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US-12620632-B2 - Ultralight, fire-extinguishing and temperature modulated current collector devices and method therefor

US12620632B2US 12620632 B2US12620632 B2US 12620632B2US-12620632-B2

Abstract

Example implementations include a current collector device with a first substantially planar metallic layer including a foil material, and a core layer including a polymer and phosphate fire retardant and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a first planar surface of the first metallic layer. Example implementations also include a method of manufacturing a core layer for a current collector device, by combining benzene and oxy dianiline at a first ratio in a solvent to form a solution, adding dianhydride to the solution at a second ratio, adding triphenyl phosphate to the solution, polymerizing the solution by heating the solution to form a polymerized solution; and forming a polymer film from the polymerized solution. Example implementations also include a temperature modulating layer including a temperature modulating material and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a second planar surface of the first core layer.

Inventors

  • Yi Cui
  • Yusheng Ye
  • Lien-yang Chou
  • Hiang Kwee Lee
  • Yayuan LIU
  • Dingchang LIN
  • Wenxiao HUANG

Assignees

  • THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20210414

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A current collector device comprising: a first substantially planar metallic layer including a foil material; and a first core layer having a first planar surface and including polymer and a fire retardant, wherein a first planar surface of the first metallic layer is disposed on the first planar surface of the first core layer, wherein the current collector device comprising the first metallic layer and the first core layer is configured to have a mass loading of as low as 1.54 mg cm −2 .
  2. 2 . The device of claim 1 , further comprising: a first electrode layer including an electrode material and disposed on a second planar surface of the first metallic layer opposite to the first planar surface of the first metallic layer.
  3. 3 . The device of claim 1 , further comprising: a second substantially planar metallic layer including the foil material and disposed on a second planar surface of the first core layer opposite to the first planar surface of the first core layer.
  4. 4 . The device of claim 3 , further comprising: a second electrode layer including the electrode material and disposed on a second planar surface of the second metallic layer opposite to the first planar surface of the second metallic layer.
  5. 5 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the first metallic layer has a thickness of 500 nm.
  6. 6 . The device of claim 3 , wherein the second metallic layer has a thickness of 500 nm.
  7. 7 . The device of claim 1 , wherein a weight percentage of the fire retardant to the polymer and the fire retardant is between 0 and 50 percent.
  8. 8 . The device of claim 7 , wherein the weight percentage of the fire retardant to the polymer and the fire retardant is 10 percent.
  9. 9 . The device of claim 7 , wherein the weight percentage of the fire retardant to the polymer and the fire retardant is 25 percent.
  10. 10 . The device of claim 7 , wherein the weight percentage of the fire retardant to the polymer and the fire retardant is 40 percent.
  11. 11 . The device of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the current collector device is between 5 and 28 μm.
  12. 12 . The device of claim 11 , wherein the thickness of the current collector device is 5 μm.
  13. 13 . The device of claim 11 , wherein the thickness of the current collector device is 9 μm.
  14. 14 . The device of claim 11 , wherein the thickness of the current collector device is 18 μm.
  15. 15 . The device of claim 11 , wherein the thickness of the current collector device is 28 μm.
  16. 16 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the foil material comprises copper.
  17. 17 . The device of claim 16 , wherein the electrode material comprises graphite.
  18. 18 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the foil material comprises aluminum.
  19. 19 . The device of claim 17 , wherein the electrode material comprises lithium cobalt oxide.
  20. 20 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises at least one of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyetheretherketone.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS This application is a National Stage Entry under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/US2021/027267, filed Apr. 14, 2021, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 63/010,379, entitled “ULTRALIGHT, FIRE-EXTINGUISHING AND TEMPERATURE MODULATED CURRENT COLLECTOR FOR HIGHER-ENERGY AND SAFER LITHIUM ION BATTERIES,” filed Apr. 15, 2020, the contents of all such applications being hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety and for all purposes as if completely and fully set forth herein. STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT SPONSORED RESEARCH This invention was made with Government support under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 awarded by the Department of Energy. The Government has certain rights in the invention. TECHNICAL FIELD The present implementations relate generally to battery devices, and more particularly to ultralight, fire-extinguishing and temperature modulated current collector devices. BACKGROUND Lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology is or could be valuable to modern human civilization, including portable electronics, electric vehicles, and grid energy storage. The rapid development of smart devices increases the need for LIB with higher energy capacity and safety characteristics. However, conventional systems are hindered by, variously, poor mechanical behavior, a need for additional electrolytes, high cost, poor scalability, and chemical instability. Thus, in conventional systems, battery energy remains limited due to a lack of lightweight and robust current collector devices. SUMMARY Example implementations include a current collector device with a first substantially planar metallic layer including a foil material, and a core layer including a polymer and phosphate fire retardant and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a first planar surface of the first metallic layer. Example implementations also include a device with a first electrode layer including an electrode material and disposed on a second planar surface of the first metallic layer opposite to the first planar surface of the first metallic layer. Example implementations also include a device with a second substantially planar metallic layer including the foil material and disposed by a planar surface thereof on a second planar surface of the core layer opposite to the first planar surface of the core layer. Example implementations also include a device with a second electrode layer including the electrode material and disposed on a second planar surface of the second metallic layer opposite to the first planar surface of the second metallic layer. Example implementations also include a device where the first metallic layer has a thickness of 500 nm. Example implementations also include a device where the second metallic layer has a thickness of 500 nm. Example implementations also include a device where a weight percentage of triphenyl phosphate to polyimide and triphenyl phosphate is between 0 and 50 percent. Example implementations also include a device where the weight percentage of triphenyl phosphate to polyimide and triphenyl phosphate is 10 percent. Example implementations also include a device where the weight percentage of triphenyl phosphate to polyimide and triphenyl phosphate is 25 percent. Example implementations also include a device where the weight percentage of triphenyl phosphate to polyimide and triphenyl phosphate is 40 percent. Example implementations also include a device where a thickness of the current collector device is between 5 and 28 μm. Example implementations also include a device where the thickness of the current collector device is 5 μm. Example implementations also include a device where the thickness of the current collector device is 9 μm. Example implementations also include a device where the thickness of the current collector device is 18 μm. Example implementations also include a device where the thickness of the current collector device is 28 μm. Example implementations also include a device where the foil material comprises copper. Example implementations also include a device where the electrode material comprises graphite. Example implementations also include a device where the foil material comprises aluminum. Example implementations also include a device where the electrode material comprises lithium cobalt oxide. Example implementations also include a device with a temperature modulating layer including a temperature modulating material and disposed by a first planar surface thereof on a second planar surface of the first core layer. Example implementations also include a device with a second core layer including polyimide and triphenyl phosphate, where the temperature modulating layer is disposed by a second planar surface thereof on a first planar surface of the second core layer. Example implementations also include a device where the temperature modulating material comprises nickel. Example implem