US-12628439-B2 - Heat blocking device, heat blocking film, and heat blocking composition

Abstract

The present disclosure is a heat blocking device 101 that includes a heat blocking film 10 including: a particle that absorbs an infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; and an acceptor that receives the electron or the hole from the particle. A charge carrier selected from the electron and the hole is released from the heat blocking film 10 to an outside of the device. The heat blocking device 101 can function as a “heat removing” device. The heat blocking film 10 may be a single-layer film or a multilayer film.

Inventors

• Masanori Sakamoto

Assignees

• KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20210930

Priority Date

20200930

Claims (8)

1. 1 . A heat blocking device that blocks at least a part of an infrared ray with which the heat blocking device is irradiated, comprising a heat blocking film including: a particle that absorbs the infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; and an acceptor that receives the electron or the hole from the particle, wherein at least a part of charge carriers selected from the electron and the hole are released from the heat blocking film to an outside of the heat blocking device, and the heat blocking film has a light transmittance of 24% or more at a wavelength of 700 nm.
2. 2 . The heat blocking device according to claim 1 , wherein the heat blocking film has a principal surface exposed to a gas or a liquid.
3. 3 . A heat blocking device that blocks at least a part of an infrared ray with which the heat blocking device is irradiated, comprising a heat blocking film including: a particle that absorbs the infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; and an acceptor that receives the electron or the hole from the particle, and a non-light-transmissive electrode, wherein at least a part of charge carriers selected from the electron and the hole are released from the heat blocking film to an outside of the heat blocking device, and a region in which the electrode is formed is less than 50% of a light receiving region from which the infrared ray enters the device.
4. 4 . The heat blocking device according to claim 3 , wherein the heat blocking film has a principal surface exposed to a gas or a liquid.
5. 5 . A heat blocking device that blocks at least a part of an infrared ray with which the heat blocking device is irradiated, comprising a heat blocking film including: a particle that absorbs the infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; and an acceptor that receives the electron or the hole from the particle, wherein at least a part of charge carriers selected from the electron and the hole are released from the heat blocking film to an outside of the heat blocking device, and the heat blocking film is a single-layer film including the particle and the acceptor.
6. 6 . The heat blocking device according to claim 5 , wherein the particle and the acceptor are bonded to each other.
7. 7 . A heat blocking device that blocks at least a part of an infrared ray with which the heat blocking device is irradiated, comprising a heat blocking film including: a particle that absorbs the infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; and an acceptor that receives the electron or the hole from the particle, wherein at least a part of charge carriers selected from the electron and the hole are released from the heat blocking film to an outside of the heat blocking device, and the particle includes a material that can absorb an infrared ray by localized surface plasmon resonance.
8. 8 . The heat blocking device according to claim 7 , wherein the particle is an inorganic particle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat blocking device in which a particle that absorbs an infrared ray is used, a heat blocking film, and a heat blocking composition. BACKGROUND ART It has been proposed to use, for the purpose of blocking heat, a particle that absorbs an infrared ray (the particle may be referred to as “infrared-absorbing particle” hereinafter). For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a heat blocking composition including an indium tin oxide (ITO) particle and a transparent resin. Patent Literature 2 discloses a heat blocking composition including an infrared-absorbing particle, a silica particle, and a polymer emulsion particle. Patent Literature 2 also discloses, in addition to ITO, materials such as an antimony tin oxide (ATO) and zinc oxide as a material constituting the infrared-absorbing particle. Heat blocking compositions including an infrared-absorbing particle are suitable for inhibiting the amount of heat flowing in while allowing a part of incident light to permeate therethrough. Heat blocking compositions are applied onto a substrate, such as a glass plate and a resin film, to make a heat blocking film and then used as a heat blocking device together with the substrate. CITATION LIST Patent Literature Patent Literature 1: WO 2016/185951Patent Literature 2: JP 2011-181636 A SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem Heat blocking compositions and heat blocking materials including an infrared-absorbing particle have been improved aiming mainly at enhancing transmittance in a predetermined wavelength region, particularly a visible region, while inhibiting an infrared ray flowing in. Attempts to improve compositions are also made in Patent Literatures 1 and 2 basically from the same viewpoint, that is, from the viewpoint of improving wavelength selectivity. The present invention is intended to improve, from a new perspective, a heat blocking device including an infrared-absorbing particle. The present invention is also intended to provide a heat blocking film and a heat blocking composition suitable for this heat blocking device. Solution to Problem In conventional heat blocking devices including an infrared-absorbing particle, a part of energy absorbed by the particle flows, by heat transfer such as radiation, to a side, such as an indoor side, on which the incidence of an infrared ray should be restricted. Based on a new concept of inhibiting the energy absorbed by the infrared-absorbing particle from being released as heat also to the side on which the incidence of an infrared ray should be restricted, the present inventor conducted intensive studies and have completed the present invention. The present invention provides a heat blocking device that blocks at least a part of an infrared ray with which the heat blocking device is irradiated, including a heat blocking film including: a particle that absorbs the infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; and an acceptor that receives the electron or the hole from the particle, wherein at least a part of charge carriers selected from the electron and the hole are released from the heat blocking film to an outside of the heat blocking device. Also, the present invention provides a heat blocking film that blocks at least a part of an infrared ray with which the heat blocking film is irradiated, including: a particle that absorbs the infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; andan acceptor that can receive the electron or the hole from the particle, whereini) the heat blocking film is provided with a charge generating layer including the particle and a charge receiving layer including the acceptor, and the charge generating layer and the charge receiving layer are in contact with each other, orii) the heat blocking film is a single-layer film including the particle and the acceptor. The present invention further provides a heat blocking composition for forming a heat blocking film, including: a particle that absorbs an infrared ray and generates an electron and a hole; andan acceptor that can receive the electron or the hole from the particle, whereiniii) the heat blocking composition has a first composition including the particle and a second composition including the acceptor, oriv) the heat blocking composition is a composition including the particle and the acceptor. Advantageous Effects of Invention The present invention provides a new device suitable for inhibiting the energy absorbed by an infrared-absorbing particle from being released as heat. In the present invention, at least a part of charge carriers generated by infrared ray absorption move to acceptors and further are released to an outside of the device, so that recombination of the charge carriers is inhibited. As a result, release of thermal energy is inhibited. The present invention provides a film and a composition suitable for producing this device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1A is a schematic view for explaining temperature