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US-12623195-B2 - Pressure vessel system

US12623195B2US 12623195 B2US12623195 B2US 12623195B2US-12623195-B2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel system ( 1 ), comprising: —a pressure vessel ( 2 ) having a reaction chamber ( 3 ) in the form of a pressure chamber for initiating and/or promoting chemical and/or physical pressurized reactions of samples (P) received in the reaction chamber ( 3 ); and—a rail ( 50 ), which is rigidly connected to one pail of the pressure vessel ( 2 ) and has a first connection point ( 51 ) for admitting fluid, a second connection point ( 52 ) for discharging fluid and a fluid line ( 53 ), which fluidically connects the first connection point ( 51 ) to the second connection point ( 52 ), the fluid line ( 53 ) being fluidically connected to the reaction chamber ( 3 ) via the second connection point ( 52 ), and the rail ( 50 ) comprising at least one third connection point ( 55 ), which is fluidically connected to the fluid line ( 53 ) and can be connected to a device ( 56 ) such that the device ( 56 ) is fluidically connected to the fluid line ( 53 ) and thus to the reaction chamber ( 3 ).

Inventors

  • Werner Lautenschläger

Assignees

  • MLS MIKROWELLEN-LABOR-SYSTEME GMBH
  • MIKROWELLEN LABOR TECHNIK AG

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20200221
Priority Date
20190221

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A pressure vessel system ( 1 ) comprising: a pressure vessel ( 2 ) having a reaction chamber ( 3 ) as a pressure space for initiating and/or promoting chemical and/or physical pressure reactions of samples (P) accommodated in the reaction chamber ( 3 ), and a rigid rail ( 50 ) which is rigidly connected to a part of the pressure vessel ( 2 ) and has a first connection ( 51 ) to a fluid inlet, a second connection ( 52 ) to a fluid outlet and a fluid conduit ( 53 ) which fluidically connects the first connection ( 51 ) to the second connection ( 52 ), wherein the fluid conduit ( 53 ) is fluidically connected to the reaction chamber ( 3 ) via the second connection ( 52 ), wherein the rail ( 50 ) has at least one third connection ( 55 ) which is fluidically connected to the fluid conduit ( 53 ) and can be connected to a device ( 56 ), so that the device ( 56 ) is fluidically connected to the fluid conduit ( 53 ) and thus to the reaction chamber ( 3 ), wherein the fluid conduit is provided integrally with the rigid rail, wherein the pressure vessel ( 2 ) has a lid ( 5 ) which can be moved between an open position, in which the reaction chamber ( 3 ) is open, and a closed position, in which the reaction chamber ( 3 ) is closed, and wherein the rail ( 50 ) is rigidly connected to the lid ( 5 ), wherein the rail ( 50 ) is configured and connected to the lid ( 5 ) in such a way that the lid ( 5 ) can be moved between the open position and the closed position by moving the rail ( 50 ), and wherein the rail ( 50 ) is configured and connected to the lid ( 5 ) in such a way that the lid ( 5 ) can be moved between the open position and the closed position by vertically moving the rail ( 50 ).
  2. 2 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a transport device ( 60 ) for moving or raising and lowering the rail ( 50 ) and thus for moving the lid ( 5 ) between the open position and the closed position.
  3. 3 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the rail ( 50 ) has a fastening region ( 57 ) via which the rail ( 50 ) is fastened to the transport device ( 60 ).
  4. 4 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the rail ( 50 ) can be moved relative to the transport device ( 60 ) or an axis and wherein the pressure vessel system ( 1 ) has a sensor which is able to recognize the closed position of the lid ( 5 ) on the basis of a relative movement of the rail ( 50 ) relative to the transport device ( 60 ) and relative to the axis, wherein the relative movement is brought about by moving the lid ( 5 ) into the closed position.
  5. 5 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the sensor is able to measure a contact pressure force of the lid ( 5 ) due to the relative movement for closing the reaction chamber ( 3 ) in the closed position and recognize the closed position as soon as the contact pressure force exceeds a defined threshold contact pressure force.
  6. 6 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising a control device for controlling the device ( 56 ) fluidically connected to the rail ( 50 ) and/or for controlling the movement of the rail ( 50 ).
  7. 7 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the control device is configured for introducing a fluid via the first connection ( 51 ) into the fluid conduit ( 53 ) in order to flush the fluid conduit ( 53 ).
  8. 8 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising a valve ( 56 a ) connected to the at least one third connection ( 55 ), wherein the control device is configured for opening the valve ( 56 a ) before flushing, so that a pressure prevailing in the reaction chamber ( 3 ) is reduced.
  9. 9 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one third connection ( 55 ) is integral with the rail.
  10. 10 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one third connection ( 55 ) has a fastening structure.
  11. 11 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one third connection ( 55 ) is configured for connecting the device ( 56 ) to the rail ( 50 ) in an assembly direction, wherein the assembly direction is essentially perpendicular to a flow direction of the fluid conduit ( 53 ).
  12. 12 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 comprising at least two third connections ( 55 ).
  13. 13 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first connection ( 51 ) can be fluidically connected to a compressor ( 70 ).
  14. 14 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 13 , further comprising a nonreturn valve ( 75 ) which is provided upstream of the first connection ( 51 ) and is able to block flow from the first connection ( 51 ) in the direction of the compressor ( 70 ).
  15. 15 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 14 , further comprising a buffer ( 76 ) which is provided upstream of the first connection ( 51 ) and has a defined intrinsic volume for buffering fluid flowing out of the compressor ( 70 ) in the direction of the first connection ( 51 ).
  16. 16 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the buffer ( 76 ) has a filter for filtering fluid flowing out from the compressor ( 70 ) in the direction of the first connection ( 51 ).
  17. 17 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 15 , further comprising a further nonreturn valve ( 77 ) provided upstream of the buffer ( 76 ), wherein the further nonreturn valve ( 77 ) is able to block flow from the buffer ( 76 ) in the direction of the compressor ( 70 ).
  18. 18 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rail ( 50 ) is made of a high-pressure-resistant material and/or wherein the rail ( 50 ) is made of a chemically resistant material and/or wherein the fluid conduit ( 53 ) has a chemically resistant lining.
  19. 19 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rail ( 50 ) is made of metal and/or of a block.
  20. 20 . The pressure vessel system ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a wall thickness of the rail ( 50 ) is greater than a cross section of the fluid conduit ( 53 ).

Description

1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressure vessel system comprising a pressure vessel having a reaction chamber as a pressure space for initiating and/or promoting chemical and/or physical pressure reactions of samples accommodated in the reaction chamber. 2. BACKGROUND Pressure vessel systems of the type mentioned at the outset are known in principle from the prior art. In addition, fluidically connecting all valves, sensors and fluid conduits and discharge conduits to the reaction chamber or the pressure vessel via pipe and/or hose connections is known. A disadvantage of this is that a very large number of connections with sealing rings, screw connections, etc., are necessary, as a result of which the connections are not leak-free in the long term and are less resistant to pressure. Furthermore, there are in total very long conduits in which aggressive chemicals are present or condense over a prolonged period of time and thus can lead to metallic contamination (introduction of elements) and to corrosion of the respective conduit. The conduits thus tend to give relatively high analytically blank values. The comparatively large number of pipe and/or hose connections and the devices connected via these also does not allow efficient cleaning of the respective couplings and conduits. In addition, the installation and maintenance of the devices to be fluidically connected is comparatively complicated. In summary, it can thus be said that the pressure vessel systems known from the prior art provide a comparatively complicated and insecure fluidic connection of the devices (valves, sensors, fluid inlet, fluid outlet, etc.) to the reaction chamber. Proceeding from this prior art, it is an object of the present invention to overcome the abovementioned disadvantages of the prior art, i.e., in particular, provide a pressure vessel system which can fluidically connect all devices to the reaction chamber more efficiently and securely. These and other objects which are mentioned in the following description or can be discerned by a person skilled in the art on reading the description are achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are subject matter of the dependent claims referring back thereto. 3. COMPREHENSIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A pressure vessel system according to the invention comprises: a pressure vessel having a reactor chamber as pressure space for initiating and/or promoting chemical and/or physical pressure reactions of samples accommodated in the reaction chamber and a rigid rail which is connected rigidly to the pressure vessel or to at least part of the pressure vessel and has a first connection to the fluid inlet, a second connection to the fluid outlet and a fluid conduit which fluidically connects the first connection to the second connection. The fluid conduit is fluidically connected via the second connection to the reaction chamber and the rail has at least one third connection which is fluidically connected to the fluid conduit and which can be connected to a device, so that the device is fluidically connected to the fluid conduit and thus to the reaction chamber. In other words, a pressure vessel system which can, preferably supportively, hold all devices (sensors, fluid feed conduits, fluid discharge conduits, etc.) by means of a single rigid rail and fluidically connect them to the reaction chamber is proposed. For this purpose, the fluid conduit is preferably formed by a hollow space, for example a drilled hole, in the rigid rail, with this hollow space (fluidically) connecting all connections to one another and thus forming the fluid conduit which connects the connections. The fluid conduit or the hollow space is consequently provided integrally with or in the rigid rail. Furthermore, the rigid, i.e. in particular immobile, nonelastic and direct mechanical connection between the pressure vessel and the rail results in the rail being fluidically and mechanically connected particularly firmly and readily accessibly to the pressure vessel or the reaction chamber. In this way, all devices can be fluidically connected particularly efficiently (reduction in the assembly time, the construction material, the construction space, etc.) and securely, in particular rigidly, to the rail and thus the reaction chamber. Insecure pipe and hose connections laid in a complicated manner, as are known from the prior art, can thus be dispensed with completely or at least be considerably reduced. The pressure vessel preferably has a lid which can be moved between an open position, in which the reaction chamber is open, and a closed position, in which the reaction chamber is closed, with the rail being rigidly connected to the lid (as part of the pressure vessel and thus with the pressure vessel). Since the lid is generally provided at a readily accessible position on the pressure vessel, particularly good, i.e. particularly efficient and secu