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US-12628493-B2 - Light-emitting device and electronic apparatus including the same

US12628493B2US 12628493 B2US12628493 B2US 12628493B2US-12628493-B2

Abstract

Provided are a light-emitting device and an electron apparatus including the same. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an interlayer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The interlayer includes an emission layer and an electron transport region, the emission layer includes a host and a dopant, the electron transport region is disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode and includes a first electron transport layer and a second electron transport layer, the first electron transport layer includes a first electron-transporting material, a lowest excitation triplet (T 1 ) energy level of the first electron-transporting material is greater than a T 1 energy level of the dopant in the emission layer, and the second electron transport layer includes a second electron-transporting material and a metal dopant.

Inventors

  • Seulong KIM
  • Hyein Jeong

Assignees

  • SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20220222
Priority Date
20210223

Claims (18)

  1. 1 . A light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an interlayer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the interlayer comprises an emission layer and an electron transport region, the emission layer comprises a host and a dopant, the electron transport region is disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode and comprises a first electron transport layer and a second electron transport layer, the first electron transport layer comprises a first electron-transporting material, wherein the first electron-transporting material comprises a metal-free compound comprising at least one π electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring, a lowest excitation triplet (T 1 ) energy level of the first electron-transporting material is greater than a T 1 energy level of the dopant of the emission layer, the second electron transport layer comprises a second electron-transporting material and a metal dopant, wherein the second electron-transporting material comprises a phenanthroline-based compound, a phosphine oxide-based compound, or a combination thereof, an amount of the metal dopant in the second electron transport layer is equal to or less than about 5 wt %, wherein the metal dopant comprises an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or a combination thereof, and an amount of silver (Ag) in the second electrode is equal to or greater than about 90 wt %.
  2. 2 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first electron transport layer directly contacts the emission layer.
  3. 3 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the second electron transport layer directly contacts the second electrode.
  4. 4 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron transport region further comprises a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron injection layer, or a combination thereof.
  5. 5 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the dopant comprises a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, a delayed fluorescence dopant, or a combination thereof.
  6. 6 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the light-emitting device further comprises a hole transport region disposed between the first electrode and the emission layer, and the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, or a combination thereof.
  7. 7 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first electron transport layer does not comprise a metal.
  8. 8 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the second electron-transporting material comprises a compound represented by Formula 1, a compound represented by Formula 2, or a combination thereof: wherein in Formulae 1 and 2, Y 1 is *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—N[(L 9 ) a9 -(R 9 ) b9 ]—*′, *—C[(L 9 ) a9 -(R 9 ) b9 ][(L 10 ) a10 -(R 10 ) b10 ]—*′, *—C[(L 9 ) a9 -(R 9 ) b9 ]═C[(L 10 ) a10 -(R 10 ) b10 ]—*′, *—C[(L 9 ) a9 -(R 9 ) b9 ]═N—*′, or *—N═C[(L 10 ) a10 -(R 10 ) b10 ]—*′, k1 is 0, 1, or 2, when k1 is 0, Y 1 is not present, X 1 is N or C[(L 1 ) a1 -(R 1 ) b1 ], X 2 is N or C[(L 2 ) a2 -(R 2 ) b2 ], X 3 is N or C[(L 3 ) a3 -(R 3 ) b3 ], X 4 is N or C[(L 4 ) a4 -(R 4 ) b4 ], X 5 is N or C[(L 5 ) a5 -(R 5 ) b5 ], X 6 is N or C[(L 6 ) a6 -(R 6 ) b6 ], X 7 is N or C[(L 7 ) a7 -(R 7 ) b7 ], X 8 is N or C[(L 8 ) a8 -(R 8 ) b8 ], L 1 to L 13 may each independently be a single bond, a C 1 -C 20 alkylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 20 alkenylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 20 alkynylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 arylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 heteroarylene group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , or a divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a1 to a13 are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, R 1 to R 13 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , —Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), —B(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), —N(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), —P(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), —C(═O)(Q 1 ), —S(═O)(Q 1 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 1 ), —P(═O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), or —P(═S)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), b1 to b13 are each independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, * and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom, and R 10a is: deuterium (-D), —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group; a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, —Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), —N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), —B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), —C(═O)(Q 11 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 11 ), —P(═O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), or a combination thereof; a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, or a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -Coo aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, —Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), —N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), —B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), —C(═O)(Q 21 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 21 ), —P(═O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), or a combination thereof; or —Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), —N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), —B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), —C(═O)(Q 31 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 31 ), or —P(═O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), wherein Q 1 to Q 3 , Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 , and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently: hydrogen; deuterium; —F; —Cl; —Br; —I; a hydroxyl group; a cyano group; a nitro group; a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group; a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group; a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group; a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group; or a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, a cyano group, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, or a combination thereof.
  9. 9 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the second electron-transporting material comprises at least one of Compounds 1 to 97:
  10. 10 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the metal dopant comprises Li, Yb, or a combination thereof.
  11. 11 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode further comprises magnesium (Mg), and an amount of the magnesium is equal to or less than about 10 wt %.
  12. 12 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , further comprising: a first capping layer disposed outside the first electrode; a second capping layer disposed outside the second electrode; or the first capping layer and the second capping layer.
  13. 13 . A light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an interlayer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the interlayer comprises an emission layer and an electron transport region, the emission layer comprises a host and a dopant, the electron transport region is disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode and comprises a first electron transport layer and a second electron transport layer, the first electron transport layer comprises a first electron-transporting material, a lowest excitation triplet (T 1 ) energy level of the first electron-transporting material is greater than a T 1 energy level of the dopant of the emission layer, the second electron transport layer comprises a second electron-transporting material and a metal dopant, an amount of the metal dopant in the second electron transport layer is equal to or less than about 5 wt %, an amount of silver (Ag) in the second electrode is equal to or greater than about 90 wt % the light-emitting device further comprises a first pixel, a second pixel, and a third pixel, the emission layer comprises a first emission layer of the first pixel, a second emission layer of the second pixel, and a third emission layer of the third pixel, the first emission layer comprises a first host and a first dopant, the second emission layer comprises a second host and a second dopant, the third emission layer comprises a third host and a third dopant, and the first dopant, the second dopant, and the third dopant satisfy at least one of Inequalities 2-1 to 2-3: T 1 ( ET 1)> T 1 ( D 1) [Inequality 2-1] T 1 ( ET 1)> T 1 ( D 2) [Inequality 2-2] T 1 ( ET 1)> T 1 ( D 3) [Inequality 2-3] wherein in Inequalities 2-1 to 2-3, T 1 (ET1) is a T 1 energy level of the first electron-transporting material, T 1 (D1) is a T 1 energy level of the first dopant, T 1 (D2) is a T 1 energy level of the second dopant, and T 1 (D3) is a T 1 energy level of the third dopant.
  14. 14 . The light-emitting device of claim 13 , wherein the first emission layer emits red light having a maximum emission wavelength in a range of about 580 nm to about 750 nm, the second emission layer emits green light having a maximum emission wavelength in a range of about 490 nm to about 580 nm, and the third emission layer emits blue light having a maximum emission wavelength in a range of about 410 nm to about 490 nm.
  15. 15 . The light-emitting device of claim 13 , wherein a thickness of the first emission layer, a thickness of the second emission layer, and a thickness of the third emission layer are different from one another.
  16. 16 . The light-emitting device of claim 13 , further comprising a hole transport region disposed between the first electrode and the emission layer, wherein the hole transport region comprises: a first hole transport layer of the first pixel; a second hole transport layer of the second pixel; and a third hole transport layer of the third pixel, and a thickness of the first hole transport layer, a thickness of the second hole transport layer, and a thickness of the third hole transport layer are different from one another.
  17. 17 . An electronic apparatus comprising the light-emitting device of claim 1 .
  18. 18 . The electronic apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising a thin-film transistor, wherein the thin-film transistor comprises a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) This application claims priority to and benefits of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0024363 under 35 U.S.C. § 119, filed on Feb. 23, 2021 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field Embodiments relate to a light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus including the same. 2. Description of the Related Art Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are self-emissive devices that, as compared with devices of the related art, have wide viewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, and excellent characteristics in terms of luminance, driving voltage, response speed, and production of full-color images. Organic light-emitting devices may include a first electrode on a substrate, and a hole transport region, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on the first electrode. Holes provided from the first electrode may move toward the emission layer through the hole transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrode may move toward the emission layer through the electron transport region. Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emission layer to produce excitons. These excitons transition from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light. It is to be understood that this background of the technology section is, in part, intended to provide useful background for understanding the technology. However, this background of the technology section may also include ideas, concepts, or recognitions that were not part of what was known or appreciated by those skilled in the pertinent art prior to a corresponding effective filing date of the subject matter disclosed herein. SUMMARY Provided are a light-emitting device with low driving voltage and improved efficiency and lifespan characteristics and an electronic apparatus including the same. Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description, which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the disclosure. A light-emitting device according to an embodiment may include a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an interlayer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The interlayer may include an emission layer and an electron transport region, the emission layer may include a host and a dopant, the electron transport region may be disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode and may include a first electron transport layer and a second electron transport layer, the first electron transport layer may include a first electron-transporting material, a lowest excitation triplet (T1) energy level of the first electron-transporting material may be greater than a T1 energy level of the dopant of the emission layer, the second electron transport layer may include a second electron-transporting material and a metal dopant, an amount of the metal dopant in the second electron transport layer may be equal to or less than about 5 wt %, and an amount of silver (Ag) in the second electrode may be equal to or greater than about 90 wt %. In an embodiment, the first electron transport layer may directly contact the emission layer. In an embodiment, the second electron transport layer may directly contact the second electrode. In an embodiment, the electron transport region may further include a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the dopant in the emission layer may include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, a delayed fluorescence dopant, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the light-emitting device may further include a hole transport region disposed between the first electrode and the emission layer, and the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the first electron-transporting material may include a metal-free compound including at least one π electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring. In an embodiment, the first electron transport layer may not include a metal. In an embodiment, the second electron-transporting material may include a phenanthroline-based compound, a phosphine oxide-based compound, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the metal dopant may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the second electrode may further include magnesium (Mg), and an amount of the magnesium may be equal to or less than about 10 wt %. In an embodiment, the light-emitting device may further include a first capping layer disposed outside the first electrode, a second capping layer disposed outside the