US-12624599-B2 - Drilling apparatus and related methods

US12624599B2US 12624599 B2US12624599 B2US 12624599B2US-12624599-B2

Abstract

According to embodiments of the present disclosure a drilling sub apparatus that may be coupled to a drill pipe. The drilling sub apparatus may have a pendulum member that moves from a first position to a second position. In the first position, a bottom region of the pendulum member covers or seals apertures that thereby close a fluid pathway from an inner region of the drilling sub apparatus through elements of the drilling sub apparatus through to one or more chambers between a pendulum sleeve and a stabilizer sleeve of the drilling sub apparatus. In the second position, the bottom region of the pendulum member may uncover or unseal from apertures that thereby open the fluid pathway from an inner region of the drilling sub apparatus through elements of the drilling sub apparatus through to the one or more chambers. The fluid that flows from the inner region to the one or more chambers may exert a force on an inner pipe of the drilling sub apparatus, and thereby on the drill pipe, to move the drill pipe towards a vertical position. The pendulum member may move between the first and second positions in response to the angle of the drilling sub apparatus relative to a force of gravity and may do so without the use of electronics, communication channels, or the like.

Inventors

Angus Lamberton Jamieson

Assignees

HELMERICH & PAYNE TECHNOLOGIES, LLC

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20240927

Claims (20)

1 . A drilling sub apparatus, the apparatus comprising: an inner pipe having a through hole and a plurality of apertures extending from an inner surface of the inner pipe to an outer surface of the inner pipe; a pendulum sleeve having a pendulum recess, wherein the inner pipe extends through the pendulum recess, wherein the pendulum sleeve has a plurality of apertures extending from an inner surface of the pendulum sleeve to an outer surface of the pendulum sleeve; a stabilizer sleeve having a through hole, wherein at least a portion of the pendulum sleeve is located within the stabilizer sleeve, and wherein the stabilizer sleeve and the pendulum sleeve define a plurality of chambers therebetween; a pendulum member having a through hole and a plurality of apertures, wherein the pendulum member is positioned within the pendulum recess of the pendulum sleeve, the inner pipe extends through the through hole of the pendulum member, and the plurality of apertures extend from an inner surface of the pendulum member to an outer surface of the pendulum member; and wherein a bottom portion of the pendulum member covers the plurality of apertures of the pendulum sleeve when the pendulum sleeve is in a substantially vertical position, and wherein the pendulum member is configured to move within the pendulum recess of the pendulum sleeve when the pendulum sleeve is in a non-vertical position, wherein in the non-vertical position one or more of the plurality of apertures of the pendulum sleeve are not sealed by the bottom portion of the pendulum member for allowing a fluid to flow from the inner pipe to one or more of the plurality of chambers between the pendulum sleeve and the stabilizer sleeve, wherein the fluid within the one or more of the plurality of chambers between the pendulum sleeve and the stabilizer sleeve exert a force on the pendulum sleeve and the inner pipe.
2 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of apertures of the inner pipe are vertically offset from the plurality of apertures of the pendulum member.
3 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of apertures of the pendulum sleeve are located within a bottom portion of the pendulum sleeve and are vertically offset from the plurality of apertures of the pendulum member.
4 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each aperture of the pendulum sleeve defines a fluid passageway between (a) an annulus between an outer surface of the pendulum member and the inner surface of pendulum sleeve and (b) a chamber of the plurality of chambers.
5 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of elastomeric members between the stabilizer sleeve and the pendulum sleeve that partially define each of the plurality of chambers.
6 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the stabilizer sleeve comprises a plurality of apertures, each aperture extending from one of the plurality of chambers to an outer surface of the stabilizer sleeve.
7 . The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein a diameter of each of the plurality of apertures extending from one of the plurality of chambers to an outer surface of the stabilizer sleeve is smaller than a diameter of each of the plurality of apertures extending through the inner pipe, the pendulum member, the pendulum sleeve to the plurality of chambers between the stabilizer sleeve and the pendulum sleeve.
8 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the pendulum member, the pendulum sleeve, and the stabilizer sleeve each comprise a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion within ten percent of one another.
9 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the pendulum member, the pendulum sleeve, and the stabilizer sleeve each comprise steel or stainless steel or similar hard wearing materials.
10 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the stabilizer sleeve comprises an outer surface having one or more stabilizer fins thereon.
11 . A drill string for drilling, the drill string comprising: a drill bit having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is adapted to drill; a drilling sub apparatus having a first end and a second end, the drilling sub apparatus comprising: an inner pipe having a through hole and a plurality of apertures extending from an inner surface of the inner pipe to an outer surface of the inner pipe; a pendulum sleeve having a through hole and a pendulum recess extending outward from the through hole, wherein at least a portion of the inner pipe extends through the through hole of the pendulum sleeve, wherein the pendulum sleeve has a plurality of apertures extending from an inner surface of the pendulum sleeve to an outer surface of the pendulum sleeve; a stabilizer sleeve having a through hole, wherein at least a portion of the pendulum sleeve is located within the through hole of the stabilizer sleeve, and wherein the stabilizer sleeve and the pendulum sleeve define a plurality of chambers therebetween; a pendulum member having a through hole and a plurality of apertures, wherein at least a portion of the pendulum member is positioned within the pendulum recess of the pendulum sleeve, at least a portion of the inner pipe extends through the through hole of the pendulum member, and the plurality of apertures extend from an inner surface of the pendulum member to an outer surface of the pendulum member; wherein the pendulum member is configured to move within the pendulum recess of the pendulum sleeve between (a) a first position in which a bottom portion of the pendulum member covers the plurality of apertures of the pendulum sleeve such that an inner region of the inner pipe is not in fluid communication with the plurality of chambers and (b) a second position in which one or more of the plurality of apertures of the pendulum sleeve are not sealed by the bottom portion of the pendulum member such that an inner region of the inner pipe is in fluid communication with one or more of the plurality of chambers; and a bottom hole assembly having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the bottom hole assembly is coupled to the second end of the sub apparatus and the second end of the bottom hole assembly is coupled to one or more pipes.
12 . The drill string according to claim 11 , the plurality of apertures of the inner pipe are vertically offset from the plurality of apertures of the pendulum member.
13 . The drill string according to claim 11 , the plurality of apertures of the pendulum sleeve are located within a bottom portion of the pendulum sleeve and are vertically offset from the plurality of apertures of the pendulum member.
14 . The drill string according to claim 11 , a bottom portion of the pendulum member covers the plurality of apertures of the pendulum sleeve when the pendulum sleeve is in the first position.
15 . The drill string according to claim 11 , further comprising a plurality of elastomeric members between the stabilizer sleeve and the pendulum sleeve, wherein the plurality of elastomeric members define the plurality of chambers.
16 . The drill string according to claim 11 , wherein the stabilizer sleeve comprises a plurality of apertures, each aperture extending from one of the plurality of chambers to an outer surface of the stabilizer sleeve.
17 . The drill string according to claim 11 , wherein a diameter of each of the plurality of apertures extending from one of the plurality of chambers to an outer surface of the stabilizer sleeve is smaller than a diameter of each of the plurality of apertures extending through the inner pipe, the pendulum member, the pendulum sleeve to the plurality of chambers between the stabilizer sleeve and the pendulum sleeve.
18 . The drill string according to claim 11 , wherein the stabilizer sleeve comprises an outer surface having one or more stabilizer fins thereon.
19 . A method of drilling a well, the method comprising: providing a sub apparatus, the sub apparatus comprising: an inner pipe having a through hole and a plurality of apertures extending from an inner surface of the inner pipe to an outer surface of the inner pipe; a pendulum sleeve having a through hole and a pendulum recess extending outward from the through hole, wherein at least a portion of the inner pipe extends through the through hole of the pendulum sleeve, wherein the pendulum sleeve has a plurality of apertures extending from an inner surface of the pendulum sleeve to an outer surface of the pendulum sleeve; a stabilizer sleeve having a through hole, wherein at least a portion of the pendulum sleeve is located within the through hole of the stabilizer sleeve, and wherein the stabilizer sleeve and the pendulum sleeve define a plurality of chambers therebetween; a pendulum member having a through hole and a plurality of apertures extending between an inner surface and an outer surface of the pendulum member, wherein at least a portion of the pendulum member is positioned within the pendulum recess of the pendulum sleeve, at least a portion of the inner pipe extends through the through hole of the pendulum member, and wherein the pendulum member is configured to move within the pendulum recess of the pendulum sleeve between a first position and a second position; and in response to the inner pipe moving from the first position to the second position, wherein in the second position the inner pipe is tilted away from vertical, the pendulum member automatically shifting to uncover one or more of the plurality of apertures in the pendulum sleeve for allowing a fluid to flow from an inner region of the inner pipe to one or more of the plurality of chambers for providing a force on the inner pipe in a direction opposite the direction of the tilt of the inner pipe for forcing the inner pipe to return to the first position.
20 . The method of claim 19 , further comprising: in response to the inner pipe returning to the first position, automatically releasing the fluid from the one or more of the plurality of chambers through one or more apertures in the stabilizer sleeve.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This present application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. provisional patent application No. 63/586,324 filed on Sep. 28, 2023, titled “Pendulum sub apparatus”, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The disclosure of this application is related to the disclosure in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/823,485, filed Aug. 30, 2022, and titled “Systems and Methods for Drilling Geothermal Wells,” which is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. In addition, the present disclosure is also related to the disclosure in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/189,918, filed on Mar. 24, 2023, and titled “Methods and Apparatus for Bitless Drilling,” which is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE Drilling a wellbore for the extraction of minerals has become an increasingly complicated operation due to the increased depth and complexity of many wellbores. Drilling is an expensive operation and errors in drilling add to the cost and, in some cases, drilling errors may permanently lower the output of a well for years into the future. Conventional technologies and methods may not adequately address the complicated nature of drilling, and may not be capable of gathering and processing various information from downhole sensors and surface control systems in a timely manner, in order to improve drilling operations and minimize drilling errors. Drilling operations can be conducted by having a rotating drill bit mounted on a bottom hole assembly (BHA) that gives direction to the drill bit for cutting through geological formations and enabled steerable drilling. During drilling of a borehole steering can be difficult and the drilling pipe may move away from a desired vertical position due to a variety of reasons. In many situations, measurements while drilling (MWD) can be used to determine a bottom hole assembly's (BHA) position. In aspects of the present disclosure, a drilling apparatus may be positioned between a BHA and a drill bit, in some aspects the drilling apparatus may be positioned between a BHA and a drill string. In some aspects, one or more drilling apparatus may be positioned between a BHA and a drill bit, or between a BHA and a drill string. Typically, surveys are taken periodically during drilling with the MWD equipment and the data collected by the MWD equipment is used to determine the current location of the BHA. By determining the present and past locations of the BHA, one can determine if the wellbore has deviated from a vertical direction (or orientation) and by how much, then take corrective steps. In some wells, however, the MWD equipment may not be useful and/or may not provide reliable data. For example, typical MWD sensors (e.g., accelerometers) and/or other sensors and items in the BHA may have temperature limits (e.g., 175 degrees Celsius), above which the MWD equipment may not work or may not be reliable. In some wells, such as deeper drilling depths or wells drilled for geothermal energy, the formations to be drilled may be at temperatures greater than the temperature limit of the MWD sensors or other BHA equipment, such as formations at 250 degrees Celsius or greater. In such cases, it may be difficult to accurately monitor and thereby control the trajectory of the wellbore while it is being drilled and it may not be possible to rely on MWD equipment (e.g. sensors) to provide data for the position of the BHA. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A further understanding of the nature and advantages of various embodiments may be realized by reference to the following figures. In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label. FIG. 1 illustrates a drilling system for drilling a borehole, the system including a drill rig with a drill string including a bottom home assembly, according to embodiments of the disclosure. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pendulum sub assembly, according to embodiments of the disclosure, couplable to the bottom hole assembly of FIG. 1. FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C are a perspective view, an elevation view, and a plan view, respectively, of an inner pipe located within the pendulum sub assembly of FIG. 2, according to embodiments of the disclosure. FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are a perspective view, an elevation view, and a plan view, respectively, of a pendulum within the pendulum sub assembly of FIG. 2, according to embodiments of the disclosure. FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C are a perspective view, an elevation vie