US-12627355-B2 - United states systems and methods for AI-optimized adaptive transmission and coordinated distribution of terahertz energy via satellite

US12627355B2US 12627355 B2US12627355 B2US 12627355B2US-12627355-B2

Abstract

A system for facilitating managing of terahertz wave energy. The system includes a terahertz antenna, a sensor, and a processing device. Further, the terahertz antenna is configured to be operable in a terahertz frequency range. Further, the terahertz antenna is configured for managing terahertz electromagnetic waves having terahertz wave energy. Further, the sensor is configured for generating data associated with the terahertz antenna and an environment of the terahertz antenna. Further, the processing device is communicatively coupled with the sensor. Further, the processing device is configured for analyzing the data and generating a signal for the terahertz antenna based on the analyzing. Further, the processing device is communicatively coupled with the terahertz antenna. Further, the terahertz antenna is associated with parameters. Further, the parameters of the terahertz antenna are adjusted based on the signal. Further, the managing of the terahertz wave energy is based on the adjusting of the parameters.

Inventors

Robert Smith
David Lark
Michael Smith
Mohamed Sanad
Rick Bean
Mihael Radoslovic

Assignees

TeraNova Energy Inc.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250603

Claims (19)

1 . A system for facilitating managing of terahertz wave energy, the system comprising: at least one terahertz antenna configured to be operable in a terahertz frequency range, wherein the at least one terahertz antenna is configured for managing terahertz electromagnetic waves having terahertz wave energy; at least one sensor configured for generating at least one data associated with at least one of the at least one terahertz antenna and an environment of the at least one terahertz antenna; and a processing device communicatively coupled with the at least one sensor, wherein the processing device is configured for: analyzing the at least one data; and generating at least one signal for the at least one terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one data, wherein the processing device is communicatively coupled with the at least one terahertz antenna, wherein the at least one terahertz antenna is associated with one or more parameters, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is adjusted based on the at least one signal, wherein the managing of the terahertz wave energy is based on the adjusting of the one or more parameters; wherein the analyzing of the at least one data comprises analyzing the at least one data using at least one machine learning model, wherein the at least one machine learning model is configured for: processing the at least one data; optimizing one or more variables associated with a performance of the at least one terahertz antenna based on the processing of the at least one data; and generating one or more outputs based on the optimizing, wherein the determining of the one or more values for the one or more parameters is further based on the one or more outputs.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor is configured for detecting at least one of at least one of at least one characteristic of the terahertz electromagnetic waves, at least one environmental condition of the environment associated with the at least one terahertz antenna, and at least one operational parameter associated with at least one operation of the at least one terahertz antenna, wherein the generating of the at least one data is based on the detecting.
3 . The system of claim 1 further comprising a satellite communication interface communicatively coupled with the processing device, wherein the satellite communication interface is configured for receiving at least one Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) data associated with the system from at least one satellite, wherein the processing device is further configured for analyzing the at least one PNT data, wherein the generating of the at least one signal is further based on the analyzing of the at least one PNT data.
4 . The system of claim 3 , wherein the processing device is further configured for performing a timing synchronization between the at least one terahertz antenna and at least one additional terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one PNT data, wherein the generating of the at least one signal is further based on the performing of the timing synchronization.
5 . The system of claim 3 , wherein the processing device is further configured for: calculating at least one variable value of at least one variable based on the analyzing of the at least one PNT data; and determining one or more values of the one or more parameters based on the at least one variable value of the at least one variable, wherein the generating of the at least one signal is further based on the one or more values of the one or more parameters.
6 . The system of claim 4 , wherein the processing device is further configured for: determining at least one context relevant to a performance of at least one operation by the at least one terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one PNT data; and analyzing the at least one context, wherein the determining of the one or more values of the one or more parameters is further based on the analyzing of the at least one context.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one terahertz antenna comprises a phased array antenna, wherein the phased array antenna comprises a plurality of antenna elements, wherein the phased array antenna is configured for applying one or more signals of one or more phases to one or more of the plurality of antenna elements based on the at least one signal, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is further adjusted based on the applying of the one or more signals of one or more phases to one or more of the plurality of antenna elements.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one terahertz antenna comprises a reconfigurable antenna, wherein the reconfigurable antenna comprises at least one electronically controlled element, wherein the reconfigurable antenna is configured for modifying a state of the at least one electronically controlled element based on the at least one signal, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is further adjusted based on the modifying of the state of the at least one electronically controlled element.
9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one terahertz antenna comprises a metamaterial antenna, wherein the metamaterial antenna comprises at least one of at least one meta surface and at least one volumetric structure, wherein the metamaterial antenna is configured for tuning at least one property of at least one region of at least one of the at least one meta surface and the at least one volumetric structure based on the at least one signal, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is adjusted based on the tuning of the at least one property of the at least one region of least one of the at least one meta surface and the at least one volumetric structure.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the processing device is further configured for determining one or more values for the one or more parameters associated with the at least one terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one data, wherein the adjusting of the one or more parameters comprises replacing one or more previous values of the one or more parameters with the one or more values of the one or more parameters, wherein the at least one terahertz antenna is configured for operating in a configuration of a plurality of configurations based on the at least one signal, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is adjusted based the operating of the of at least one terahertz antenna in the configuration.
11 . The system of claim 1 further comprising: at least one electromagnetic wave generator configured for generating first terahertz electromagnetic waves; at least one wave conversion element configured for converting the first terahertz electromagnetic waves to second terahertz electromagnetic waves, wherein the at least one terahertz antenna is configured for: receiving the second terahertz electromagnetic waves; and transmitting third terahertz electromagnetic waves based on the receiving of the second terahertz electromagnetic waves, and one or more current values of the one or more parameters; and at least one photovoltaic device configured for: harvesting third terahertz wave energy of the third terahertz electromagnetic waves based on the transmitting of the third terahertz electromagnetic waves; and generating the electrical energy from the third wave energy based on the harvesting, wherein the electrical energy is transferrable from the at least one photovoltaic device.
12 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the processing device is further configured for obtaining a transaction data from a blockchain security system securely, wherein the blockchain security system is quantum-resistant, wherein the generating of the at least one signal is further based on the transaction data.
13 . A system for facilitating managing of terahertz wave energy, the system comprising: at least one sensor configured for generating at least one data associated with at least one of the at least one terahertz antenna and an environment of the at least one terahertz antenna; a processing device communicatively coupled with the at least one sensor, wherein the processing device is configured for: analyzing the at least one data; and generating at least one signal for the at least one terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one data, wherein the processing device is communicatively coupled with the at least one terahertz antenna, wherein the at least one terahertz antenna is associated with one or more parameters, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is adjusted based on the at least one signal, wherein the managing of the terahertz wave energy is based on the adjusting of the one or more parameters; and a satellite communication interface communicatively coupled with the processing device, wherein the satellite communication interface is configured for receiving at least one Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) data associated with the system from at least one satellite, wherein the processing device is further configured for analyzing the at least one PNT data, wherein the generating of the at least one signal is further based on the analyzing of the at least one PNT data; wherein the processing device comprises an artificial intelligence (AI) control module and the analyzing the at least one data and the at least one PNT data comprises analyzing the at least one data and the at least one PNT data using at least one machine learning model.
14 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the at least one sensor is configured for detecting at least one of at least one of at least one characteristic of the terahertz electromagnetic waves, at least one environmental condition of the environment associated with the at least one terahertz antenna, and at least one operational parameter associated with at least one operation of the at least one terahertz antenna, wherein the generating of the at least one data is based on the detecting.
15 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the processing device is further configured for performing a timing synchronization between the at least one terahertz antenna and at least one additional terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one PNT data, wherein the generating of the at least one signal is further based on the performing of the timing synchronization.
16 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the processing device is further configured for: calculating at least one variable value of at least one variable based on the analyzing of the at least one PNT data; and determining one or more values of the one or more parameters based on the at least one variable value of the at least one variable, wherein the generating of the at least one signal is further based on the one or more values of the one or more parameters.
17 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the at least one terahertz antenna comprises a metamaterial antenna, wherein the metamaterial antenna comprises at least one of at least one meta surface and at least one volumetric structure, wherein the metamaterial antenna is configured for tuning at least one property of at least one region of at least one of the at least one meta surface and the at least one volumetric structure based on the at least one signal, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is adjusted based on the tuning of the at least one property of the at least one region of least one of the at least one meta surface and the at least one volumetric structure.
18 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the processing device is further configured for determining one or more values for the one or more parameters associated with the at least one terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one data, wherein the adjusting of the one or more parameters comprises replacing one or more previous values of the one or more parameters with the one or more values of the one or more parameters, wherein the at least one terahertz antenna is configured for operating in a configuration of a plurality of configurations based on the at least one signal, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is adjusted based the operating of the of at least one terahertz antenna in the configuration.
19 . A method of facilitating managing of terahertz wave energy using a terahertz antenna, the method comprising: receiving, at a processing device, at least one data associated with at least one of at least one terahertz antenna and an environment of the at least one terahertz antenna from at least one sensor, wherein the at least one sensor is configured for generating the at least one data based on detecting at least one of at least one characteristic of the terahertz electromagnetic waves, at least one environmental condition of the environment associated with the at least one terahertz antenna, and at least one operational parameter associated with at least one operation of the at least one terahertz antenna, wherein the receiving of the at least one data comprises continuously receiving the at least one data from the at least one sensor, wherein the processing device comprises an artificial intelligence (AI) control module; receiving, at the processing device, at least one Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) data associated with the system from at least one satellite via a satellite communication interface; analyzing, by the processing device, the at least one data and the at least one PNT data, wherein the analyzing of the at least one data and the at least one PNT data comprises analyzing the at least one data and the at least one PNT data using at least one machine learning model; determining, by the processing device, one or more values for one or more parameters associated with the at least one terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one data and the at least one PNT data; and generating, by the processing device, at least one signal for the at least one terahertz antenna based on the analyzing of the at least one data, wherein the processing device is communicatively coupled with the at least one terahertz antenna, wherein the one or more parameters of the at least one terahertz antenna is caused to be adjusted based on the at least one signal, wherein the managing of the terahertz wave energy is based on the adjusting of the one or more parameters.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present disclosure relates generally to wireless power systems, and more specifically to systems, methods, and apparatuses employing artificial intelligence (AI) to dynamically control adaptive antenna systems operating in the terahertz (THz) frequency range for optimized energy conversion, harvesting, and transmission, including satellite-based distribution applications. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Wireless power transmission holds significant promise for numerous applications, ranging from charging portable electronics to powering remote sensors and enabling novel energy distribution paradigms. Conventional methods, however, often face limitations in terms of efficiency, range, directionality, and the need for precise alignment. While radiative methods at lower frequencies (e.g., microwave) are known, they can suffer from interference, lower power density, and require large antennas for high directivity. Wireless technology has revolutionized communication, sensing, and power transmission. However, current wireless charging methods have limitations in terms of efficiency, convenience, security, and device compatibility. Portable electronic devices like smartphones and tablets require frequent charging, which can be inconvenient for users. Existing solutions such as rechargeable batteries, solar-powered chargers, and electromagnetic signal harvesting have drawbacks such as limited power capacity, long charging times, and location constraints. Plugging devices into power sources is inconvenient, and current wireless charging options often lack security mechanisms and authentication for authorized power transfer. Furthermore, existing wireless chargers are usually designed for specific devices, requiring precise positioning and alignment for efficient charging. Variations in distance and device parameters can lead to power transfer inefficiencies. Monitoring the power transfer process is challenging, as users typically rely on observing battery levels rather than having real-time information. The growing interest in blockchain technology and IoT networks adds complexity to powering small computing sensors and mobile devices embedded in everyday objects. Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs), with issues like lossy links and changing environmental conditions, further complicate power transmission. Current wireless energy transmission technologies are designed for low frequencies and rely on radiation for energy transfer. However, there is a need for solutions that can transfer energy at higher frequencies and through conduction. In light of these challenges, there is a demand for innovative systems, methods, apparatuses, and devices that overcome the limitations of current wireless energy transmission technologies. These solutions should provide efficient, secure, and convenient wireless power transmission, enabling clean and continuous power generation for various applications. The pursuit of efficient energy generation has led to remarkable advancements in solar energy, particularly in improving the performance and efficiency of solar panel arrays. Conventional solar panels, however, are limited by their reliance on daylight and typical efficiency rates of 22-26%, posing significant challenges in sustainably meeting escalating global energy demands. Terahertz electromagnetic wave technology offers a promising solution to these challenges. Within the terahertz frequency range lies the terahertz gap, spanning from 100 GHz to 10 THz, which has historically presented challenges for utilization. Terahertz waves, falling between 100 GHz to 10 THz frequencies on the electromagnetic spectrum, can now be converted through a special 3D crystal material that converts terahertz waves to the natural frequencies of sunlight (428 THz to 769 THz), vital for maximizing solar energy conversion efficiency. Harnessing these waves has the potential to significantly boost the power output and efficiency of solar panels. Terahertz (THz) frequency waves (typically 0.1 to 10 THz) offer potential advantages for wireless power due to their ability to support high directivity with smaller apertures compared to microwaves. Technologies exist for generating and converting energy using However, effectively harnessing and distributing energy within the THz spectrum presents distinct and significant challenges, hindering widespread adoption. THz waves experience substantial atmospheric absorption and scattering, limiting range and requiring compensation techniques. Efficiently converting THz radiation to usable electrical energy remains a hurdle, with current technologies often lacking high conversion rates. Furthermore, achieving and maintaining the precise beam pointing and focusing required for efficient power transfer is difficult, especially over long distances or involving moving platforms like satellites in dynamic orbital environments. Optimizing energy capture and transmission in real-time to adapt to chan