US-12620641-B2 - Battery management apparatus and method

US12620641B2US 12620641 B2US12620641 B2US 12620641B2US-12620641-B2

Abstract

A battery management apparatus includes: a measuring unit to measure voltage and capacity of a battery cell; a profile generating unit to generate a battery profile representing a correspondence between the voltage and the capacity measured by the measuring unit and generate a positive electrode profile of the battery cell based on the generated battery profile and a reference negative electrode profile and a reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell; and a control unit configured to receive the generated positive electrode profile from the profile generating unit, derive a conversion function representing conversion information from the reference positive electrode profile to the generated positive electrode profile, generate a positive electrode prediction profile for the battery cell from the reference positive electrode profile based on the derived conversion function, and generate a battery prediction profile for the battery cell based on the generated positive electrode prediction profile.

Inventors

Du-Seong Yoon
Dong-Wook KOH
Jin-hyung Lim
Gwang-Hoon JUN
Jeong-Mi CHOI
Yoon-Jung Bae

Assignees

LG ENERGY SOLUTION, LTD.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20210623
Priority Date: 20200904

Claims (13)

1 . A battery management apparatus, comprising: a measuring circuit configured to measure voltage and capacity of a battery cell; a profile generator configured to generate a battery profile representing a correspondence between the voltage and the capacity measured by the measuring circuit, to generate a positive electrode profile of the battery cell based on the generated battery profile, and to generate a reference negative electrode profile and a reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell; and a controller configured to receive the generated positive electrode profile from the profile generator, to derive a conversion function representing conversion information from a reference positive electrode profile preset for the battery cell to the generated positive electrode profile, to generate a positive electrode prediction profile for the battery cell from the reference positive electrode profile based on the derived conversion function, and to generate a battery prediction profile for the battery cell based on the generated positive electrode prediction profile.
2 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the profile generator is further configured to convert the battery profile into a battery differential profile representing a correspondence between the capacity and a differential voltage for the capacity, to adjust the reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell to correspond to the battery differential profile, to adjust the reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential profile, and to generate the positive electrode profile based on the adjusted negative electrode profile and the battery profile.
3 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the profile generator is further configured to determine a plurality of reference peaks in the battery differential profile and to adjust the reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell such that a capacity of a plurality of target peaks preset in the reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell becomes identical to a capacity of a corresponding reference peak.
4 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the profile generator is further configured to adjust the reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell by adjusting an offset corresponding to a minimum capacity of the reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell and a scale representing an entire capacity region of the reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell.
5 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the profile generator is further configured to adjust the reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential profile by applying change information of the offset and the scale for the adjusted negative electrode differential profile to the reference negative electrode profile.
6 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the controller is further configured to generate the battery prediction profile by calculating a difference between a voltage of the positive electrode prediction profile and a voltage of the adjusted negative electrode profile for the same capacity.
7 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to generate the battery prediction profile by calculating a difference between a voltage of the positive electrode prediction profile and a voltage of the reference negative electrode profile for the same capacity.
8 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the conversion function is configured to convert a voltage per capacity of the reference positive electrode profile into a voltage per capacity of the generated positive electrode profile, for the same capacity.
9 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein, if the conversion function is provided in plurality, the controller is further configured to derive a conversion prediction function based on a voltage change amount per capacity between the plurality of conversion functions and generate the positive electrode prediction profile by applying the derived conversion prediction function to the reference positive electrode profile.
10 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the controller is further configured to derive the conversion prediction function for a target point and to generate the positive electrode prediction profile for the target point by applying the derived conversion prediction function to the reference positive electrode profile.
11 . The battery management apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the profile generator is further configured to generate the battery profile and generate the positive electrode profile at every preset cycle, and wherein the controller is further configured to derive a conversion function between each of a plurality of positive electrode profiles generated by the profile generator until a current cycle and the reference positive electrode profile, to derive the conversion prediction function based on the plurality of derived conversion functions, to generate the positive electrode prediction profile by using the derived conversion prediction function and the reference positive electrode profile until a next cycle arrives, and then to generate the battery prediction profile.
12 . A battery pack, comprising the battery management apparatus according to claim 1 .
13 . A battery management method, comprising: measuring voltage and capacity of a battery cell; generating a battery profile representing a correspondence between the measured voltage and the measured capacity of the battery cell; generating a positive electrode profile of the battery cell based on the generated battery profile and generating a reference negative electrode profile and a reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell; deriving a conversion function representing conversion information from a reference positive electrode profile preset for the battery cell to the generated positive electrode profile; generating a positive electrode prediction profile for the battery cell from the reference positive electrode profile based on the derived conversion function; and generating a battery prediction profile for the battery cell based on the generated positive electrode prediction profile.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0113290 filed on Sep. 4, 2020 in the Republic of Korea, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. The present disclosure relates to a battery management apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a battery management apparatus and method for generating a positive electrode profile and a battery profile for a battery cell in a non-destructive manner. BACKGROUND ART Recently, the demand for portable electronic products such as notebook computers, video cameras and portable telephones has increased sharply, and electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites and the like have been developed in earnest. Accordingly, high-performance batteries allowing repeated charging and discharging are being actively studied. Batteries commercially available at present include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries and the like. Among them, the lithium batteries are in the limelight since they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries and also have very low self-charging rate and high energy density. Since the battery cell is degraded as it is used, in order to accurately estimate the state of charge (SOC) and/or state of health (SOH) for the degraded battery cell, various profiles are required for analyzing the degree of degradation of the battery cell. For example, when a battery profile, a positive electrode profile, and a negative electrode profile for a battery cell are provided, the degree of degradation of the battery cell may be analyzed most accurately. Conventionally, in order to obtain a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile of a battery cell, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are disassembled from the battery cell, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are washed, and then a positive electrode half-cell and a negative electrode half-cell are reassembled so that a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile are respectively obtained from the reassembled positive and negative electrode half-cells through an experimental method such as a 3-electrode system. It took a considerable amount of time to obtain a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile through this process, and in particular, there is a problem in that the battery cell is exposed to the risk of explosion when the battery cell is disassembled. Therefore, it is required to develop a technology for obtaining a negative electrode profile and/or a positive electrode profile of a battery cell in a rapid and non-destructive manner. Further, in order to analyze the degree of degradation of battery cells, technology development is also required to acquire a future battery profile in a non-destructive manner. Disclosure Technical Problem The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems of the related art, and therefore the present disclosure is directed to providing a battery management apparatus and method, which may obtain a positive electrode profile by suitably adjusting a preset negative electrode profile and obtain a battery profile based on the obtained positive electrode profile. These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure may be understood from the following detailed description and will become more fully apparent from the example embodiments of the present disclosure. Also, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized by the means shown in the appended claims and combinations thereof. Technical Solution In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery management apparatus, comprising: a measuring unit configured to measure voltage and capacity of a battery cell; a profile generating unit configured to generate a battery profile representing a correspondence between the voltage and the capacity measured by the measuring unit and generate a positive electrode profile of the battery cell based on the generated battery profile and a reference negative electrode profile and a reference negative electrode differential profile preset for the battery cell; and a control unit configured to receive the generated positive electrode profile from the profile generating unit, derive a conversion function representing conversion information from the reference positive electrode profile preset for the battery cell to the generated positive electrode profile, generate a positive electrode prediction profile for the battery cell from the reference positive electrode profile based on the derived conversion function, and generate a battery prediction profile for the battery cell based on the generated positive electrode prediction profile. The profile generating unit may be configured to convert the battery profile into a battery differential profile representing a correspondenc