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US-12620627-B2 - Battery

US12620627B2US 12620627 B2US12620627 B2US 12620627B2US-12620627-B2

Abstract

A battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution. The negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode current collector including a copper foil and a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material which including a silicon-based active material, the electrolyte solution includes lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide; and the battery satisfies following relationship: B−10A−C/10+3≥0; A is a grain size of copper foil, in a unit of μm; B is a mess percentage of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in the electrolyte solution, in a unit of wt %; C is a mass percentage of the silicon-based active material in the negative electrode active material, in a unit of wt %, and C≤50. The battery may significantly alleviate silicon negative electrode expansion while enhance the kinetic performance and cycling stability of the battery under room-temperature.

Inventors

  • Yaming QIU
  • Hai Wang
  • Suli LI

Assignees

  • ZHUHAI COSMX BATTERY CO., LTD.

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20250527
Priority Date
20240604

Claims (19)

  1. 1 . A battery, comprising a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution, wherein the negative electrode plate comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer on a surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode current collector comprises a copper foil, the negative electrode active material layer comprises a negative electrode active material, the negative electrode active material comprises a silicon-based active material, the electrolyte solution comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide; and the battery satisfies the following relationship: 0≤ B− 10 A−C/ 10+3≤14; wherein A is a grain size of the copper foil, in a unit of μm; 3≤B≤15, and B is a mass percentage of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in the electrolyte solution, in a unit of wt %; C is a mass percentage of the silicon-based active material in the negative electrode active material, in a unit of wt %, and C≤50; the silicon-based active material is silicon-carbon material; and the negative electrode active material further comprises a carbon-based active material, and the carbon-based active material comprises at least one of graphite, or soft carbon.
  2. 2 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein A≤0.75; and/or 2≤C≤50; and/or 0≤B−10A−C/10+3≤13.
  3. 3 . The battery according to claim 2 , wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises fluorinated phosphate ester, and in the electrolyte solution, a content percentage of the fluorinated phosphate ester ranges from 0.1 to 6 wt %.
  4. 4 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises a second additive, the second additive comprises at least one of nitrile compound, sulfur-containing compound, or fluorinated compound other than a fluorinated phosphate ester, and in the electrolyte solution, a content percentage of the second additive ranges from 2 to 40 wt %.
  5. 5 . The battery according to claim 4 , wherein the nitrile compound comprises at least one of 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile, adiponitrile, butanedinitrile, 1,4-dicyano-2-butene, ethylene glycol bis(propionitrile) ether, or tri(3-cyanopropyl) phosphate; and/or the sulfur-containing compound comprises at least one of 1,3-propane sultone, 1,3-propene sultone, 5-methyloxoxanthiancyclo2,2-dioxide, 2,4-butane sultone, or 1,4-butane sultone; and/or the fluorinated compound other than a fluorinated phosphate ester comprises at least one of fluorinated carbonate, fluorinated carboxylate, or fluorinated ether.
  6. 6 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated compound other than a fluorinated phosphate ester comprises at least one of fluoroethylene carbonate, fluoroethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl fluorocarbonate, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, ethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate, ethyl 2,2-difluoroacetate, or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether.
  7. 7 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises an electrolyte salt, and the electrolyte salt comprises at least one of lithium salt, sodium salt, potassium salt, aluminum salt, zinc salt, or magnesium salt.
  8. 8 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the electrolyte salt is a lithium salt, and the lithium salt comprises at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium difluorobisoxalate phosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium bisoxalate borate, lithium hexafluoroantimonate, lithium hexafluorarsenate, lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide, or lithium tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methyl.
  9. 9 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises an organic solvent, and the organic solvent comprises carbonate and/or carboxylate; and in the electrolyte solution, a content percentage of the organic solvent ranges from 30 to 80 wt %.
  10. 10 . The battery according to claim 9 , wherein the carbonate comprises at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, or ethyl methyl carbonate; and/or the carboxylate comprises at least one of propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, n-amyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, propyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, or n-butyl acetate.
  11. 11 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein a particle size Dv50 of the silicon-based active material ranges from 3 μm to 15 μm.
  12. 12 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein a particle size Dv50 of the carbon-based active material ranges from 4 μm to 20 μm.
  13. 13 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer on a surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active material layer comprises a positive active material, a conductive agent, and a binder, and the positive active material comprises a lithium-containing transition metal oxide.
  14. 14 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium-containing transition metal oxide is represented by the formula: Li 1+x Ni y Co z M m O 2 , wherein, −0.1≤x≤1; 0≤y≤1, 0≤z≤1, and 0≤m≤1; M comprises at least one of Mg, Zn, Ga, Ba, Al, Fe, Cr, Sn, V, Mn, Sc, Ti, Mo, Zr, Y, La, B, W, or Nb.
  15. 15 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the battery is a lithium-ion secondary battery.
  16. 16 . The battery according to claim 15 , wherein the battery is a wound battery or a pouch battery.
  17. 17 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein 2≤B−10A−C/10+3≤13.
  18. 18 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein 0.4≤A≤0.75, and/or 5≤C≤50.
  19. 19 . The battery according to claim 3 , wherein the fluorinated phosphate ester comprises at least one of tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate or tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410716976.2, filed on Jun. 4, 2024, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure pertains to the field of battery technologies, and specifically, to a battery. BACKGROUND With continuous advancements in technology, the demand for high-performance batteries has grown increasingly. Traditional lithium-ion batteries fail to meet the rigorous requirements of modern devices due to their limited energy density and cycle life. Consequently, the development of next-generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries has become the current research priority. Silicon-containing negative electrode lithium-ion batteries have emerged in this context. Silicon, as an abundantly available and cost-effective element, is considered as an ideal negative electrode material that can provide significantly higher energy density. However, the development of the silicon-containing negative electrode lithium-ion batteries faces multiple challenges. Chief among these challenges is the volumetric effect of silicon. That is during battery charge/discharge cycles, the volume of silicon will change significantly, and the interface film is easily damaged, thereby causing electrode fracture, accelerated electrolyte solution decomposition with cycling-induced degradation and rapid capacity deterioration and other problems. Furthermore, the electrolyte solution will also react with silicon negative electrode, which impair the kinetics of the battery, thereby resulting in inferior cycling performance of silicon negative electrode batteries. SUMMARY The objective of the present disclosure is to overcome the problem in the prior art and provide a battery that significantly improves issues associated with silicon negative electrode expansion, and exhibits enhanced room-temperature cycling performance. To achieve the above objective, the present disclosure provides a battery, the battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution, where the negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer on a surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode current collector includes a copper foil, the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, the negative electrode active material includes a silicon-based active material, the electrolyte solution includes lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide; and the battery satisfies the following relationship: B-10⁢A-C/10+3≥0;where A is a grain size of the copper foil, in a unit of m;B is a mass percentage of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in the electrolyte solution, in a unit of wt %; andC is a mass percentage of the silicon-based active material in the negative electrode active material, in a unit of wt %, and C≤50. The present disclosure provides the following advantageous effects by employing the above technical solutions. Through the synergistic effects of copper foil optimization and electrolyte solution additive optimization disclosed herein, issues caused by silicon negative electrode expansion can be effectively mitigated, including prevention of interfacial film rupture, electrode cracking, accelerated electrolyte solution consumption-deterioration cycles, and rapid capacity decay. Concurrently, it enhances the electrochemical performances of silicon negative electrodes, reduces interfacial losses, improves battery cycle life, positively impacts overall performance of the silicon-containing negative electrode batteries, boosts kinetic performance, and enhances room-temperature cycling stability. Moreover, the battery disclosed herein is capable of mitigating the lithium deposition phenomenon, thereby prolonging its lifespan. An endpoint and any value of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the exact ranges or values, and these ranges or values shall be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For a numerical range, one or more new numerical ranges may be obtained in combination with each other between endpoint values of respective ranges, between endpoint values of respective ranges and individual point values, and between individual point values, and these numerical range should be considered as specifically disclosed herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS Specific implementations of the present disclosure are described below in detail. It should be understood that the specific implementations described herein are merely used for the purposes of illustrating and explaining the present disclosure, rather than limiting the present disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technical terms used in the present disclosure have the same meaning as those conventionally understood by a person skil