US-12625309-B2 - Blocking element of short wavelengths in LED-type light sources

US12625309B2US 12625309 B2US12625309 B2US 12625309B2US-12625309-B2

Abstract

Method, product and blocking element of short wavelengths in LED-type light sources consisting of a substrate with a pigment distributed on its surface and, in that said pigment has an optical density such that it allows the selective absorption of short wavelengths between 380 nm and 500 nm in a range between 1 and 99%.

Inventors

Celia Sanchez Ramos

Assignees

UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20240223
Priority Date: 20121221

Claims (20)

1 . An electronic device comprising: a light-emitting diode (“LED”) display; at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor to: determine, by detection or a user input, a plurality of factors selected from the group consisting of: a condition of ambient lighting during use of the electronic device; a total time a user is exposed to the LED display during use of the electronic device; an age of the user of the electronic device; a working distance between the user and the LED display; and a size of the LED display; for each of the selected plurality of factors, obtain, from the memory, a maximum absorbance value and a minimum absorbance value; sum the maximum absorbance values and the minimum absorbance values to obtain a total maximum absorbance value and a total minimum absorbance value based on the selected plurality of factors; select a value between the total maximum absorbance value and the total minimum absorbance value to represent an amount of reduction of light emission from the LED display within a predetermined light spectrum, wherein the predetermined light spectrum is less than an entire light spectrum of the LED display and includes 380 nm to 500 nm; reduce an intensity of the light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum by the selected value.
2 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of factors further comprises a second plurality of factors selected from the group consisting of: a condition of ambient lighting during use of the electronic device; a total time a user is exposed to the LED display during use of the electronic device; an age of the user of the electronic device; a working distance between the user and the LED display; and a size of the LED display.
3 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the selected value comprises a sum of a plurality of values representing respective reductions of the intensity of light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum.
4 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the selected value is between a minimum reduction and a maximum reduction of the intensity of light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum.
5 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the intensity of light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum is reduced in less than the entire LED display.
6 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the reduction of the intensity of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum is temporarily progressive depending on an exposure time of the user and a time of a day.
7 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further comprise instructions executable by the processor to: detect a background of an electronic document viewed by the user of the electronic device, and switch the background of the electronic document viewed by the user to a background with a reduced emission in the predetermined light spectrum.
8 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the selected value comprises a maximum percent of reduction and a minimum percent of reduction for light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum.
9 . The device of claim 8 , wherein the percent reduction is performed between the selected maximum percent of reduction and selected minimum percent of reduction.
10 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the condition of ambient lighting is selected form the group consisting of photopic, mesopic, and scotopic.
11 . A method of reducing a predetermined light spectrum emitted by an electronic device with a light-emitting diode (LED) display, comprising steps of: determining, by detection or a user input, a plurality of factors selected from the group consisting of: a condition of ambient lighting during use of the electronic device; a total time a user is exposed to the LED display during use of the electronic device; an age of the user of the electronic device; a working distance between the user and the LED display; a size of the LED display; for each of the selected plurality obtaining a of a maximum absorbance value and a minimum absorbance value, summing the maximum absorbances values and the minimum absorbances values to obtain a total maximum absorbance value and a total minimum absorbance value based on the selected plurality of factors, selecting a value between the total maximum absorbance value and the total minimum absorbance value to representing an amount of reduction of light emission of from the LED display within a predetermined light spectrum, wherein the predetermined light spectrum is less than an entire light spectrum of the LED display and includes 380 nm to 500 nm; and reducing an intensity of the light emission of the LED display only within the predetermined light spectrum by the selected value.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the one or more factors further comprise a second plurality of factors selected from the group consisting of: a condition of ambient lighting during use of the electronic device; a total time a user is exposed to the LED display during use of the electronic device; an age of the user of the electronic device; a working distance between the user and the LED display; and a size of the LED display.
13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the selected value comprises a sum of a plurality of values representing respective reductions of the intensity of light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum.
14 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the selected value is between a minimum reduction and a maximum reduction of the intensity of light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum.
15 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the intensity of light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum is reduced in less than the entire LED display.
16 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the reduction of the intensity of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum is temporarily progressive depending on an exposure time of the user and a time of a day.
17 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising: detecting a background of an electronic document viewed by the user of the electronic device, and switching the background of the electronic document viewed by the user to a background with a reduced emission in the predetermined light spectrum.
18 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the selected value comprises a maximum percent of reduction and a minimum percent of reduction for light emission of the LED display within the predetermined light spectrum.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the percent reduction is performed between the selected maximum percent of reduction and selected minimum percent of reduction.
20 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the condition of ambient lighting is selected from the group consisting of photopic, mesopic, and scotopic.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/331,342, filed May 26, 2021, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,960,109, which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/426,115, filed Mar. 4, 2015, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,035,990, which is a National Stage entry of International Application No. PCT/ES2013/070222, filed Apr. 5, 2013, which claims priority to Spanish Patent Application No. P201201268, filed Dec. 21, 2012. The disclosures of the prior applications are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION In general the present invention falls within the field of optics and, in particular, relates to a blocking element of short wavelengths in LED-type light sources (light-emitter diodes). STATE OF THE ART The electromagnetic spectrum (EME) is the energy distribution of the whole of the electromagnetic waves that a substance emits (emission spectrum) or absorbs (absorption spectrum). The EME includes a wide range of radiation, from that of lower wavelength such as gamma rays and x-rays, passing through ultraviolet radiation, light and infrared rays, to the electromagnetic waves with longer wavelength, such as radio waves. The light spectrum is the region of the electromagnetic spectrum that human eye is able to perceive. Electromagnetic radiation in this range of wavelengths is also called ‘visible’ or simply light. There are no exact limits in the visible spectrum: a typical human eye responds to wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm, although the eye adapted to the dark can see over a greater range, ranging from 360 nm to 830 nm. The retina auto-protects itself from the short wavelengths in two ways: with a heterogeneous distribution of the photo-receptors in such a way that photo-receptors, sensitive to the short wavelengths, do not exist in the macular depression and by the action of yellow pigments existing in the same area that also perform a protective action. In addition, the crystalline increases its proportion of yellow chromophores with age. These natural protections of the human eye against the shortest wavelengths (the crystalline and those of the retina) can find themselves seriously affected by certain pathologies and/or surgical interventions, even exclusively over time. Some techniques have been developed to protect healthy eyes, cataract operated eyes, and eyes in neuro-degenerative retina process from short wavelengths: Apply filters to the human eyes as a therapeutic and preventive measure to substitute and/or improve the natural protection.Since the middle of the 90's, intraocular lenses provided with a yellow filter have been implanted on cataract operated eyes. This alternative involves a surgical procedure with all its obvious risks and difficulties. There also exists a large number of people operated from cataracts to which a transparent intraocular lens has been implanted to substitute the inner substance of the crystalline that does not have the necessary yellow pigmentation protection. In these cases, it is necessary to complement the artificial crystalline, which is exempt of yellow pigmentation, with the insertion of a yellow pigmentation support system. A blocking element of the short wavelengths is a device designed to separate, pass or delete a group of objects or things of the total mixture. The blocking elements are designed for the selection of a particular range of wavelengths of light. The mechanism is always subtractive, consists of blocking of wavelengths, allowing the passage of other wavelengths. There are different types of filters applied to the human eye on the market. For instance, the patent application WO 98/44380 describes a filter applied in a contact lens that does not cover the whole of said contact lens, understanding the whole as iris area, pupil area and the contact lens body, this fact being fundamental for avoiding irregularities in vision. On the other hand, the document WO 91/04717 describes intraocular lenses for treating of AMD which is not the object of the present invention. It is also known the fact of using yellow filters in ophthalmic lenses, for example through the document GB 1 480 492. The yellow filter can be used in multiple applications, as shown by the documents located in the current state of the art. The document DE 358 948 describes a yellow filter applied to an electrical lighting device, but combined with a second red-colored filter, which moves away from the inventive concept described in the present invention. The document ES 1 046 793 U describes an external support device of different lighting filters, with different colors, which moves away from the inventive concept of the present invention which lies in a unique blocking element of short wavelengths, integrated in a given material, to eliminate the short wavelengths from the visible light spectrum before it reaches the user due to pernicious effects produced by the high energy of th