US-12627031-B2 - Antenna module

US12627031B2US 12627031 B2US12627031 B2US 12627031B2US-12627031-B2

Abstract

An antenna module is provided. The antenna module includes a conductive structure, a first dielectric layer, and a second dielectric layer. The conductive structure defines a first space and a second space over the first space. The first dielectric layer is at least partially within the first space and has a first dielectric constant. The second dielectric layer is at least partially within the second space and has a second dielectric constant different from the first dielectric constant.

Inventors

Shao-En HSU
Huei-Shyong CHO
Shih-Wen Lu

Assignees

ADVANCED SEMICONDUCTOR ENGINEERING, INC.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230908

Claims (9)

1 . An antenna module, comprising: a conductive structure defining a first space and a second space over the first space; a first hybrid structure at least partially within the first space and having a first dielectric constant; a second hybrid structure at least partially within the second space and having a second dielectric constant different from the first dielectric constant; a first region comprising the first hybrid structure and a first conductive element of the conductive structure and configured to operate in first frequency; and a second region comprising the second hybrid structure and a second conductive element of the conductive structure and configured to operate in second frequency different from the first frequency.
2 . The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the second hybrid structure comprises a plurality of openings, wherein the openings have a first set of the openings in a central part of the second hybrid structure and a second set of the openings in a peripheral part of the second hybrid structure, and wherein a pattern density of the first set of the openings is greater than that of the second set of the openings.
3 . The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the second region has a width greater than that of the first region.
4 . The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the conductive structure defines a waveguide, and the first space is disposed between the waveguide and the second space.
5 . The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the conductive structure includes a plurality of conductive layers and a plurality of conductive elements through the first hybrid structure and the second hybrid structure.
6 . The antenna module of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of conductive layers and the plurality of conductive elements define a plurality of steps around the first space and the second space in a cross-sectional view.
7 . The antenna module of claim 1 , further comprising a third hybrid structure disposed between the first hybrid structure and the second hybrid structure, wherein the third hybrid structure has a third dielectric constant greater than the first dielectric constant and smaller than the second dielectric constant.
8 . The antenna module of claim 7 , further comprising a third region comprising the third hybrid structure and a third conductive element of the conductive structure and configured to operate in a third frequency between the first frequency and the second frequency.
9 . The antenna module of claim 1 , further comprising: a redistribution structure supporting the conductive structure; an electronic component separated from the conductive structure by the redistribution structure, wherein the redistribution structure comprise a feeding element disposed below the first hybrid structure, and wherein the conductive structure comprises a first end, and a second end opposite to the first end, wherein the first end is disposed below the first conductive element, and the second end is disposed above the second conductive element.

Description

BACKGROUND 1. Field of the Disclosure The present disclosure relates to an antenna module and, in particular, a conductive structure of the antenna module. 2. Description of the Related Art Antenna modules play an important role in wireless communication. As the frequency of the signals transmitted/received by an antenna increases in order to achieve a broader bandwidth/faster speed, the radiation loss tends to worsen. Consequently, the gain of the antenna modules will decrease and heat accumulation in the antenna modules will occur. SUMMARY In some embodiments, an antenna module includes a conductive structure, a first dielectric layer, and a second dielectric layer. The conductive structure defines a first space and a second space over the first space. The first dielectric layer is at least partially within the first space and has a first dielectric constant. The second dielectric layer is at least partially within the second space and has a second dielectric constant different from the first dielectric constant. In some embodiments, an antenna module includes a conductive structure and a dielectric structure. The conductive structure defines a space. The dielectric structure is at least partially within the space and has a first structurally defined dielectric constant and a second structurally defined dielectric constant different from the first structurally defined dielectric constant. In some embodiments, an antenna module includes a conductive structure and a dielectric structure. The conductive structure includes a first end, a second end opposite to the first end, a waveguide adjacent to the first end and a radiating opening adjacent to the second end. The dielectric structure includes a plurality of mediums within the conductive structure. The plurality of mediums are configured to transmit electromagnetic wave signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Aspects of some embodiments of the present disclosure are readily understood from the following detailed description when read with the accompanying figures. It is noted that various structures may not be drawn to scale, and dimensions of the various structures may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity of discussion. FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 8A illustrates a top view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 8B illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 14 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 15 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 16 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Common reference numerals are used throughout the drawings and the detailed description to indicate the same or similar components. Embodiments of the present disclosure will be readily understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the provided subject matter. Specific examples of components and arrangements are described below to explain certain aspects of the present disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and