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US-12617715-B2 - Mortar compositions

US12617715B2US 12617715 B2US12617715 B2US 12617715B2US-12617715-B2

Abstract

Mortar composition made of ingredients including an Arabic Gum, a sand, and water, which when cured may provide a composition having properties including microcracks from 20 to 500 nm wide and 0.1 to 500 um long, and granules that are bundles of 20 to 1000 microfilaments in the form of cylinders. The mortar composition may combine a useful combination of one or more features selected from initial setting time, mortar flow, compressive strength when cured, flexural strength when cured and volume of permeable voids.

Inventors

  • Muhammad Nasir
  • Walid Al-Kutti
  • A. B. M. Saiful Islam
  • Khalid Sager ALOTAIBI

Assignees

  • IMAM ABDULRAHMAN BIN FAISAL UNIVERSITY

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20230810

Claims (18)

  1. 1 . A mortar composition, comprising: an ordinary Portland cement, an Arabic Gum in the amount of 0.75% by weight of the ordinary Portland cement, a sand in the amount of from 125% to 175% by weight of the ordinary Portland cement, and water in the amount of from 30% to 50% by weight of the ordinary Portland cement; wherein the mortar composition comprises calcium (Ca) and silicon (Si), present in a Ca:Si molar ratio of 6.
  2. 2 . The mortar composition of claim 1 , wherein a cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days is porous and has a range of micropores of from 1 μm to 200 μm diameter.
  3. 3 . The mortar composition of claim 2 , wherein the cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days further has a porous structure including one or more microcracks from 20 to 500 nm wide and 0.1 to 500 μm long.
  4. 4 . The mortar composition of claim 3 , wherein the cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days further has granules of from 1 μm to 20 μm diameter comprised of bundles of 20 to 1,000 microfilaments in the form of cylinders with a length of from 0.2 μm to 5 μm.
  5. 5 . The mortar composition of claim 1 ; wherein the mortar composition has an initial setting time of 107% greater than a comparative mortar composition that is the same as the mortar composition but does not contain Arabic Gum; wherein the mortar composition has a final setting time of 106% greater than the comparative mortar composition that is the same as the mortar composition but does not contain Arabic Gum; and wherein the mortar composition has a mortar flow of 28% greater than the comparative mortar composition that is the same as the mortar composition but does not contain Arabic Gum.
  6. 6 . The mortar composition of claim 1 , wherein the mortar composition has an initial setting time of 280 min.
  7. 7 . The mortar composition of claim 1 , wherein the mortar composition has a final setting time of 320 min.
  8. 8 . The mortar composition of claim 1 , wherein and mortar composition has a mortar flow of 218 mm.
  9. 9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein a cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a compressive strength value at 56 days of 31% greater than a comparative sample obtained by curing a comparative mortar composition that is the same as the cured sample but does not contain Arabic Gum, wherein the cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a flexural strength value at 56 days of 30% greater than the comparative sample obtained by curing a comparative mortar composition that is the same as the cured sample but does not contain Arabic Gum, wherein the cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a volume of permeable voids at 56 days that is 20% less than the comparative sample obtained by curing a comparative mortar composition that is the same as the cured sample but does not contain Arabic Gum.
  10. 10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein a cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a compressive strength value at 56 days of 53 MPa.
  11. 11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein a cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a flexural strength value at 56 days of 6.5 MPa.
  12. 12 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein a cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a volume of permeable voids at 56 days of 14%.
  13. 13 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein a cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a compressive strength value at 56 days of 53 MPa, a flexural strength value at 56 days of 6.5 MPa, and a volume of permeable voids at 56 days of 14%.
  14. 14 . The mortar composition of claim 1 , wherein the mortar composition has an initial setting time of 280 min, wherein the mortar composition has a final setting time of 320 min, and wherein and mortar composition has a mortar flow of 218 mm.
  15. 15 . The mortar composition of claim 1 ; wherein the Arabic Gum comprises sodium in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8 mg, calcium in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4 g, magnesium in an amount of 5.5 to 6.0 g, potassium in an amount to 3.0 to 3.5 g, iron in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 mg, dietary fiber in an amount to 88 to 90% by weight, total ash in an amount to 2 to 4% by weight, and reducing sugar in an amount to 0.5 to 1% by weight based on a total weight of the Arabic Gum; and wherein the ordinary Portland cement comprises CaO in an amount of 64.3 to 64.8% by composition, SiO 2 in an amount of 21.5 to 22.5% by composition, Al 2 O 3 in an amount of 5.6 to 5.8% by composition, Fe 2 O 3 in an amount of 3.6 to 3.8% by composition, K 2 O in an amount of 0.25 to 0.45% by composition, MgO in an amount 1.8 to 2.3%, and Na 2 O in an amount of 0.15 to 0.25% by composition based on a total composition of the ordinary Portland cement.
  16. 16 . The mortar composition of claim 14 , wherein a cured sample obtained by curing the mortar composition for at least 2 days has a compressive strength value at 56 days of 53 MPa, a flexural strength value at 56 days of 6.5 MPa, and a volume of permeable voids at 56 days of 14%.
  17. 17 . The mortar composition of claim 16 ; wherein the Arabic Gum comprises sodium in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8 mg, calcium in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4 g, magnesium in an amount of 5.5 to 6.0 g, potassium in an amount to 3.0 to 3.5 g, iron in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 mg, dietary fiber in an amount to 88 to 90% by weight, total ash in an amount to 2 to 4% by weight, and reducing sugar in an amount to 0.5 to 1% by weight based on a total weight of the Arabic Gum; and wherein the ordinary Portland cement comprises CaO in an amount of 64.3 to 64.8% by composition, SiO 2 in an amount of 21.5 to 22.5% by composition, Al 2 O 3 in an amount of 5.6 to 5.8% by composition, Fe 2 O 3 in an amount of 3.6 to 3.8% by composition, K 2 O in an amount of 0.25 to 0.45% by composition, MgO in an amount 1.8 to 2.3%, and Na 2 O in an amount of 0.15 to 0.25% by composition based on a total composition of the ordinary Portland cement.
  18. 18 . The mortar composition of claim 14 ; wherein the Arabic Gum comprises sodium in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8 mg, calcium in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4 g, magnesium in an amount of 5.5 to 6.0 g, potassium in an amount to 3.0 to 3.5 g, iron in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 mg, dietary fiber in an amount to 88 to 90% by weight, total ash in an amount to 2 to 4% by weight, and reducing sugar in an amount to 0.5 to 1% by weight based on a total weight of the Arabic Gum; and wherein the ordinary Portland cement comprises CaO in an amount of 64.3 to 64.8% by composition, SiO 2 in an amount of 21.5 to 22.5% by composition, Al 2 O 3 in an amount of 5.6 to 5.8% by composition, Fe 2 O 3 in an amount of 3.6 to 3.8% by composition, K 2 O in an amount of 0.25 to 0.45% by composition, MgO in an amount 1.8 to 2.3%, and Na 2 O in an amount of 0.15 to 0.25% by composition based on a total composition of the ordinary Portland cement.

Description

STATEMENT REGARDING PRIOR DISCLOSURE BY THE INVENTORS Aspects of present disclosure were described in an article titled “Evolution of Arabic Gum-based green mortar towards enhancing the engineering properties-Fresh, mechanical, and microstructural investigation” published in Volume 365, Construction and Building Material on Dec. 14, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. BACKGROUND Technical Field The present disclosure is directed to a cementitious mortar composition, and more particularly, to an Arabic gum (AG)-based cementitious mortar composition, a method of preparation thereof and a cured composition obtained by curing the Arabic gum (AG)-based cementitious mortar composition. Description of the Related Prior Art The “background” description provided herein is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent described in this background section, as well as aspects of the description which may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the present invention. Modern concrete construction requires the use of varying types of chemical aids, admixtures, additives, or agents to modify properties of concrete in fresh and hardened states. According to Global Market Insights, the concrete admixture market reached $17.78 billion in 2020, and is estimated to grow to more than $26 billion by the year 2027 at a rate of 6.1% due to rising urbanization and corresponding construction boom. Concrete additives (e.g., admixtures) may include accelerators, retarders, superplasticizers, air-entraining admixtures, viscosity enhancing admixtures, water-resisting admixtures, bonding admixtures, corrosion inhibitors, water-proofing additives, shrinkage mitigating admixtures, and/or coloring agents which are being regularly employed depending on the special conditions of the infrastructural applications. However, commercially available synthetic admixtures pose various technical, environmental, and economic issues. For instance, the chemical admixtures are non-renewable oil-based polymers containing naphthalene- and melamine-based formaldehyde condensates as well as various acids- and phosphorous-based compounds, including lignosulphonates acid, citric acid, carboxylic acid, sodium gluconate, tartaric acid, and nitrile tris triphosphate. These chemical admixtures create environmental pollution from their production, may be hazardous to human health, and the water-soluble compounds in chemical admixtures may leach out and result in land pollution. Technically, some admixtures are unpredictable and may prolong the setting time of concrete; superplasticizers may cause premature stiffening, loss of workability, influence the shrinkage, or creep properties of concrete, and accelerators may cause more evolution of heat or increased risk of cracking. Economically, admixtures may require importation from other countries and are expensive such that approximately 10% of the total cost of construction may be spent during importation; they also have a shelf-life of below 1 year and are required to be stored at specific conditions. To mitigate the techno-economic and ecological threats posed by chemical admixtures, research has shifted towards incorporating sustainable and alternative admixtures sourced from agro-industrial wastes and natural minerals. Mineral admixtures have been reported successful by utilizing fly ash, silica fume, ground granulated blast furnace slag, date palm/oil fuel ashes, rice husk ash, metakaolin, sugar cane bagasse ash, cow dung ash, bentonite clay, crushed rubber, coconut/groundnut shell, stone dust, and marble powder. Likewise, several bio-based admixtures might provide comparable technical benefits to those of chemical admixtures [H. Faqe, H. Dabaghh, A. Mohammed, Natural admixture as an alternative for chemical admixture in concrete technology: A review, J. Duhok Univ. (2) (2020) 301-308]. Alternative raw materials that could be used as an admixture include cypress tree extract, extract of water hyacinth, blue gum extract, natural rubber latex, black gram, molasses, palm liquor material, albumen and yolk of hen eggs, eggshell, jaggery powder, aloe vera extract, and Opuntia Ficus-indica. Arabic Gum (AG)-E414, is a natural water-soluble solid substance of great nutritional, industrial, and economic value. AG is secreted from the stems and branches of two types of acacia trees: Acacia senegal or Acacia seyal. The AG tree is native to arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula, and approximately 500 of its species exist in sub-tropical and sub-Saharan parts of Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and America. It is a spiny tree having a trunk diameter of about 30 cm and grows up to 7-15 m in height. The Saudi company Azila Gum has planted about 15,000 hectare (ha) of Senegal acacia trees on degraded land in Dahra in the Djolof region. Accordi