US-12616668-B2 - Nutritional supplement containing L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine

Abstract

A nutritional supplement contains 50% to 80% by weight of trimethylglycine; 5% to 30% by weight of L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine; 5% to 15% by weight of caffeine; and 5% to 10% by weight of an ingredient selected from the group consisting of an L-amino acid, creatyl-L-leucine, Corynanthe yohimbe bark extract, theacrine, and mixtures thereof. The nutritional supplement is useful for enhancing energy, mental acuity, cognitive performance, and reaction time in a subject in need thereof.

Inventors

• Liangxi Li
• John H. Owoc

Assignees

• ENERGY BEVERAGES LLC

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20240122

Claims (13)

1. 1 . A nutritional supplement composition, comprising: a. 60% to 75% by weight of trimethylglycine; b. 10% to 20% by weight of L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine or a precursor thereof, wherein the precursor is phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, or citicoline; c. 5% to 15% by weight of caffeine; and d. 5% to 10% by weight of an ingredient selected from the group consisting of an L-amino acid, creatyl-L-leucine, Corynanthe yohimbe bark extract, theacrine, and mixtures thereof; and a carrier.
2. 2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carrier is an aqueous carrier or a solid carrier.
3. 3 . The composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition is a beverage.
4. 4 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the carrier is an aqueous carrier comprising electrolyte salts.
5. 5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ingredient contains creatyl-L-leucine.
6. 6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ingredient is an L-amino acid selected from the group consisting of methionine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, theanineand combinations thereof.
7. 7 . The composition of claim 6 , wherein the L-amino acid is L-theanine.
8. 8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ingredient is an L-amino acid selected from the group consisting of an N-alkyl derivative of asparagine, an N-alkyl derivative of glutamine, an alkyl ester of aspartic acid, an alkyl ester of glutamic acid, and combinations thereof.
9. 9 . The composition of claim 8 , wherein the ingredient contains N 5 -ethyl-Lglutamine.
10. 10 . A method of enhancing pattern recognition skills and reaction time in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of the composition of claim 1 to the subject.
11. 11 . A beverage, comprising: a. 5% to 80% by weight of trimethylglycine; b. 5% to 30% by weight of L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine; c. 5% to 15% by weight of caffeine; and d. 5% to 10% by weight of an ingredient selected from the group consisting of an L-amino acid, creatyl-L-leucine, Corynanthe yohimbe bark extract, theacrine, and mixtures thereof; and e. an aqueous carrier; wherein the weight ratio of L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine to caffeine is 1:1 to 2:1.
12. 12 . The beverage of claim 11 , wherein the aqueous carrier comprises an electrolyte salt.
13. 13 . A method of enhancing pattern recognition skills and reaction time in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of the beverage of claim 11 to the subject.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates generally to nutritional supplements for enhancing athletic performance, energy, mental acuity, and cognitive performance in a subject. More particularly, the disclosure relates nutritional supplements containing L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine. BACKGROUND Several studies have found that caffeine-containing energy drinks may enhance physical performance as well as cognitive function (Guest, 2021; Thakkar, 2022; Antonio, 2019; Magrini, 2016; Ivy, 2009; and Del Coso, 2012). A recent position stand from the International Society of Sports Nutrition states that the benefits of caffeine supplementation on exercise performance may occur when consumed in doses of 3-6 mg/kg body mass (Guest, 2021). A study consisting of 12 trained cyclists that consumed an energy drink containing 160 mg of caffeine or a placebo before a simulated cycling time trial found that subjects who consumed the energy drink improved their endurance performance (Ivy, 2009). Another study conducted on semi-professional soccer players found a caffeine-containing energy drink in a dose of 3 mg/kg of body mass increased the ability to repeatedly spring at high intensity during a simulated soccer game (Del Coso, 2012). In addition to physical performance, a recent investigation by Antonio et al. found that in healthy individuals, acute consumption of an energy drink at a caffeine dose of 4 mg/kg body mass improved cognitive function through a psychomotor vigilance test, which measured sustained attention (Antonio, 2019). Additionally, a recent study by Magrini et al. found that four ounces of Redline energy drink improved muscular endurance but did not provide any benefit over a placebo (Magrini, 2016). The compound choline is a precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is associated with memory and learning. Much of the population is deficient in choline and would benefit from choline supplementation. Choline bitartrate is the cheapest form of choline, but this salt is very ineffective at crossing the blood-brain barrier. Improved nutritional supplements which deliver readily bioavailable forms of choline and choline precursors are needed. Choline supplementation may also enhance athletic performance. Trimethylglycine (betaine anhydrous) also may enhance protein synthesis and improve body composition by reducing levels of homocysteine and homocysteine thiolactone. In view of the foregoing, it would be desirable to develop improved nutritional supplements comprising a bioavailable choline precursor and trimethylglycine. In particular, it would be desirable to create such a formulation for simultaneously improving cognitive and athletic performance. SUMMARY In light of the present need for compositions for enhancing energy, mental acuity, cognitive performance, and reaction time in subjects in need thereof, a brief summary of various exemplary embodiments is presented. Some simplifications and omissions may be made in the following summary, which is intended to highlight and introduce some aspects of the various exemplary embodiments, but not to limit the scope of the invention. Detailed descriptions of an exemplary embodiments adequate to allow those of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the inventive concepts will follow in later sections. Various embodiments disclosed herein relate to a nutritional supplement, including an effective amount of trimethylglycine, an effective amount of L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine, an effective amount of caffeine, and an effective amount of an ingredient selected from the group consisting of an L-amino acid, creatyl-L-leucine, Corynanthe yohimbe bark extract, theacrine, and mixtures thereof. In various embodiments, the ingredient contains creatyl-L-leucine. In various embodiments, the ingredient contains an L-amino acid which may be methionine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, theanine, derivatives thereof, or a combination thereof. The nutritional supplement may be combined with a carrier. The carrier may be an aqueous carrier. The carrier may be an aqueous carrier comprising electrolyte salts. A composition may be a beverage including the nutritional supplement and an aqueous carrier. Various embodiments disclosed herein relate to a nutritional supplement, including: an effective amount of trimethylglycine,an effective amount of L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine,an effective amount of caffeine, andan effective amount of an ingredient selected from the group consisting of an L-amino acid, creatyl-L-leucine, Corynanthe yohimbe bark extract, theacrine, and mixtures thereof;wherein L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine and caffeine are used in a ratio ranging from 1:1 to 2:1, from 1:1 to 4:3, or from 4:3 to 2:1. In various embodiments, the ingredient contains creatyl-L-leucine. In various embodiments, the ingredient contains an L-amino acid which may be methionine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, theanine, derivatives thereof,