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US-12618929-B2 - Navigational beaconing via doppler null scanning (DNS)

US12618929B2US 12618929 B2US12618929 B2US 12618929B2US-12618929-B2

Abstract

A system includes at least a receiving (Rx) and transmitting (Tx) node in relative motion, the Rx node aboard an aircraft or other vehicle. The Rx and Tx nodes include a communications interface with antenna elements and a controller including one or more processors, each node knowing own-node velocity and orientation relative to a common reference frame known to both nodes. The Rx or Tx node may be time synchronized to apply Doppler corrections associated with each node's own motions relative to the common reference frame. The system may replace, enhance, or operate as a ground-based navigational station (e.g., wherein the Tx node operates as a VOR or NDB beacon) or a vehicle-based approach or landing system (e.g., wherein the Tx node is also vehicle-based), e.g., the Rx node determining a relative bearing to the Tx node based on Doppler corrections with respect to Tx-node transmissions.

Inventors

  • James A. Stevens
  • Steven V. Schatz
  • Matthew D. Bousselot

Assignees

  • ROCKWELL COLLINS, INC.

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20230516

Claims (17)

  1. 1 . A system, comprising: a transmitter (Tx) node and a receiver (Rx) node, wherein each node of the Tx node and the Rx node comprises: a communications interface including at least one antenna element; and a controller operatively coupled to the communications interface, the controller including one or more processors, wherein the controller has information of own-node velocity and own-node orientation; wherein the Rx node is in motion relative to the Tx node; wherein each node of the Tx node and the Rx node are time synchronized to apply one or more Doppler corrections associated with said node's own motions relative to a common reference frame, the common reference frame is known to the Tx node and to the Rx node prior to the Tx node transmitting signals to the Rx node and prior to the Rx node receiving the signals from the Tx node; wherein the Tx node is configured for operation in a navigational beacon marking a target location; and wherein the Rx node is configured to determine a bearing to the Tx node based on the one or more Doppler corrections.
  2. 2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein: the Tx node is configured for operation in a ground-based navigational beacon, and the target location is a fixed location.
  3. 3 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the ground-based navigational beacon is configured for at least one of replacement of, or operation as, an Instrument Landing System (ILS) marker beacon, wherein the target location is part of a route to an airport or to a runway thereof.
  4. 4 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the ground-based navigational beacon is a Very High Frequency (VHF) Omnidirectional Range (VOR) ground station.
  5. 5 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the Rx node is further configured to determine a range between the Rx node and the Tx node.
  6. 6 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the Rx node is configured to determine the range via two-way timing and ranging (TWTR) exchange with the Tx node, based on the determined bearing.
  7. 7 . The system of claim 6 , wherein: the target location is associated with a target position relative to an absolute positioning system; and the Rx node is configured to determine a receiver position of the Rx node relative to the absolute positioning system, the receiver position based on one or more of the determined bearing, the determined range, or the target position.
  8. 8 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the ground-based navigational beacon is configured for at least one of replacement of, or operation as, a VOR/Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) ground station.
  9. 9 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the ground-based navigational beacon is configured for at least one of replacement of, or operation as, a TACtical Air Navigation (TACAN) ground station.
  10. 10 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the ground-based navigational beacon is configured for at least one of replacement of, or operation as, a VORTAC facility combining a VOR ground station and a TACAN ground station.
  11. 11 . The system of claim 1 , wherein: the Tx node is configured for use aboard a mobile platform.
  12. 12 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the Rx node is further configured to determine a range between the Rx node and the Tx node.
  13. 13 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the Rx node is configured to determine the range via two-way timing and ranging (TWTR) exchange with the Tx node, based on the determined bearing.
  14. 14 . The system of claim 13 , wherein: the target location is associated with a target position relative to an absolute positioning system; and the Rx node is configured to determine a receiver position of the Rx node relative to the absolute positioning system, the receiver position based on one or more of the determined bearing, the determined range, or the target position.
  15. 15 . The system of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the Tx node and the Rx node is configured for configured for at least one of replacement of, or operation as, at least one of: a vehicle-based TACAN system; or a vehicle-based Joint Precision Approach and Landing System (JPALS).
  16. 16 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the common reference frame is: a two-dimensional (2D) stationary common inertial reference frame; or a three-dimensional (3D) stationary common inertial reference frame.
  17. 17 . The system of claim 1 , wherein: the at least one antenna element of the Tx node comprises at least one of a directional antenna element or an omnidirectional antenna element; and wherein the at least one antenna element of the Rx node comprises at least one of a directional antenna element or an omnidirectional antenna element.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS The present application is related to and claims priority from the following US Patent Applications: (a) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/233,107, filed Apr. 16, 2021, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(b) PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US22/24653, filed Apr. 13, 2022, which claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/233,107, filed Apr. 16, 2021, all of which are incorporated by reference in its entirety;(c) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/408,156, filed Aug. 20, 2021, which claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/233,107, filed Apr. 16, 2021, all of which are incorporated by reference in its entirety;(d) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/541,703, filed Dec. 3, 2021, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety, which claims priority to:U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/408,156, filed Aug. 20, 2021, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety; andU.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/233,107, filed Apr. 16, 2021, all of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(e) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/534,061, filed Nov. 23, 2021, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(f) U.S. Patent Application No. 63/344,445, filed May 20, 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(g) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/857,920, filed Jul. 5, 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(h) U.S. Patent Application No. 63/400,138, filed Aug. 23, 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(i) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/940,898, filed Sep. 8, 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(j) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/941,907, filed Sep. 9, 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(k) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/957,881, filed Sep. 30, 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(l) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/990,491, filed Nov. 18, 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(m) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/130,285, filed Apr. 3, 2023, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety;(n) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/134,950, filed Apr. 14, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(o) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/196,807, filed May 12, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(p) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/196,912, filed May 12, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(q) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/196,931, filed May 12, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(r) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/196,765, filed May 12, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(s) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/196,944, filed May 12, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety;(t) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/196,786, filed May 12, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety; and(u) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/196,936, filed May 12, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. BACKGROUND Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANET; e.g., “mesh networks”) are known in the art as quickly deployable, self-configuring wireless networks with no pre-defined network topology. Each communications node within a MANET is presumed to be able to move freely. Additionally, each communications node within a MANET may be required to forward (relay) data packet traffic. Data packet routing and delivery within a MANET may depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the number of communications nodes within the network, communications node proximity and mobility, power requirements, network bandwidth, user traffic requirements, timing requirements, and the like. MANETs face many challenges due to the limited network awareness inherent in such highly dynamic, low-infrastructure communication systems. Given the broad ranges in variable spaces, the challenges lie in making good decisions based on such limited information. For example, in static networks with fixed topologies, protocols can propagate information throughout the network to determine the network structure, but in dynamic topologies this information quickly becomes stale and must be periodically refreshed. It has been suggested that directional systems are the future of MANETs, but the potential of this future has not as yet been fully realized. In addition to topology factors, fast-moving platforms (e.g., communications nodes moving relative to each other) experience a frequency Doppler shift (e.g., offset) due to the relative radial velocity between each set of nodes. This Doppler frequency shift often limits receive sensitivity levels which can be achieved by a node within a mobile network. Conventional MANETs may be associated with relatively slow discovery times between nodes, e.g., the time required for nodes within the MANET to discover each other, est