US-12618119-B2 - Hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking system based on mass-energy conversion, and production control method therefor

Abstract

A hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking system based on mass-energy conversion, comprising a water electrolysis system ( 2 ). The water electrolysis system ( 2 ) is separately connected to a hydrogen storage tank ( 3 ) and an oxygen storage tank ( 4 ); a gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank ( 3 ) is connected to a hydrogen compressor ( 5 ); an outlet of the hydrogen compressor ( 5 ) is connected to a hydrogen buffer tank ( 6 ); the hydrogen buffer tank ( 6 ) is connected to a hydrogen injection valve group ( 7 ); the hydrogen injection valve group ( 7 ) is connected to a hydrogen preheating system ( 8 ); and the hydrogen preheating system ( 8 ) is connected to a tuyere of a blast furnace body ( 1 ) or a hydrogen injector at the lower portion of the furnace body.

Inventors

• Yuzhu Yang
• Xionggang LU
• Wenhe WU
• Yuwen Zhang
• Kai Zhu
• Guocheng Zhou
• Jian Li

Assignees

• CHANGLI COUNTY XINGGUO PRECISION MACHINE PARTS CO., LTD.
• SHANGHAI UNIVERSITY

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20230801

Priority Date

20220818

Claims (3)

1. 1 . A production control method for a hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking system based on energy-mass conversion, the hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking system including a blast furnace and an electrolyzed water system; the electrolyzed water system being respectively connected to a hydrogen gas storage tank and an oxygen gas storage tank; a gas outlet of the hydrogen gas storage tank being connected to a hydrogen compressor; an outlet of the hydrogen compressor being connected to a hydrogen buffer tank; the hydrogen buffer tank being connected to a hydrogen injection valve group; the hydrogen injection valve group being connected to a hydrogen pre-heating system; the hydrogen pre-heating system being connected to a tuyere of the blast furnace or a hydrogen injection device at a lower part of the blast furnace; a gas outlet of the oxygen gas storage tank being connected to an oxygen injection valve group, and the oxygen injection valve group being connected to a cold air main pipe of the blast furnace; the system also including a hydrogen injection quantity calculation and control system, and control signals of the hydrogen injection quantity calculation and control system being connected to the electrolyzed water system, the hydrogen injection valve group, and the oxygen injection valve group through signal transmission lines; the production control method comprising the steps of: starting the electrolyzed water system to transport hydrogen and oxygen obtained after electrolysis to the hydrogen gas storage tank and the oxygen gas storage tank, respectively; pressuring the hydrogen in the hydrogen gas storage tank with the hydrogen compressor and then letting the pressured hydrogen into the hydrogen buffer tank; after adjusting pressure and flow with the hydrogen injection valve group, pre-heating the hydrogen in the hydrogen pre-heating system; injecting the pre-heated hydrogen into the blast furnace through the hydrogen injection device; and after the hydrogen injection quantity calculation and control system implements a calculation formula for the economic benefit of hydrogen injection to determine the hydrogen injection quantity that maximizes the current benefit per ton of iron, synchronously controlling the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzed water system and the hydrogen injection quantity into the blast furnace through control signals; wherein the calculation formula for the economic benefit of hydrogen injection is as follows: B = M 0 - M 1000 × P M + K 0 - K 1000 × P K + η ⁢ V BF - η 0 ⁢ V BF η ⁢ V BF × P PI + ( C 0 - C ) × P CO 2 + ( E 0 - E ) - H × P H 2 ; in the formula: B: the benefit per ton of iron after hydrogen injection into the blast furnace under the current market conditions, with the unit of yuan per ton of iron (yuan/t); M 0 : the coal ratio without hydrogen injection, with the unit of kilograms per ton of iron (kg/t); M: the coal ratio with hydrogen injection, with the unit of kilograms per ton of iron (kg/t); P m : the price of the injected pulverized coal, with the unit of yuan per ton of iron (yuan/t); K 0 : the coke ratio without hydrogen injection, with the unit of kilograms per ton of iron (kg/t); K: the coke ratio with hydrogen injection, with the unit of kilograms per ton of iron (kg/t); P k : the price of the charged coke, with the unit of yuan per ton of iron (yuan/t); η 0 : the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace without hydrogen injection, with the unit of tons per cubic meter per day [t/(m 3 ·d)]; η: the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace with hydrogen injection, with the unit of tons per cubic meter per day [t/(m 3 ·d)]; VBF: the effective volume of the blast furnace, with the unit of cubic meters (m 3 ); PPI: the profit per ton of iron, with the unit of yuan per ton (yuan/t); C 0 : the direct CO 2 emission without hydrogen injection, with the unit of tons per ton of iron (t/t); C: the direct CO 2 emission with hydrogen injection, with the unit of tons per ton of iron (t/t); PCO 2 : the carbon-emission trading price, with the unit of yuan per ton of iron (yuan/t); E 0 : the operating cost of environmental protection facilities per ton of iron without hydrogen injection, with the unit of yuan per ton of iron (yuan/t); E: the operating cost of environmental protection facilities per ton of iron with hydrogen injection, with the unit of yuan per ton of iron (yuan/t); P h 2 : the production price of hydrogen, with the unit of yuan per standard cubic meter (yuan/Nm 3 ); H: the hydrogen injection volume, with the unit of standard cubic meters per ton of iron (Nm 3 /t).
2. 2 . The production control method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of: after adjusting the pressure and flow rate of the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank by the oxygen injection valve group, injecting the oxygen into the blast furnace through the cold air main pipe.
3. 3 . The production control method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyzed water system is powered by electricity generated by photovoltaic solar panels, off-peak electricity from a power grid, or wind energy.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen-rich and low-carbon smelting in blast furnaces during the iron and steel metallurgy process, and particularly to a hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking system based on energy-mass conversion and its production control method. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Coke and pulverized coal are important sources of heat and reducing agents in the blast furnace ironmaking process. Currently, the average coke ratio per ton of iron in the national ironmaking process is 355.48 kg, and the coal ratio is greater than 150 kg. However, the current global inflation pressure continues to rise, and fluctuations in the domestic and international commodity markets have intensified. In particular, the prices of blast furnace smelting raw materials such as coking coal and coke have increased significantly, which has a great impact on the production cost of the blast furnace ironmaking process. As a result, the operational difficulty of steel enterprises has further increased. At the same time, as the country has made strategic decisions in response to climate change and deployed the strategic goals of “carbon neutrality and carbon peak”, the steel industry is on the one hand faced with the constraints of the energy assessment target of “dual-control of energy consumption”. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the national carbon emission trading rules and market, steel enterprises will soon be included in the carbon emission trading market. Enterprises with high carbon emissions per unit of product will face higher costs of carbon and energy use. China is the world's largest country in the photovoltaic (PV) and wind power manufacturing industries. In recent years, the policies for the PV and wind power industries have been continuously improved, their scales have been expanding, and technologies have been advancing. This has led to a continuous decline in the cost of new energy power generation. In some regions, the cost is even lower than that of traditional energy power generation. However, due to the prominent structural contradiction between the supply side of new energy power generation and the electricity demand side, the problem of “wind and power curtailment” is severe. During the periods when new energy power generation is concentrated, the peak-shaving capacity of some local thermal power units is insufficient, which affects the safe operation of the power grid. On the other hand, this also causes the price difference between peak- and off-peak electricity to widen further. As a clean energy source, hydrogen, through the hydrogen-rich smelting technology in blast furnaces, can replace part of the carbon-based raw materials used in blast furnace smelting. This effectively reduces the carbon emissions in the ironmaking process, significantly improves the effective utilization coefficient of the blast furnace, and achieves remarkable energy-saving and carbon-reduction effects. It is of great significance to promote the transformation and upgrading of the steel industry to figure out how to use clean new-energy electricity or low-cost off-peak electricity to complete energy-mass conversion, supply non-carbon-based reducing agents and heat sources to the blast furnace. Meanwhile, by combining corresponding production control processes, optimizing the control of hydrogen production power and hydrogen injection volume, a high-efficiency and low-cost ironmaking method can be realized, thus improving the ecological and production-operation efficiency issues brought about by the coal-dominated energy structure. Therefore, technicians in this field are committed to developing a hydrogen injection process that can maximize the economic benefits in blast furnace production. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to maximize the economic benefits of blast-furnace hydrogen injection. To achieve the above-mentioned objective, the present invention first provides a hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking system based on energy-mass conversion, characterized by comprising an electrolyzed water system, which is respectively connected to a hydrogen gas storage tank and an oxygen gas storage tank; the gas outlet of the hydrogen gas storage tank is connected to a hydrogen compressor; the outlet of the hydrogen compressor is connected to a hydrogen buffer tank; the hydrogen buffer tank is connected to a hydrogen injection valve group; the hydrogen injection valve group is connected to a hydrogen pre-heating system; and the hydrogen pre-heating system is connected to the tuyere of the blast furnace body or the hydrogen injection device at the lower part of the furnace shaft. Further, the gas outlet of the oxygen gas storage tank is connected to an oxygen injection valve group, and the oxygen injection valve group is connected to the cold air main