US-12625033-B2 - Abnormality detection system for combustor for gas turbine, combustor for gas turbine and gas turbine, and abnormality detection method for combustor for gas turbine

Abstract

An abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, includes: a sensor for detecting whether an ignition plug is located at an insertion position in a combustion tube of the combustor, the ignition plug being disposed movably between the insertion position and a retracted position retracted from the combustion tube; and a diagnostic unit configured to diagnose an abnormality in an ignition device including the ignition plug, based on a detection result by the sensor.

Inventors

• Tomoyuki Kojima
• Susumu Sekine
• Kozo Toyama

Assignees

• MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20220311

Priority Date

20210319

Claims (20)

1. 1 . An abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, the abnormality detection system comprising: a sensor for detecting whether an ignition plug is located at an insertion position in a combustion tube of the combustor, the ignition plug being disposed movably between the insertion position and a retracted position retracted from the combustion tube; and a diagnostic unit configured to diagnose an abnormality in an ignition device including the ignition plug, based on a detection result by the sensor, wherein: the ignition plug is configured to be moved between the insertion position and the retracted position along an axial direction of the ignition plug by a drive part including a cylinder extending along the axial direction and a piston which is slidable along the axial direction in the cylinder; and the sensor is mounted on the cylinder and disposed to face, in the axial direction, a movable part which is mounted on a rod connected to the piston on a side opposite to the ignition plug.
2. 2 . The abnormality detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is capable of only detecting whether the ignition plug is located at the insertion position.
3. 3 . The abnormality detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is capable of detecting a displacement amount of the ignition plug in a moving direction of the ignition plug.
4. 4 . An abnormality detection method for a combustor for a gas turbine, using the abnormality detection system according to claim 1 , the abnormality detection method comprising: detecting, using the sensor, whether the ignition plug is located at the insertion position in the combustion tube; and diagnosing the abnormality in the ignition device, based on the detection result by the sensor.
5. 5 . A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: a fuel nozzle for injecting fuel; an ignition device that includes an ignition plug configured to ignite the fuel; and the abnormality detection system according to claim 1 .
6. 6 . A gas turbine, comprising: the combustor according to claim 5 ; and a turbine section configured to be driven by a combustion gas generated in the combustor.
7. 7 . An abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, the abnormality detection system comprising: a sensor for detecting whether an ignition plug is located at an insertion position in a combustion tube of the combustor, the ignition plug being disposed movably between the insertion position and a retracted position retracted from the combustion tube; a diagnostic unit configured to diagnose an abnormality in an ignition device including the ignition plug, based on a detection result by the sensor; and an insertion time calculation unit configured to calculate an insertion time from a start of insertion of the ignition plug located at the retracted position until the ignition plug reaches the insertion position, based on the detection result by the sensor, wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to diagnose the abnormality in the ignition device based on the insertion time.
8. 8 . The abnormality detection system according to claim 7 , wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to determine that the ignition device has the abnormality when the insertion time is greater than a threshold.
9. 9 . An abnormality detection method for a combustor for a gas turbine using the abnormality detection system according to claim 7 , the abnormality detection method comprising: detecting, using the sensor, whether the ignition plug is located at the insertion position in the combustion tube; and diagnosing the abnormality in the ignition device, based on the detection result by the sensor.
10. 10 . A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: a fuel nozzle for injecting fuel; an ignition device that includes an ignition plug configured to ignite the fuel; and the abnormality detection system according to claim 7 .
11. 11 . A gas turbine, comprising: the combustor according to claim 10 ; and a turbine section configured to be driven by a combustion gas generated in the combustor.
12. 12 . An abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, the abnormality detection system comprising: a sensor for detecting whether an ignition plug is located at an insertion position in a combustion tube of the combustor, the ignition plug being disposed movably between the insertion position and a retracted position retracted from the combustion tube; a diagnostic unit configured to diagnose an abnormality in an ignition device including the ignition plug, based on a detection result by the sensor; and an insertion distance calculation unit configured to calculate an insertion distance of the ignition plug based on the detection result by the sensor, wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to diagnose the abnormality in the ignition device based on the insertion distance.
13. 13 . The abnormality detection system according to claim 12 , wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to determine that the ignition device has the abnormality when the insertion distance is less than a threshold.
14. 14 . An abnormality detection method for a combustor for a gas turbine using the abnormality detection system according to claim 12 , the abnormality detection method comprising: detecting, using the sensor, whether the ignition plug is located at the insertion position in the combustion tube; and diagnosing the abnormality in the ignition device, based on the detection result by the sensor.
15. 15 . A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: a fuel nozzle for injecting fuel; an ignition device that includes an ignition plug configured to ignite the fuel; and the abnormality detection system according to claim 12 .
16. 16 . A gas turbine, comprising: the combustor according to claim 15 ; and a turbine section configured to be driven by a combustion gas generated in the combustor.
17. 17 . An abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, the abnormality detection system comprising: a sensor for detecting whether an ignition plug is located at an insertion position in a combustion tube of the combustor, the ignition plug being disposed movably between the insertion position and a retracted position retracted from the combustion tube; a diagnostic unit configured to diagnose an abnormality in an ignition device including the ignition plug, based on a detection result by the sensor; and an output unit configured to output an alarm when the diagnostic unit determines that the ignition device has the abnormality, wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to diagnose the abnormality in the ignition device based on the detection result by the sensor again, after the alarm is output.
18. 18 . An abnormality detection method for a combustor for a gas turbine using the abnormality detection system according to claim 17 , the abnormality detection method comprising: detecting, using the sensor, whether the ignition plug is located at the insertion position in the combustion tube; and diagnosing the abnormality in the ignition device, based on the detection result by the sensor.
19. 19 . A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: a fuel nozzle for injecting fuel; an ignition device that includes an ignition plug configured to ignite the fuel; and the abnormality detection system according to claim 17 .
20. 20 . A gas turbine, comprising: the combustor according to claim 19 ; and a turbine section configured to be driven by a combustion gas generated in the combustor.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-045354 filed on Mar. 19, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to an abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor and the gas turbine, and an abnormality detection method for the combustor. BACKGROUND In a combustor for a gas turbine, fuel is ignited with an ignition plug. JP 2000-18051 A discloses a gas turbine combustor which is provided with an ignition plug disposed movable back and forth between a position inside a combustion tube and a position outside the combustion tube. In this combustor, when the ignition plug is located at the position inside the combustion tube, the ignition plug generates an ignition spark to ignite fuel supplied to the combustor. SUMMARY Technical Problem Meanwhile, in the ignition plug disposed movable back and forth in the combustion tube as described above, if the ignition plug cannot move to an insertion position (ignition position) in the combustion tube for some reason, the fuel cannot be ignited, making it impossible to properly start a gas turbine. In such a case, if the cause of the start-up failure is unknown, the restart and the ignition failure of the gas turbine may wastefully be repeated. In view of the above, an object of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor for the gas turbine and the gas turbine, and an abnormality detection method for the combustor for the gas turbine, which are capable of appropriately detecting an abnormality in an ignition device including an ignition plug. Solution to Problem An abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, includes: a sensor for detecting whether an ignition plug is located at an insertion position in a combustion tube of the combustor for the gas turbine, the ignition plug being disposed movably between the insertion position and a retracted position retracted from the combustion tube; and a diagnostic unit configured to diagnose an abnormality in an ignition device including the ignition plug, based on a detection result by the sensor. Further, a combustor for a gas turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, includes: a fuel nozzle for injecting fuel; an ignition device that includes an ignition plug configured to ignite the fuel injected from the fuel nozzle; and the above-described abnormality detection system configured to diagnose an abnormality in the ignition device. Furthermore, a gas turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, includes the above-described combustor; and a turbine configured to be driven by a combustion gas generated in the combustor. Furthermore, an abnormality detection method for a combustor for a gas turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, includes: a detection step of detecting whether an ignition plug is located at an insertion position in a combustion tube of the combustor for the gas turbine, the ignition plug being disposed movably between the insertion position and a retracted position retracted from the combustion tube; and a step of diagnosing an abnormality in an ignition device including the ignition plug, based on a detection result in the detection step. Advantageous Effects According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, an abnormality detection system for a combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor for the gas turbine and the gas turbine, and an abnormality detection method for the combustor for the gas turbine are provided which are capable of appropriately detecting an abnormality in an ignition device including an ignition plug. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration view of a gas turbine according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration view of a combustor according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an abnormality diagnosis system according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 is an example of a time chart of an insertion command signal and a signal indicating a position of an ignition plug. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an abnormality detection method for a combustor for the gas turbine according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of output results by a diagnostic device according to an embodiment. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the abnormality detection method for the combustor for the gas turbine according to an embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the abnormality detection method for the combustor for the gas turbine according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Some embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is intended