US-12619365-B2 - Memory controller controlling power consumption, memory system including the same, and method of operating memory controller

Abstract

Provided are a memory controller controlling power consumption, a memory system including the memory controller, and a method of operating the memory controller. The memory controller includes a write amplification factor (WAF) calculator configured to calculate a WAF value relating to a ratio of an amount of data written to the memory device to an amount of write data provided from the host, a performance controller configured to adjust performance of the write operation such that the performance of the write operation decreases, compared to a certain reference performance value, as the calculated WAF value increases, the performance controller configured to thereby control the memory device to consume power within a power range, and a command processor configured to control execution of write commands for performing the write operation, based on control by the performance controller.

Inventors

• Taegwang JO

Assignees

• SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20240813

Priority Date

20231025

Claims (19)

1. 1 . A memory controller configured to communicate with a host and control a write operation of a memory device, the memory controller comprising: a write amplification factor (WAF) calculator configured to calculate a WAF value relating to a ratio of an amount of data written to the memory device to an amount of write data provided from the host; a performance controller configured to adjust performance of the write operation such that the performance of the write operation decreases, compared to a performance value, as the calculated WAF value increases, the performance controller configured to thereby control the memory device to consume power within a power range; and a command processor configured to control execution of write commands for performing the write operation, based on control by the performance controller, wherein the performance controller is configured to reduce the performance of the write operation, compared to the performance value, in inverse proportion to the increase in the calculated WAF value.
2. 2 . The memory controller of claim 1 , wherein the command processor is configured to reduce a number of write commands executed per a time period based on the control by the performance controller.
3. 3 . The memory controller of claim 1 , wherein the performance value corresponds to a reference performance value applicable to the write operation, and the performance controller calculates a value obtained by dividing the reference performance value by the WAF value as a target performance value of the write operation, wherein, as the WAF value becomes greater than 1, the target performance value has a value less than the reference performance value.
4. 4 . The memory controller of claim 1 , wherein the memory controller is configured to control a read operation of the memory device, and the command processor is configured to control execution of read commands, wherein the performance controller is configured to adjust performance of the write operation so that the performance of the write operation decreases in response to an increase in the performance of the read operation.
5. 5 . The memory controller of claim 1 , wherein the memory controller is configured to receive write data according to a request unit from the host and program data into the memory device based on a mapping size, wherein the performance controller is configured to adjust performance of the write operation such that the performance of the write operation decreases in response to a decrease in a size of the request unit.
6. 6 . The memory controller of claim 5 , wherein the mapping size has a fixed value, and the performance controller is configured to adjust the performance of the write operation such that the performance of the write operation is reduced compared to the performance value in proportion to the decrease in the size of the request unit and in inverse proportion to the increase in the calculated WAF value.
7. 7 . The memory controller of claim 5 , wherein the memory controller is configured to communicate with a plurality of hosts, and the size of the request unit corresponds to an average value of request units of the plurality of hosts.
8. 8 . The memory controller of claim 1 , wherein the memory controller is configured to control the write operation and an erase operation of a plurality of blocks provided in the memory device, and each of the blocks includes an edge region including a first number of bits of data programmed for each memory cell and a center region including a second number of bits of data programmed for each memory cell, the first number of bits being smaller than the second number of bits, wherein the memory controller is configured to control the erase operation such that, in response to a page in the center region of a first block among the plurality of blocks being programmed, the erase operation of at least one other block is blocked, and in response to a page in the edge region of the first block is programmed, the erase operation of the at least one other block is performed.
9. 9 . The memory controller of claim 8 , wherein the memory controller is configured to control the erase operation such that the erase operation is selectively performed in response to the calculated WAF value exceeding a reference value.
10. 10 . A method of operating a memory controller that controls a memory operation of a memory device, the method comprising: calculating a write amplification factor (WAF) value relating to a ratio of an amount of data written to the memory device to an amount of write data provided from a host; reducing performance of the memory operation, compared to a performance value for the memory operation, in inverse proportion to an increase in the calculated WAF value; and adjusting execution scheduling of commands for performing the memory operation according to the reduced performance of the memory operation, wherein at least one of a data write bandwidth in a write operation or a data read bandwidth in a read operation is reduced according to the adjusted execution scheduling of commands.
11. 11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the data write bandwidth is reduced by reducing an execution frequency of a write command among the commands according to the reduced performance of the memory operation.
12. 12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the data write bandwidth is reduced with the data read bandwidth by reducing execution frequencies of a write command and a read command according to the reduced performance of the memory operation.
13. 13 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the performance value corresponds to a reference performance value applicable to the write operation, and the reducing of the performance of the memory operation includes adjusting the performance of the write operation by calculating a value obtained by dividing the reference performance value by the WAF value as a target performance value of the write operation, wherein, as the WAF value becomes greater than 1, the target performance value has a value less than the reference performance value.
14. 14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the reducing of the performance of the memory operation further includes reducing the performance of the write operation in response to an increase in performance of the read operation.
15. 15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the reducing of the performance of the memory operation includes performing calculation using information relating to the reference performance value, the calculated WAF value, information indicating the performance of the read operation, and at least one coefficient.
16. 16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the memory controller receives write data according to a request unit from the host and programs data into the memory device based on a mapping size, and the reducing of the performance of the memory operation further includes adjusting the performance of the memory operation such that the performance of the write operation is reduced in response to a decrease in a size of the request unit.
17. 17 . A memory system comprising: a memory device; and a memory controller configured to communicate with a host, control a write operation of the memory device, and including a performance controller configured to control the performance of the write operation based on a write amplification factor (WAF) value relating to a ratio of an amount of data written to the memory device to an amount of write data provided from the host, wherein the memory controller is configured to communicate write data as performance to the memory device according to a first write bandwidth based on the WAF value being calculated as a first value, and wherein the memory controller is configured to communicate write data as performance to the memory device according to a second write bandwidth less than the first write bandwidth based on the WAF value being calculated as a second value greater than the first value.
18. 18 . The memory system of claim 17 , wherein the WAF value has a value of 1 or more, a target performance value is calculated based on a result of dividing a maximum performance value applicable to the write operation by the WAF value, and the performance of the write operation is adjusted to correspond to the target performance value.
19. 19 . The memory system of claim 17 , wherein the memory device includes a plurality of blocks, and each of the blocks includes an edge region including a first number of bits of data programmed for each memory cell and a center region including a second number of bits of data programmed for each memory cell, the second number of bits of data being larger the first number of bits of data, wherein the memory controller is configured to control an erase operation such that, in response to a page in the center region of a first block among the plurality of blocks being programmed, the erase operation of at least one other block is blocked, and in response to a page in the edge region of the first block being programmed, the erase operation of the at least one other block is performed.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is based on and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-2023-00144181, filed on Oct. 25, 2023, and 10-2024-0003117, filed on Jan. 8, 2024, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. BACKGROUND The inventive concepts relate to memory controllers, memory systems including the memory controllers, and methods of operating the memory controllers, and more particularly, to memory controllers controlling power consumption, memory systems including the memory controllers, and methods of operating the memory controllers. Memory systems may be generally classified into volatile memory systems and non-volatile memory systems. The non-volatile memory retains stored data even when power supply thereto is interrupted, while the volatile memory has data deleted when power supply thereto is interrupted. The non-volatile memory may include read only memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, an optical disk, flash memory, resistive random access memory (RRAM), phase-change memory (PRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), or the like. As memory systems, solid state drives (SSDs) including the non-volatile memory have been used in many electronic devices. The memory systems may consume a large amount of power through memory operations in response to requests from hosts or background operations for internal management. Also, the memory system needs to be managed to consume power within a certain desired or maximum power due to various reasons, such as requests from the host. The power is generally managed by limiting the performance of the memory system, and thus, the performance of the memory system may deteriorate excessively. In addition, even if the memory system operates at a constant performance, power consumption may fluctuate, and as a result, power management of the memory system cannot be performed stably. SUMMARY The inventive concepts provide a memory controller, a memory system including the memory controller, and a method of operating the memory controller, by which power of the memory system is more efficiently managed and the memory system may perform memory operations with high performance while consuming power within the desired or maximum power. According to an aspect of the inventive concepts, there is provided a memory controller including a write amplification factor (WAF) calculator configured to calculate a WAF value relating to a ratio of an amount of data written to the memory device to an amount of write data provided from the host; a performance controller configured to adjust performance of the write operation such that the performance of the write operation decreases, compared to a performance value, as the calculated WAF value increases, the performance controller configured to thereby control the memory device to consume power within a power range; and a command processor configured to control execution of write commands for performing the write operation, based on control by the performance controller. According to another aspect of the inventive concepts, there is provided a method of operating a memory controller that controls a memory operation of a memory device, the method including calculating a write amplification factor (WAF) value relating to a ratio of an amount of data written to the memory device to an amount of write data provided from a host; reducing performance of the memory operation, compared to a performance value for the memory operation, in inverse proportion to an increase in the calculated WAF value; and adjusting execution scheduling of commands for performing the memory operation according to the reduced performance of the memory operation, wherein at least one of a data write bandwidth in a write operation or a data read bandwidth in a read operation is reduced according to the adjusted execution scheduling of commands. According to another aspect of the inventive concepts, there is provided a memory system including a memory device; and a memory controller configured to communicate with a host, control a write operation of the memory device, and including a performance controller configured to control the performance of the write operation based on a write amplification factor (WAF) value relating to a ratio of an amount of data written to the memory device to an amount of write data provided from the host, wherein the memory controller is configured to communicate write data as performance to the memory device according to a first write bandwidth based on the WAF value being calculated as a first value, and wherein the memory controller is configured to communicate write data as performance to the memory device according to a second write bandwidth less than the first write bandwidth based on the WAF value being calculated as a second value greater than the first value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE