US-12618592-B2 - Heat generation device, heat utilization system and film-like heat generation element

Abstract

A heat generating device includes: a sealed container; a tubular body provided in a hollow portion of the sealed container; a heat generating element provided on an outer surface of the tubular body and configured to generate heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen supplied to the hollow portion; and a flow path formed by an inner surface of the tubular body and through which configured to allow a fluid that exchanges heat with the heat generating element to flow. The heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, and a multilayer film provided on the base. The multilayer film has a first layer made of a hydrogen storage metal and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm, and a second layer made of a hydrogen storage metal, which is different from that of the first layer, and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm.

Inventors

• Atsushi Kobayashi
• Yasuhiro Iwamura
• Takehiko Ito
• Jirota KASAGI
• Hideki Yoshino
• SHOTARO HIRANO

Assignees

• CLEAN PLANET INC.

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20201118

Priority Date

20191119

Claims (10)

1. 1 . A heat generating device comprising: a hollow sealed container; a tubular body provided in a hollow portion formed by an inner surface of the sealed container; a heat generating element provided on an outer surface of the tubular body and configured to generate heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen contained in a hydrogen-based gas supplied to the hollow portion; and a flow path formed by an inner surface of the tubular body and through which configured to allow a fluid that exchanges heat with the heat generating element to flow, wherein the heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a proton conductor, and a multilayer film provided on the base; and the multilayer film has a first layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm, and a second layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, which is different from that of the first layer, or ceramics and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm.
2. 2 . The heat generating device according to claim 1 , further comprising: a fluid circulation unit having a circulation line that is connected to the flow path and is configured to circulate the fluid between an inside and an outside of the tubular body; a cooling unit that is provided in the circulation line and is configured to cool the fluid; a heating unit that is provided in the circulation line and is configured to heat the fluid; and a control unit that drives the cooling unit and performs temperature decrease control to decrease the temperature of the heat generating element by the cooled fluid and drives the heating unit and performs temperature increase control to increase the temperature of the heat generating element by the heated fluid.
3. 3 . The heat generating device according to claim 2 , wherein the fluid circulation unit further includes an external fluid line provided on an outer surface of the sealed container and connected to the circulation line, and through which configured to allow a part of the fluid to flow.
4. 4 . The heat generating device according to claim 1 , wherein the first layer is made of any one of Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Co, and an alloy thereof, and the second layer is made of any one of Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Co, an alloy thereof, and SiC.
5. 5 . The heat generating device according to claim 4 , wherein the multilayer film has a third layer made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or ceramics different from those of the first layer and the second layer and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm, in addition to the first layer and the second layer.
6. 6 . The heat generating device according to claim 5 , wherein the third layer is made of any one of CaO, Y 2 O 3 , TiC, LaB 6 , SrO, and BaO.
7. 7 . The heat generating device according to claim 6 , wherein the multilayer film has a fourth layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy different from those of the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm, in addition to the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer.
8. 8 . The heat generating device according to claim 7 , wherein the fourth layer is made of any one of Ni, Pd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Co, an alloy thereof, SiC, Cao, Y 2 O 3 , TiC, LaB 6 , SrO, and BaO.
9. 9 . The heat generating device according to claim 1 , wherein the base and the multilayer film have a film shape, and the heat generating element is wound around an outer surface of the tubular body.
10. 10 . A heat utilization system comprising: the heat generating device according to claim 1 ; and a fluid utilization device that utilizes the fluid heated by the heat generating element.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat generating device, a heat utilization system, and a film-shaped heat generating element. BACKGROUND ART In recent years, a heat generation phenomenon in which heat is generated by occluding and discharging hydrogen using a hydrogen storage metal or the like is reported (see, for example, NPL 1). Hydrogen can be generated from water and is thus inexhaustible and inexpensive as a resource, and does not generate a greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide and is thus clean energy. Unlike a nuclear fission reaction, the heat generation phenomenon using the hydrogen storage metal or the like is safe since there is no chain reaction. Heat generated by occluding and discharging hydrogen can be utilized as it is, and can be further utilized by being converted into electric power. Therefore, the heat is expected as an effective energy source. CITATION LIST Non Patent Literature NPL 1: A. Kitamura, A. Takahashi, K. Takahashi, R. Seto, T. Hatano, Y. Iwamura, T. Itoh, J. Kasagi, M. Nakamura, M. Uchimura, H. Takahashi, S. Sumitomo, T. Hioki, T. Motohiro, Y. Furuyama, M. Kishida, H. Matsune, “Excess heat evolution from nanocomposite samples under exposure to hydrogen isotope gases”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43 (2018) 16187-16200. SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem However, an energy source is still mainly obtained from thermal power generation or nuclear power generation. Therefore, from the viewpoint of environmental problems and energy problems, there is a demand for a novel heat utilization system and heat generating device that utilize an inexpensive, clean, and safe energy source and that have not been disclosed in the related art. Therefore, an object of the invention is to provide a novel heat generating device and heat utilization system that utilize an inexpensive, clean, and safe energy source, and a film-shaped heat generating element as an inexpensive, clean, and safe energy source. Solution to Problem A heat generating device according to the invention includes: a hollow sealed container; a tubular body provided in a hollow portion formed by an inner surface of the sealed container; a heat generating element provided on an outer surface of the tubular body and configured to generate heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen contained in a hydrogen-based gas supplied to the hollow portion; and a flow path formed by an inner surface of the tubular body and through which configured to allow a fluid that exchanges heat with the heat generating element to flow. The heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a proton conductor, and a multilayer film provided on the base. The multilayer film has a first layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm, and a second layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, which is different from that of the first layer, or ceramics and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm. A heat utilization system according to the invention includes the above-described heat generating device; and a fluid utilization device that utilizes the fluid heated by the heat generating element. A film-shaped heat generating element according to the invention includes: a film-shaped base made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a proton conductor; and a film-shaped multilayer film provided on the base. The multilayer film has a first layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm, and a second layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, which is different from that of the first layer, or ceramics and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm. Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the invention, since the heat generating element that generates heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen is utilized as an energy source, inexpensive, clean, and safe energy can be supplied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a heat generating device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cutaway perspective view showing a part of a sealed container. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sealed container. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of a fluid in the sealed container. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a heat generating element having a first layer and a second layer. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing generation of excess heat. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a heat generating device according to a second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a heat generating device according to a third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between entropy and pressure of a Rankine cycle including the heat generating device and a steam turbine according to the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a