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US-12617124-B2 - Homogenizing method and device for mixing cow dung granules into clay bricks

US12617124B2US 12617124 B2US12617124 B2US 12617124B2US-12617124-B2

Abstract

A pore-forming microsphere homogenizing device and method include steps of: firstly homogenizing the pore-forming microspheres made of the cow dung into the clay paste; secondly homogenizing the materials by using the kneading gear and the ejection cylinder rotating in opposite directions for kneading the clay paste while ejecting the pore-forming microspheres; and thirdly homogenizing the materials by using the telescopic kneading part and the ejection cylinder together for further kneading the clay paste while ejecting the pore-forming microspheres. With the foregoing processes, uniform and complete closed pores are uniformly distributed in the clay bricks, so that the strength of the clay bricks remains unchanged while clay usage is reduced.

Inventors

  • Pengju ZHANG
  • Lagenbaier Zha
  • Liangang Tong
  • Hehada Hu

Assignees

  • INNER MONGOLIA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
  • Inner Mongolian Grand Architecture Design CO., LTD.

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20231010
Priority Date
20230828

Claims (6)

  1. 1 . A homogenizing device for uniformly doping pore-forming microspheres into clay paste, comprising: a concave cavity housing ( 20 ), wherein the concave cavity housing ( 20 ) comprises an annular flow channel ( 21 ); a channel inlet ( 22 ) and a channel outlet ( 23 ) in connection with the flow channel ( 21 ) are arranged on the concave cavity housing ( 20 ); a paste driving part ( 30 ) for driving the clay paste to pass through the flow channel ( 21 ); and a kneading ejection part ( 40 ) rotationally coupled in coaxial line with the flow channel ( 21 ), wherein a rotating direction of the kneading ejection part ( 40 ) is opposite to a moving direction of the clay paste, thereby intermittently ejecting the pore-forming microspheres into the clay paste while kneading the clay paste.
  2. 2 . The homogenizing device, as recited in claim 1 , wherein the kneading ejection part ( 40 ) comprises a kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) and a granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ) rotating in opposite directions to each other, wherein the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ) is arranged in a cylinder cavity of the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) and rotates opposite to the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ); and a gap between the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ) and the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) is smaller than a diameter of the pore-forming microspheres.
  3. 3 . The homogenizing device, as recited in claim 2 , wherein the concave cavity housing ( 20 ) comprises a stepped sleeve ( 24 ), wherein an outer bearing seat ( 24 . 1 ) and an inner bearing seat ( 24 . 2 ) are coaxially arranged on the stepped sleeve ( 24 ); the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ) is rotatably arranged on the inner bearing seat ( 24 . 2 ), and the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) is rotatably arranged on the outer bearing seat ( 24 . 1 ); a bottom plate ( 26 ) and a cover plate ( 27 ) are respectively fastened to two ends of the stepped sleeve ( 24 ); the bottom plate ( 26 ) is provided with a first motor ( 45 ), and the cover plate ( 27 ) is mounted with a second motor ( 46 ); the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) is driven by and connected to the first motor ( 45 ), and the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ) is driven by and connected to the second motor ( 46 ).
  4. 4 . The homogenizing device, as recited in claim 2 , wherein a plurality of ejection holes ( 47 ) are arrayed on a peripheral wall the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ); the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) comprises a kneading gear ( 48 ); the kneading gear ( 48 ) has at least one ejection outlet ( 49 ) extending in a radial direction, and the ejection outlet ( 49 ) corresponds to the ejection holes ( 47 ).
  5. 5 . The homogenizing device, as recited in claim 3 , wherein the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) is provided with a plurality of sliding kneading parts ( 50 ) spaced in a circumferential direction, and the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ) rotates opposite to the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ) so that the sliding kneading parts ( 50 ) radially slide and telescopically knead to eject the pore-forming microspheres into the clay paste.
  6. 6 . The homogenizing device, as recited in claim 5 , wherein the sliding kneading parts ( 50 ) comprise a plurality of sliding holes ( 51 ) provided in the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ), and telescopic kneading teeth ( 58 ) are provided in the sliding holes ( 51 ); reset springs ( 53 ) and limiting balls ( 54 ) are arranged between the telescopic kneading teeth ( 58 ) and the sliding holes ( 51 ); the telescopic kneading teeth ( 58 ) move between extended and retracted positions in the sliding holes ( 51 ), wherein the reset springs ( 53 ) drive the telescopic kneading teeth ( 58 ) back to the retracted positions, and the limiting balls ( 54 ) restrict the telescopic kneading teeth ( 58 ) from falling out of the sliding holes ( 51 ); the telescopic kneading teeth ( 58 ) have telescopic ejection ports ( 59 ); the sliding kneading parts ( 50 ) further comprise cams ( 56 ), wherein the cams ( 56 ) are provided on a periphery of the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ); highest cam points ( 57 ) are arranged on cams corresponding to odd-numbered kneading teeth, and lowest cam points ( 52 ) are arranged on cams corresponding to even-numbered kneading teeth; when the granule ejection cylinder ( 42 ) rotates opposite to the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ), the highest cam points ( 57 ) force the odd-numbered kneading teeth to extend and knead while ejection holes ( 47 ) aim at the telescopic ejection ports ( 59 ) of telescopic kneading teeth ( 58 ), which throw out the pore-forming microspheres to telescopic ejection outlet ( 49 ), so that the pore-forming microspheres are ejected into the clay paste by the kneading gear cylinder ( 41 ); meanwhile, the reset springs ( 53 ) drive the even-numbered kneading teeth to move along the cams ( 56 ) until reaching the lowest cam points ( 52 ), so that the even-numbered kneading teeth move back to the retracted positions.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE OF RELATED APPLICATION The present invention claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(a-d) to CN 202311096495.8, filed Aug. 28, 2023. BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION Field of Invention The present invention relates to clay bricks, and more particularly to a homogenizing method and a homogenizing device for mixing cow dung granules into clay bricks. Description of Related Arts The mass production of clay bricks will inevitably consume a large amount of high-quality clay resources, and therefore attempts have been made to try to find processes and materials to reduce clay usage without reducing brick strength. As a result, people tried to reduce the cost of clay bricks in two aspects: reducing the sintering energy and reducing the clay usage. Cow dung has a stable fiber content (60% of dry cow dung), and dry cow dung such as dry cow dung granules can be used as a substitute for internal combustion coal and can be added to the bricks to reduce the clay usage. However, the density of crushed cow dung granules is lighter than that of sand or clay, and cow dung granules are fragile, so it is very difficult to uniformly mix the cow dung granules into the clay paste. In the prior art, Hongya Qinggangping Brick Machine Factory discloses a method of preparing bricks (Chinese patent CN104609836A, publication date: May 13, 2015), comprising steps of: A: crushing 55%-62% shale and 27%-32% gangue according to mass portions, and sifting to form a first mixture; B: adding 10%-15% cow dung to the first mixture, and thoroughly stirring to form an initial mixture; and C: billeting and sintering the initial mixture to obtain bricks. The bricks obtained are lighter than conventional bricks, which adopts cow dung instead of internal combustion coal to shorten the sintering time substantially relative to the conventional process, as well as effectively save the cost by 0.01 RMB per brick. However, how the cow dung is uniformly distributed in the first mixture is not disclosed. If the cow dung is concentrated in a certain place in the brick, the compressive strength of the clay brick will be greatly reduced at that place. Hefei Linuo New Materials Trade Co., Ltd. discloses a terracotta sand-based permeable brick and a production method thereof (Chinese patent CN105418141A, publication date: Mar. 23, 2016), comprising steps of: (1) drying lemon peel, livestock manure and pine needles, and carbonizing in a carbonization furnace at a temperature of 450-500° C. for 20-30 minutes without air; cooling to room temperature, then adding nano titanium dioxide and waste white mineral oil to grind for 40-50 minutes to get carbon black material I; (2) washing sugar filter mud and drying, sending to a high-speed mixer and adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium gluconate and an appropriate amount of water; performing high-speed mixing before drying; and ultrasonic grinding into powder then drying to get sugar filter mud powder II; (3) washing desert sand and drying before adding bentonite clay, terracotta and copper tailings; calcining at a high temperature of 670-700° C. and crushing to 120-140 meshes; adding the carbon black material I, the sugar filter mud powder II and other ingredients, and thoroughly mixing; milling in a ball mill for 2-3 hours, then granulating with water spray, and aging for 2 days before pressing into raw brick blanks; and (4) naturally drying the raw brick blanks, then sintering in a box-type resistance furnace at 1060-1100° C. for 1-2 hours; and naturally cooled to room temperature to finish production. The compressive strength of the sand-based permeable brick is 47.7 MPa, the water permeability coefficient is 0.087 cm/s, and the water retention is 0.756 g/cm2. The strength and flexural properties of the product are significantly improved without affecting the water permeability of the brick body, and the raw material utilization rate is high. However, because of the great density difference between carbon black material, bentonite clay, terracotta, copper tailings, and desert sand, they are not easy to be mixed. The disclosure has not been improved on how to ensure uniform mixing, and cow dung and sugar filter mud need to be carbonized during the brick making process, which together make the process complex, and increase the energy consumption. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel brick-making process, since how to uniformly mix the cow dung granules into the brick clay to reduce clay usage without reducing the clay brick strength for replacing the conventional clay bricks has become a key challenge for the breakthrough of the conventional clay brick technology. SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION In view of the above defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a homogenizing method and a homogenizing device for mixing cow dung granules into clay bricks, which can uniformly mix the cow dung granules into the clay bricks to reduce clay usage without reducing