. Advantageously, the fasting mimicking diet packages set forth herein can be used to alleviate symptoms of chemotherapy, promote cell regeneration, alleviate symptoms of aging, treat or prevent diabetes, treat or prevent metabolic disorder, treat or prevent hypertension and help prevent cancer when administered to a subject identified has having symptoms of these ailments. DRAWINGS FIG. 1A is a schematic illustration of a fasting mim