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US-20260124258-A1 - PROBIOTIC COMPOSITIONS FOR IMPROVING HUMAN HEALTH AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE

US20260124258A1US 20260124258 A1US20260124258 A1US 20260124258A1US-20260124258-A1

Abstract

The disclosure provides novel microorganisms, such as Lactobacillus sp., Bifidobacterium sp., and Veillonella sp., and compositions thereof for improving athletic performance, enhancing exercise endurance, improving physical recovery from exercise, and reducing inflammation in a subject in need thereof.

Inventors

  • Jonathan Scheiman

Assignees

  • FitBiomics, Inc.

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20250609
Priority Date
20201125

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A composition comprising one or more of the following strains: (a) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus plantarum , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one variable region (VR) selected from the group consisting of: VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, VR5, VR6, VR7, VR8, VR9, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) VR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2; (ii) VR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 3; (iii) VR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 4; (iv) VR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 5; (v) VR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 6; (vi) VR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 7; (vii) VR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 8; (viii) VR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 9; and (ix) VR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10; (b) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus rhamnosus , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one variable region (VR) selected from the group consisting of VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, VR5, VR6, VR7, VR8, VR9, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) VR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 22; (ii) VR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 23; (iii) VR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 24; (iv) VR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 25; (v) VR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 26; (vi) VR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 27; (vii) VR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 28; (viii) VR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 29; and (ix) VR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 30; (c) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus acidophilus , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one variable region (VR) selected from the group consisting of: VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, VR5, VR6, VR7, VR8, VR9, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) VR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42; (ii) VR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 43; (iii) VR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 44; (iv) VR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 45; (v) VR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 46; (vi) VR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 47; (vii) VR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; (viii) VR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; and (ix) VR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; (d) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus paracasei , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one variable region (VR) selected from the group consisting of: VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, VR5, VR6, VR7, VR8, VR9, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) VR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 62 or SEQ ID NO: 182; (ii) VR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 63 or SEQ ID NO: 183; (iii) VR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 64 or SEQ ID NO: 184; (iv) VR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 65 or SEQ ID NO: 185; (v) VR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 66 or SEQ ID NO: 186; (vi) VR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 67 or SEQ ID NO: 187; (vii) VR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68 or SEQ ID NO: 188; (viii) VR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 69 or SEQ ID NO: 189; and (ix) VR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70 or SEQ ID NO: 190; (e) an isolated and purified Bifidobacterium longum , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one variable region (VR) selected from the group consisting of: VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, VR5, VR6, VR7, VR8, VR9, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) VR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 202, or SEQ ID NO: 222; (ii) VR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 203, or SEQ ID NO: 223; (iii) VR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 204, or SEQ ID NO: 224; (iv) VR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 205, or SEQ ID NO: 225; (v) VR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 206, or SEQ ID NO: 226; (vi) VR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 207, or SEQ ID NO: 227; (vii) VR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 208, or SEQ ID NO: 228; (viii) VR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 209, or SEQ ID NO: 229; and (ix) VR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 210, or SEQ ID NO: 230; and (f) an isolated and purified Bifidobacterium animalis lactis , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one variable region (VR) selected from the group consisting of: VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, VR5, VR6, VR7, VR8, VR9, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) VR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 102; (ii) VR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 103; (iii) VR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 104; (iv) VR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10 5 ; (v) VR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 106; (vi) VR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 107; (vii) VR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 108; (viii) VR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10 9 ; and (ix) VR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 110.
  2. 2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus plantarum , comprising a 16S rRNA gene comprising a Lactobacillus plantarum of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one constant region (CR) selected from the group consisting of: CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) CR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 11; (ii) CR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 12; (iii) CR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 13; (iv) CR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 14; (v) CR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 15; (vi) CR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 16; (vii) CR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 17; (viii) CR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 18; (ix) CR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 19; and (x) CR10 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 20.
  3. 3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus plantarum , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence with at least 97% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1.
  4. 4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises: (a) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus plantarum having deposit accession number 202103009, or a strain having all of the identifying characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum 202103009, or a mutant thereof; (b) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus rhamnosus having deposit accession number 202103010, or a strain having all of the identifying characteristics of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 202103010, or a mutant thereof; (c) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus acidophilus having deposit accession number 202103008, or a strain having all of the identifying characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus 202103008, or a mutant thereof; (d) an isolated and purified Lactobacillus paracasei having deposit accession number 202103012 or 202103018, or a strain having all of the identifying characteristics of Lactobacillus paracasei 202103012 or 202103018, or a mutant thereof; (e) an isolated and purified Bifidobacterium longum having deposit accession number 202103013, 202103014, 202103015, or a strain having all of the identifying characteristics of Bifidobacterium longum 202103013, 202103014, 202103015, or a mutant thereof; and/or (f) an isolated and purified Bifidobacterium animalis lactis having deposit accession number 202103016, 202103017, or 202103019, or a strain having all of the identifying characteristics of Bifidobacterium animalis lactis 202103016, 202103017, or 202103019, or a mutant thereof.
  5. 5 . (canceled)
  6. 6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus rhamnosus , comprising a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one constant region (CR) selected from the group consisting of: CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) CR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 31; (ii) CR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 32; (iii) CR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 33; (iv) CR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34; (v) CR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 35; (vi) CR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; (vii) CR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; (viii) CR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38; (ix) CR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 39; and (x) CR10 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40.
  7. 7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus rhamnosus , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence with at least 97% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 21.
  8. 8 .- 9 . (canceled)
  9. 10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus acidophilus , comprising a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one constant region (CR) selected from the group consisting of CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10 and any combination thereof, wherein (i) CR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; (ii) CR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; (iii) CR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; (iv) CR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 54; (v) CR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 55; (vi) CR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 56; (vii) CR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 57; (viii) CR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 58; (ix) CR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 59; and (x) CR10 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 60.
  10. 11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus acidophilus , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence with at least 97% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41.
  11. 12 .- 13 . (canceled)
  12. 14 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus paracasei , comprising a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one constant region (CR) selected from the group consisting of CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10 and any combination thereof, wherein (i) CR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71 or SEQ ID NO: 191; (ii) CR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72 or SEQ ID NO: 192; (iii) CR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 73 or SEQ ID NO: 193; (iv) CR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 74 or SEQ ID NO: 194; (v) CR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 75 or SEQ ID NO: 195; (vi) CR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 76 or SEQ ID NO: 196; (vii) CR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 77 or SEQ ID NO: 197; (viii) CR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 78 or SEQ ID NO: 198; (ix) CR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 79 or SEQ ID NO: 199; and (x) CR10 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 80 or SEQ ID NO: 200.
  13. 15 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Lactobacillus paracasei , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence with at least 97% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 61 or SEQ ID NO: 181.
  14. 16 .- 17 . (canceled)
  15. 18 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Bifidobacterium longum , comprising a 16S rRNA gene comprising a Bifidobacterium longum of claim 17 , wherein the nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one constant region (CR) selected from the group consisting of CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10 and any combination thereof, wherein (i) CR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 211, or SEQ ID NO: 231; (ii) CR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 212, or SEQ ID NO: 232; (iii) CR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 213, or SEQ ID NO: 233; (iv) CR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 214, or SEQ ID NO: 234; (v) CR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 215, or SEQ ID NO: 235; (vi) CR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 216, or SEQ ID NO: 236; (vii) CR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 217, or SEQ ID NO: 237; (viii) CR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 218, or SEQ ID NO: 238; (ix) CR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 219, or SEQ ID NO: 239; and (x) CR10 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 220, or SEQ ID NO: 240.
  16. 19 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Bifidobacterium longum , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence with at least 97% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 201, or SEQ ID NO: 221.
  17. 20 .- 21 . (canceled)
  18. 22 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Bifidobacterium animalis lactis , comprising a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one constant region (CR) selected from the group consisting of CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10 and any combination thereof, wherein (i) CR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 111; (ii) CR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 112; (iii) CR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 113; (iv) CR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 114; (v) CR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 115; (vi) CR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 116; (vii) CR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 117; (viii) CR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 118; (ix) CR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 119; and (x) CR10 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 120.
  19. 23 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the isolated and purified Bifidobacterium animalis lactis , comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence with at least 97% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 101.
  20. 24 .- 32 . (canceled)

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/911,255, filed Sep. 13, 2022, which is a U.S. National Stage Application under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/US2021/022380, filed on Mar. 15, 2021, which claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/989,226, filed on Mar. 13, 2020, U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/018,697, filed on May 1, 2020, and PCT Application No. PCT/US2020/062336, filed on Nov. 25, 2020; each of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising one or more microbial strains, and methods of use thereof in improving athletic performance. INCORPORATION OF SEQUENCE LISTING The contents of the electronic sequence listing (FIBI_002_03US_SeqList_ST26.xml; Size: 249,729 bytes; and Date of Creation: Jun. 9, 2025) are herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. BACKGROUND Human gastrointestinal microbiota, also known as gut flora or gut microbiota, comprise microorganisms that live in the digestive tracts of humans, and play a critical role in human health. These microorganisms serve a wide range of functions, such as defending against pathogens, fortifying host defense by developing and maintaining the intestinal epithelium, inducing antibody production, metabolizing indigestible compounds in food, and training the developing immune system. The gut microbiome also plays a role in the biochemical signaling between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, referred to as the gut-brain axis. Formulations comprising microorganisms are used as dietary supplements, and are deemed to provide health benefits by restoring or improving the gut microflora. These microbes may be either resident or transient; resident microbial strains live and reproduce in the digestive tract, while transient microbial strains are introduced into the body through ingested food or by means of dietary supplements. Formulations comprising microorganisms are thought to have immense potential in improving human health. Formulations comprising microorganisms may have unexplored potential in improving other human functions, such as endurance and athleticism. Pharmaceuticals that improve endurance and athleticism are in popular use. However, there remains a need to develop compositions comprising microorganisms that helps improve endurance and athleticism, for instance, promote or accelerate athletic training, performance and recovery. SUMMARY The present disclosure provides an isolated and purified Lactobacillus plantarum, comprising: a 16S rRNA gene comprising a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one variable region (VR) selected from the group consisting of: VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, VR5, VR6, VR7, VR8, VR9, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) VR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2; (ii) VR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 3; (iii) VR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 4; (iv) VR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 5; (v) VR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 6; (vi) VR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 7; (vii) VR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 8; (viii) VR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 9; and (ix) VR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10. In some embodiments, the Lactobacillus plantarum comprises at least one constant region (CR) selected from the group consisting of: CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4, CR5, CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10, and any combination thereof, wherein (i) CR1 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 11; (ii) CR2 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 12; (iii) CR3 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 13; (iv) CR4 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 14; (v) CR5 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 15; (vi) CR6 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 16; (vii) CR7 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 17; (viii) CR8 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 18; (ix) CR9 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 19; and (x) CR10 comprises a nucleic acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 20. In some embodiments, the present disclosu