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US-12622126-B2 - Solar cell and method for producing solar cell

US12622126B2US 12622126 B2US12622126 B2US 12622126B2US-12622126-B2

Abstract

A solar cell according to the present disclosure includes a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode in this order. The photoelectric conversion layer comprises a perovskite compound comprising a first metal element and a second metal element, a first compound comprising the first metal element and a first amine material having two or more carbon atoms, and a second compound comprising the second metal element and a second amine material having two or more carbon atoms.

Inventors

  • Akio Matsushita

Assignees

  • PANASONIC HOLDINGS CORPORATION

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20231021
Priority Date
20210521

Claims (9)

  1. 1 . A solar cell comprising: a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode in this order, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer comprises a perovskite compound comprising a first metal element and a second metal element different from the first metal element, a first compound consisting of the first metal element and a first amine material having two or more carbon atoms, and a second compound consisting of the second metal element and a second amine material having two or more carbon atoms.
  2. 2 . The solar cell according to claim 1 , wherein the photoelectric conversion layer has, on a face opposite the second electrode, a surface region containing the first compound and the second compound.
  3. 3 . The solar cell according to claim 1 , further comprising an electron transport layer, wherein the electron transport layer is disposed between the photoelectric conversion layer and the second electrode.
  4. 4 . The solar cell according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal element is lead, and the second metal element is tin.
  5. 5 . The solar cell according to claim 1 , wherein the first amine material is ethylenediamine, and the second amine material is ethylenediamine.
  6. 6 . The solar cell according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal element is a divalent metal element, and the second metal element is a divalent metal element.
  7. 7 . The solar cell according to claim 1 , wherein the first amine material is at least one selected from the group consisting of n-butylamine, phenethylamine, and ethylenediamine, and the second amine material is at least one selected from the group consisting of n-butylamine, phenethylamine, and ethylenediamine.
  8. 8 . A method for producing a solar cell, comprising: (A) forming a precursor of a photoelectric conversion layer containing a perovskite compound containing a first metal element and a second metal element different from the first metal element, and (B) forming a photoelectric conversion layer by coating the precursor of the photoelectric conversion layer with a solution containing an amine material having two or more carbon atoms so as to form a compound consisting of: the first metal element and the amine material, or the second metal element and the amine material.
  9. 9 . The method according to claim 8 , wherein the amine material is at least one selected from the group consisting of n-butylamine, phenethylamine, and ethylenediamine.

Description

BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field The present disclosure relates to a solar cell and a method for producing a solar cell. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, solar cells in which a halide having a perovskite-type crystal structure or a structure similar thereto (hereafter referred to as “perovskite compound”) is used as a photoelectric conversion material (hereafter referred to as “perovskite solar cell”) have been researched and developed. Julian Burschka et al., “Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite-sensitized solar cells”, Nature, vol. 499, pp. 316-319, 2013 discloses a perovskite solar cell in which a perovskite compound denoted by CH3NH3PbI3 (hereafter referred to as “MAPbI3”) is used as a photoelectric conversion material, TiO2 is used as an electron transport material, and Spiro-OMeTAD is used as a hole transport material. Yuhei Ogomi et al., “CH3NH3SnxPb(1-x)I3 Perovskite Solar Cells Covering up to 1060 nm”, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, vol 5, pp. 1004-1011, 2014 discloses a solar cell in which the band gap of a photoelectric conversion material of less than or equal to 1.3 eV is realized by using a complex perovskite material including two divalent cations of tin and lead. SUMMARY One non-limiting and exemplary embodiment provides a solar cell having a configuration suitable for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency with respect to a perovskite solar cell using a complex perovskite material. In one general aspect, the techniques disclosed here feature a solar cell including a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode in this order, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer contains a perovskite compound containing a first metal element and a second metal element, a first compound containing the first metal element and a first amine material having two or more carbon atoms, and a second compound containing the second metal element and a second amine material having two or more carbon atoms. The present disclosure provides a solar cell having a configuration suitable for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency with respect to a perovskite solar cell using a complex perovskite material. It should be noted that general or specific embodiments may be implemented as a system, a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, a storage medium, or any selective combination thereof. Additional benefits and advantages of the disclosed embodiments will become apparent from the specification and drawings. The benefits and/or advantages may be individually obtained by the various embodiments and features of the specification and drawings, which need not all be provided in order to obtain one or more of such benefits and/or advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating a solar cell 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating a solar cell 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the current-voltage characteristics of solar cells according to Example 1 and Comparative example 1; FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating plots of open-circuit voltages of solar cells according to Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative example 1; and FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating X-ray diffraction patterns of photoelectric conversion layers constituting the solar cells according to Example 1 and Comparative example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS Definition of Term A term “perovskite compound” used in the present specification means a perovskite crystal structure denoted by a chemical formula ABX3 or a structure having a crystal similar to the perovskite crystal. Herein, A represents a monovalent cation, B represents a divalent cation, and X represents a halogen anion. A term “complex perovskite compound” used in the present specification means a perovskite compound denoted by the above-described chemical formula ABX3 where B includes two or more types of divalent cations. As an example, “tin-lead complex perovskite compound” means a perovskite compound including both tin and lead as divalent cations. Underlying Knowledge Forming Basis of the Present Disclosure A tandem solar cell is a solar cell in which a plurality of photoelectric conversion materials having band gaps that differ from each other are stacked. The tandem solar cell can absorb the light in a wider band compared with a solar cell including a single photoelectric conversion material, and a solar cell having a high conversion efficiency can be realized. When a perovskite compound is used in the tandem solar cell, in a common structure, a solar cell including a perovskite compound having a wide band gap (having a band gap of, for example, greater than 1.7 eV) (that is, “top cell”) and a solar cell including a perovskite compound having a narrow band gap (having a band gap of, for example, less than 1.3 eV) (that is, bottom cell) are stacked.