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US-12620713-B2 - Patch antenna and antenna device

US12620713B2US 12620713 B2US12620713 B2US 12620713B2US-12620713-B2

Abstract

A patch antenna includes: a first element; and a second element located so as to face the first element, wherein the first element includes a first main body portion facing the second element, and at least one first bent portion extending from the first main body portion toward the second element, and a wave source is generated between the second element and the first bent portion.

Inventors

  • Yuki Takayama
  • Bunpei HARA

Assignees

  • YOKOWO CO., LTD.

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20220907
Priority Date
20210922

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A patch antenna comprising: a first element; and a second element located so as to face the first element, wherein the first element includes: a first main body portion facing the second element, and at least one first bent portion extending from the first main body portion toward the second element, and a wave source is generated between the second element and the first bent portion, wherein the second element includes: a second main body portion facing the first main body portion of the first element, and at least one second bent portion extending from the second main body portion and facing the at least one first bent portion.
  2. 2 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the first element includes two first bent portions, and the two first bent portions are located so as to face each other.
  3. 3 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the second element includes two second bent portions, and the two second bent portions are located so as to face each other.
  4. 4 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , wherein an electrical length of the second element is a quarter or more and a half or less of a wavelength of a frequency supported by the patch antenna.
  5. 5 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , wherein an electrical length of the first element is longer than an electrical length of the second element, and a difference between the electrical length of the first element and the electrical length of the second element is one-sixteenth or more and a quarter or less of a wavelength of a frequency supported by the patch antenna.
  6. 6 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , wherein a distance between the first element and the second element is a quarter or less of a wavelength of a frequency supported by the patch antenna.
  7. 7 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first element or the second element includes at least one slit.
  8. 8 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , further comprising a dielectric between the first element and the second element.
  9. 9 . The patch antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the first bent portion extends from the first main body portion toward the second element.
  10. 10 . An antenna device comprising: the patch antenna according to claim 1 , and a substrate located so as to sandwich the first main body portion of the first element between the substrate and the second element.
  11. 11 . The antenna device according to claim 10 , wherein the substrate includes a mounting part to which a feeder is to be mounted, the first element includes an outer conductor connection portion to which an outer conductor of the feeder is to be connected, the second element includes an inner conductor connection portion that is formed so as to protrude toward the first element and is inserted into a through hole formed in the first element, and an end part of the inner conductor connection portion is connected to an inner conductor of the feeder.
  12. 12 . A patch antenna comprising: a first element; and a second element located so as to face the first element, wherein the first element includes: a first main body portion facing the second element, and at least one first bent portion extending from the first main body portion toward the second element, and a wave source is generated between the second element and the first bent portion, wherein each shape of the first element and the second element is a quadrangle in plan view, comprising a long side and a short side, and wherein the length of the short side of the first element is equal to the length of the short side of the second element.
  13. 13 . The patch antenna according to claim 12 , wherein the first element includes two first bent portions, and the two first bent portions are located so as to face each other.
  14. 14 . The patch antenna according to claim 12 , wherein the second element includes: a second main body portion facing the first main body portion of the first element, and at least one second bent portion extending from the second main body portion and facing the at least one first bent portion.
  15. 15 . The patch antenna according to claim 14 , wherein the second element includes two second bent portions, and the two second bent portions are located so as to face each other.
  16. 16 . The patch antenna according to claim 12 , wherein an electrical length of the second element is a quarter or more and a half or less of a wavelength of a frequency supported by the patch antenna.
  17. 17 . The patch antenna according to claim 12 , wherein an electrical length of the first element is longer than an electrical length of the second element, and a difference between the electrical length of the first element and the electrical length of the second element is one-sixteenth or more and a quarter or less of a wavelength of a frequency supported by the patch antenna.
  18. 18 . The patch antenna according to claim 12 , wherein a distance between the first element and the second element is a quarter or less of a wavelength of a frequency supported by the patch antenna.
  19. 19 . The patch antenna according to claim 12 , wherein at least one of the first element or the second element includes at least one slit.
  20. 20 . The patch antenna according to claim 12 , further comprising a dielectric between the first element and the second element.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS The present application is based on PCT filing PCT/JP2022/033526, filed Sep. 7, 2022, which claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-153829, filed Sep. 22, 2021, the contents of each are hereby incorporated by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to a patch antenna and an antenna device. BACKGROUND ART PTL1 discloses a patch antenna including a ground conductor and a radiating element that are both formed of plate-shaped members. CITATION LIST Patent Literature [PTL 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-42109 SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem The patch antenna described in PTL 1 is an antenna in which the direction normal to the plate surface of the radiating element is the direction of radiation, and the antenna has a high directivity in this direction of radiation. However, if the area of the plate surface of the ground conductor is reduced in order to downsize the patch antenna, radio waves may be emitted in the direction opposite to the direction of radiation as well, resulting in the reduction in the gain in the direction of radiation. An example of an object of the present disclosure is to downsize a patch antenna and suppress reduction in the gain in the direction of radiation. Other objects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the present specification given herein. Solution to Problem An aspect of the present disclosure is a patch antenna comprising: a first element; and a second element located so as to face the first element, wherein the first element includes a first main body portion facing the second element, and at least one first bent portion extending from the first main body portion toward the second element, and a wave source is generated between the second element and the first bent portion. According to an aspect described above of the present disclosure, it is possible to downsize a patch antenna and suppress the reduction in the gain in the direction of radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a patch antenna 10 of a first embodiment. FIG. 2A is a side view of a patch antenna 10 of a first embodiment. FIG. 2B is a front view of a patch antenna 10 of a first embodiment. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a patch antenna 10A of a comparative example. FIG. 3B is a side view of a patch antenna 10A of a comparative example. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a patch antenna 10B of a first modification example. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a patch antenna 10C of a second modification example. FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a patch antenna 10D of a second embodiment. FIG. 6B is a side view of a patch antenna 10D of a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a patch antenna 10E of a third embodiment. FIG. 8A is a side view of a patch antenna 10E of a third embodiment. FIG. 8B is a front view of a patch antenna 10E of a third embodiment. FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram illustrating various dimensions of a side surface of a patch antenna 10E according to a third embodiment. FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram illustrating various dimensions of a front surface of a patch antenna 10E according to a third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics of VSWR of a patch antenna 10E. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating directivity in a YZ plane of a patch antenna 10E. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an electrical length L2 of a radiating element 30E and the maximum gain in a YZ plane. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the maximum gain in a YZ plane and a difference X between an electrical length L1 of a ground conductor 20 and an electrical length L2 of a radiating element 30E. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a main lobe angle and a distance D between a ground conductor 20 and a radiating element 30E. FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an antenna device 60. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna device 60 taken along an A-A plane. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS At least following matters will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The same or equivalent components, members, and the like illustrated in the drawings are given the same reference numerals, and an overlapping description is omitted as appropriate. ==Patch Antenna 10== <<Overview of Patch Antenna 10 of First Embodiment>> First, an overview of a patch antenna 10 of a first embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 2B. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the patch antenna 10 of the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is a side view of the patch antenna 10 of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a front view of the patch antenna 10 of the first embodiment. <<Definition of Directions and the Like>> In the following, as given