US-12616475-B2 - Powered surgical stapling device with end effector articulation

Abstract

A powered stapling device includes an adapter assembly that includes an outer tube, a shifter mechanism, an articulation gear, and a rotate gear. The rotate gear is secured to the outer tube such that rotation of the rotate gear causes rotation of the outer tube. The shifter mechanism includes a shifter shaft that supports a shifter gear. The shifter shaft is movable to move the shifter gear between a rotate position in which rotation of the articulation gear causes rotation of the rotate gear and the outer tube and an articulate position in which the shifter gear prevents or locks rotation of the rotate gear and the outer tube.

Inventors

• David A. Nicholas

Assignees

• COVIDIEN LP

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20230724

Claims (20)

1. 1 . A powered surgical device comprising: a handle assembly; and an adapter assembly defining a longitudinal axis and including: a coupling assembly having a body defining a central through bore, a second bore, and a third bore, the body non-rotatably coupled to the handle assembly; a drive assembly received within the central through bore, the drive assembly including a drive screw and a drive member threadedly coupled to the drive screw, the drive member longitudinally movable along the drive screw in response to rotation of the drive screw; a drive shaft supporting a drive gear, the drive shaft positioned within the second bore; an outer tube having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the outer tube rotatable in relation to the coupling assembly; an articulation mechanism positioned within the outer tube, the articulation mechanism including: an articulation gear engaged with the drive gear and rotatable in response to rotation of the drive gear; a barrel cam fixedly supported within the articulation gear, the barrel cam defining first and second cam channels; and a first link extension having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the proximal portion supporting a first cam member that is received in the first cam channel; and a second link extension having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the proximal portion of the second link extension supporting a second cam member that is received in the second cam channel; a rotate gear coupled to the outer tube and rotatable in relation to the body of the coupling assembly to rotate the outer tube in relation to the coupling assembly; and a shifter mechanism received within the third bore of the body of the coupling assembly and including a shifter shaft and a shifter gear secured to the shifter shaft, the shifter shaft movable between a rotate position in which the shifter gear is coupled with the articulation gear and the rotate gear and an articulate position in which the shifter gear is engaged with the rotate gear and disengaged from the articulation gear.
2. 2 . The powered surgical device of claim 1 , wherein the body of the coupling assembly of the adapter assembly defines a splined opening, the shifter gear received within the splined opening when the shifter shaft is in the articulate position to prevent rotation of the outer tube in relation to the body of the coupling assembly.
3. 3 . The powered surgical device of claim 2 , wherein the shifter mechanism includes an articulate pinion that is rotatably supported on the shifter shaft, the articulate pinion defining a splined bore, the shifter gear having a splined extension that is received within the splined bore of the articulate piston to rotatably secure the shifter gear to the articulate piston.
4. 4 . The powered surgical device of claim 3 , further including a biasing member positioned to urge the splined extension into the splined bore to couple the shifter gear to the articulate pinion.
5. 5 . The powered surgical device of claim 2 , wherein the shifter mechanism includes a splined collar that is secured within the body of the coupling assembly and defines the splined opening.
6. 6 . The powered surgical device of claim 5 , wherein the splined collar includes wings, and the body of the coupling assembly defines slots that receive the wings to prevent rotation of the splined collar in relation to the body of the coupling assembly.
7. 7 . The powered surgical device of claim 1 , further including an end effector supported on the distal portion of the outer tube.
8. 8 . The powered surgical device of claim 7 , wherein the end effector includes an anvil assembly and a cartridge assembly, the end effector movable between open and clamped positions.
9. 9 . The powered surgical device of claim 8 , wherein the end effector is secured to the distal portion of the outer tube about an articulation axis that is transverse to the longitudinal axis defined by the adapter assembly.
10. 10 . The powered surgical device of claim 9 , wherein the first and second link extensions are coupled to the end effector and movable to articulate the end effector about the articulation axis.
11. 11 . The powered surgical device of claim 10 , wherein the articulation mechanism further includes first and second articulation links, the first articulation link coupling the first link extension to the end effector and the second articulation link coupling the second link extension to the end effector.
12. 12 . The powered surgical device of claim 1 , wherein the adapter assembly further includes a rotation member supported about the proximal portion of the outer tube, the rotation member being secured to the outer tube by an attachment ring.
13. 13 . The powered surgical device of claim 12 , wherein the attachment ring includes an annular base and resilient fingers that extend from the annular base, the resilient fingers having inwardly extending tabs, and the outer tube defines spaced openings that receive the tabs.
14. 14 . The powered surgical device of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second cam members includes a rectangular body portion, a post, and a follower, the followers received within the first and second cam channels.
15. 15 . The powered surgical device of claim 14 , wherein that outer tube defines elongate slots, and each of the posts extend through one of the elongate slots such that the first and second link extensions are supported within the outer tube and the followers are positioned on an outer surface of the outer tube.
16. 16 . An adapter assembly comprising: a coupling assembly having a body defining a central through bore, a second bore, and a third bore, the body non-rotatably coupled to the handle assembly; a rotation member rotatably supported in relation to the body of the coupling assembly; a drive assembly received within the central through bore, the drive assembly including a drive screw and a drive member threadedly coupled to the drive screw, the drive member longitudinally movable along the drive screw in response to rotation of the drive screw; a drive shaft supporting a drive gear, the drive shaft positioned within the second bore; an outer tube having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the outer tube secured to the rotation member and rotatable in relation to the coupling assembly; an articulation mechanism positioned within the outer tube, the articulation mechanism including: an articulation gear engaged with the drive gear and rotatable in response to rotation of the drive gear; a barrel cam fixedly supported within the articulation gear, the barrel cam defining first and second cam channels; and a first link extension having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the proximal portion supporting a first cam member that is received in the first cam channel; and a second link extension having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the proximal portion of the second link extension supporting a second cam member that is received in the second cam channel; a rotate gear coupled to the outer tube and rotatable in relation to the body of the coupling assembly to rotate the outer tube and the rotation member in relation to the coupling assembly; and a shifter mechanism received within the third bore of the body of the coupling assembly and including a shifter shaft and a shifter gear secured to the shifter shaft, the shifter shaft movable between a rotate position in which the shifter gear is coupled with the articulation gear and the rotate gear and an articulate position in which the shifter gear is engaged with the rotate gear and disengaged from the articulation gear.
17. 17 . The adapter assembly of claim 16 , wherein the body of the coupling assembly of the adapter assembly defines a splined opening, the shifter gear received within the splined opening when the shifter shaft is in the articulate position to prevent rotation of the outer tube in relation to the body of the coupling assembly.
18. 18 . The adapter assembly of claim 17 , wherein the shifter mechanism includes an articulate pinion that is rotatably supported on the shifter shaft, the articulate pinion defining a splined bore, the shifter gear having a splined extension that is received within the splined bore of the articulate piston to rotatably secure the shifter gear to the articulate piston.
19. 19 . The adapter assembly of claim 17 , wherein the shifter mechanism includes a splined collar that is secured within the body of the coupling assembly and defines the splined opening.
20. 20 . A powered surgical device comprising: a handle assembly; and an adapter assembly defining a longitudinal axis and including: a coupling assembly having a body defining a central through bore, a second bore, and a third bore, the body non-rotatably coupled to the handle assembly; a drive assembly received within the central through bore, the drive assembly including a drive screw and a drive member threadedly coupled to the drive screw, the drive member longitudinally movable along the drive screw in response to rotation of the drive screw; a drive shaft supporting a drive gear, the drive shaft positioned within the second bore; an outer tube having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the outer tube rotatable in relation to the coupling assembly; an articulation mechanism positioned within the outer tube, the articulation mechanism including: an articulation gear engaged with the drive gear and rotatable in response to rotation of the drive gear; a barrel cam fixedly supported within the articulation gear, the barrel cam defining first and second cam channels; and a first link extension having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the proximal portion supporting a first cam member that is received in the first cam channel; and a second link extension having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the proximal portion of the second link extension supporting a second cam member that is received in the second cam channel; a rotate gear coupled to the outer tube and rotatable in relation to the body of the coupling assembly to rotate the outer tube in relation to the coupling assembly; a shifter mechanism received within the third bore of the body of the coupling assembly and including a shifter shaft and a shifter gear secured to the shifter shaft, the shifter shaft movable between a rotate position in which the shifter gear is coupled with the articulation gear and the rotate gear and an articulate position in which the shifter gear is engaged with the rotate gear and disengaged from the articulation gear; and an end effector secured to the distal portion of the adapter assembly about an articulation axis that is transverse to the longitudinal axis, the end effector including an anvil assembly and a cartridge assembly, the first and second link extensions coupled to the end effector and movable to articulate the end effector about the articulation axis.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a National Stage Application of PCT/IB2023/057501 filed Jul. 24, 2023, which claims benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/391,932 filed Jul. 25, 2022, and the disclosures of each of the above-identified applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. FIELD The disclosure relates generally to surgical devices for endoscopic use and, more specifically, to powered surgical stapling devices for endoscopic use with powered end effector articulation and rotation. BACKGROUND Various types of surgical devices used to endoscopically treat tissue are known in the art, and are commonly used, for example, for closure of tissue or organs in transection, resection, anastomoses, for occlusion of organs in thoracic and abdominal procedures, and for electrosurgically fusing or sealing tissue. One example of such a surgical device is a surgical stapling device. Typically, surgical stapling devices include a handle assembly, an adapter assembly that is coupled to the handle assembly, and an end effector that is supported on a distal end of the adapter assembly. The end effector includes an anvil assembly and a cartridge assembly for supporting an array of surgical staples. The end effector and/or the adapter assembly includes an approximation mechanism for moving the cartridge and anvil assemblies between open and clamped positions, and a firing mechanism for ejecting the surgical staples from the cartridge assembly. During laparoscopic or endoscopic surgical procedures, access to a surgical site is achieved through a small incision or through a narrow cannula inserted through a small entrance wound in a patient. Because of limited area available to access the surgical site, many endoscopic devices include mechanisms for rotating the adapter assembly and end effector in relation to the handle assembly, and for articulating the end effector of the device in relation to the adapter assembly of the device to improve access to tissue to be treated. Surgical stapling devices can be manually driven or powered. Typically, powered stapling devices include one or more motors in the handle assembly to power one or more of the functional operations of the device, e.g., approximation, firing, articulation, and rotation. Most powered devices include stationary motors in the handle assembly to power articulation. Since the adapter assembly is adapted for rotation in relation to the handle assembly and the motor for providing end effector articulation is stationary within the handle assembly, most powered stapling device designs require decoupling of the rotary motor output within the handle assembly from the linear moving shaft components within the adapter assembly to accomplish articulation and/or rotation of the end effector. These designs can be complex and/or expensive. A continuing need exists for a reliable, less complex, powered surgical stapling device with rotation and articulation capabilities. SUMMARY This disclosure is directed to a powered stapling device that includes an adapter assembly having an outer tube, a shifter mechanism, an articulation gear, and a rotate gear. The rotate gear is secured to the outer tube such that rotation of the rotate gear causes rotation of the outer tube. The shifter mechanism includes a shifter shaft that supports a shifter gear. The shifter shaft is movable to move the shifter gear between a rotate position in which rotation of the articulation gear causes rotation of the rotate gear and the outer tube and an articulate position in which the shifter gear prevents rotation of the rotate gear and the outer tube. Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a powered surgical device including a handle assembly and an adapter assembly. The adapter assembly defines a longitudinal axis and includes a coupling assembly, a drive assembly, a drive shaft, an outer tube, and an articulation mechanism. The coupling assembly has a body defining a central through bore, a second bore, and a third bore. The body is non-rotatably coupled to the handle assembly. The drive assembly is received within the central through bore and includes a drive screw and a drive member threadedly coupled to the drive screw. The drive member is longitudinally movable along the drive screw in response to rotation of the drive screw. The drive shaft supports a drive gear and is positioned within the second bore. The outer tube has a proximal portion and a distal portion and is rotatable in relation to the coupling assembly. The articulation mechanism is positioned within the outer tube and includes an articulation gear, a barrel cam, a first link extension, a second link extension, a rotate gear, and a shifter mechanism. The articulation gear is engaged with the drive gear and is rotatable in response to rotation of the drive gear. The barrel cam is fixedly supported within the articulation gear and defines first and second cam