US-20260124621-A1 - ULTRAFINE PULVERIZATION SYSTEM FOR RHIZOME TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

US20260124621A1US 20260124621 A1US20260124621 A1US 20260124621A1US-20260124621-A1

Abstract

Provided is an ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), relating to the technical field of TCM processing, and comprising a coarse pulverizer and a fine-ultrafine pulverizer, a feeding elevator is provided on one side of the coarse pulverizer, and a screw feeder is provided between the coarse pulverizer and the fine-ultrafine pulverizer; the coarse pulverizer includes a coarse pulverization base and a coarse pulverization upper housing, the coarse pulverization rotor is provided in a coarse pulverization blade assembly; the coarse pulverization rotor is connected to a first driving mechanism; and the fine-ultrafine pulverizer includes a fine pulverization device, a pneumatic classification device, and an ultrafine pulverization device being provided in turn from top to bottom, an annular air bag is provided outside the ultrafine pulverization device, the fine pulverization device and the ultrafine pulverization device are communicated with each other through a number of blanking channels.

Inventors

Changhe Li
Xiaowei Zhang
Bingheng Lu
Leyi Wang
Mingzheng LIU
Kang Li
Xiaoming Wang
Teng Gao
Xiangdong Liu
Huayang ZHAO
Benkai LI

Assignees

Qingdao university of technology

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20221121
Priority Date: 20221009

Claims (18)

1 . An ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), comprising a coarse pulverizer and a fine-ultrafine pulverizer, a feeding elevator is provided on one side of the coarse pulverizer, and a screw feeder is provided between the coarse pulverizer and the fine-ultrafine pulverizer; the coarse pulverizer includes a coarse pulverization base and a coarse pulverization upper housing, an installation space for a coarse pulverization rotor is formed by interiors of the coarse pulverization base and the coarse pulverization upper housing, the coarse pulverization rotor is provided in a coarse pulverization blade assembly, and a coarse pulverization screen mesh is provided under a low side of the coarse pulverization rotor; the coarse pulverization rotor is connected to a first driving mechanism; and the fine-ultrafine pulverizer includes a fine pulverization device, a pneumatic classification device, and an ultrafine pulverization device being provided in turn from top to bottom, an annular air bag is provided outside the ultrafine pulverization device, the fine pulverization device and the ultrafine pulverization device are communicated with each other through a number of blanking channels.
2 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein the coarse pulverization rotor includes a coarse pulverization spindle, a plurality of coarse pulverization first blades are mounted on the coarse pulverization spindle through a coarse pulverization blade mounting base; coarse pulverization second blades are mounted symmetrically on a side of the coarse pulverization blade assembly towards the coarse pulverization rotor.
3 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 2 , wherein a plurality of the coarse pulverization blade mounting bases are provided in intervals along an axial direction of the coarse pulverization spindle, and a plurality of mounting sections are evenly provided in a circumferential direction of the coarse pulverization blade mounting bases, and the mounting sections corresponding to each the coarse pulverization blade mounting base are connected to the coarse pulverization first blades.
4 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 2 , wherein the coarse pulverization blade assembly includes a coarse pulverization blade mounting bracket, coarse pulverization liner plates are detachably mounted on both sides of the coarse pulverization blade mounting bracket, the coarse pulverization second blades are mounted inside the coarse pulverization blade mounting bracket, and the coarse pulverization second blades extend axially along the coarse pulverization spindle.
5 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 2 , wherein the coarse pulverization blade assembly is a semi-encircled structure, both ends thereof against protruding platforms provided on an inner wall of the coarse pulverization base; the coarse pulverization screen mesh is detachably connected to the protruding platforms.
6 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein the fine pulverization device includes a fine pulverization housing and a fine pulverization upper cover plate mounted on a top of the fine pulverization housing, a fine pulverization rotor is mounted in the fine pulverization housing, and is connected to a second driving mechanism; the fine pulverization rotor includes a fine pulverization rotating shaft, a stationary blade mechanism and a movable blade mechanism that are connected to the fine pulverization rotating shaft.
7 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 6 , wherein the fine pulverization housing is a double-layer structure, grooves are formed on a side wall of an inner layer of the fine pulverization housing at intervals, and fine pulverization screen meshes are provided in the grooves; cleaning ports are provided at positions on an outer layer structure of the fine pulverization housing corresponding to the fine pulverization screen mesh, and the cleaning ports are communicated with the blanking channels.
8 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 7 , wherein the fine pulverization screen mesh includes a fine pulverization first screen mesh, and a fine pulverization second screen mesh provided on an outside of the fine pulverization first screen mesh, an aperture of the fine pulverization first screen mesh is larger than an aperture of the fine pulverization second screen mesh.
9 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 6 , wherein the stationary blade mechanism includes a fine pulverization blade fixed disc and fine pulverization stationary blades, the fine pulverization blade fixed disc is fixedly connected to the fine pulverization rotating shaft; a plurality of pin bars with edges and corners are provided along a circumference of an upper surface of the fine pulverization blade fixed disc, and a plurality of the fine pulverization stationary blades are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the fine pulverization blade fixed disc.
10 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 6 , wherein the movable blade mechanism includes a movable blade upper cover plate, fine pulverization movable blades, and a movable blade lower cover plate, the movable blade upper cover plate and the movable blade lower cover plate are mounted in turn on the fine pulverization rotating shaft; a plurality of the fine pulverization movable blades are mounted between the movable blade upper cover plate and the movable blade lower cover plate, and the fine pulverization movable blades are fitted with cylindrical bulges on the movable blade lower cover plate.
11 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein the ultrafine pulverization device includes an ultrafine pulverization housing, a plurality of fine powder feeding channels are uniformly provided on a circumferential direction of the ultrafine pulverization housing, an air inlet duct is provided below each fine powder feeding channel along a circumference, a Laval nozzle is provided in each the air inlet duct, and an air inlet end of the Laval nozzle is connected to the annular air bag.
12 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 11 , wherein an ultrafine pulverization support base is mounted at a bottom of the ultrafine pulverization housing, an ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft is provided on the ultrafine pulverization support base, and a rotating target is provided on an outer side of the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft; the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft is connected to a third driving mechanism; a surface of the rotating target is provided with a number of bulges.
13 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein the pneumatic classification device includes a classification device support housing, a negative pressure guide chamber is provided inside the classification device support housing, and one side of the negative pressure guide chamber is connected to a ventilation pipe; a classification rotating shaft is mounted inside the negative pressure guide chamber, and a classification wheel is connected to a bottom of the classification rotating shaft.
14 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 13 , wherein the classification wheel includes a classification wheel upper cover plate, classification blades, a classification wheel lower cover plate, and a diffusion cone, one end of the classification blade is connected to the classification wheel upper cover plate, an opposite end thereof is connected to the classification wheel lower cover plate, the diffusion cone is mounted in a lower side of the classification wheel lower cover plate.
15 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein the system further comprising a cyclone separator, a pulse dust collector and an induced draft fan that are sequentially connected, and the cyclone separator is connected to one side of the fine-ultrafine pulverizer.
16 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein the coarse pulverization blade assembly includes a coarse pulverization blade mounting bracket, coarse pulverization liner plates are detachably mounted on both sides of the coarse pulverization blade mounting bracket, a coarse pulverization second blades are mounted inside the coarse pulverization blade mounting bracket, and the coarse pulverization second blades extend axially along a coarse pulverization spindle.
17 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein the coarse pulverization blade assembly is a semi-encircled structure, both ends thereof against protruding platforms provided on an inner wall of the coarse pulverization base; the coarse pulverization screen mesh is detachably connected to the protruding platforms.
18 . The ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM according to claim 1 , wherein an ultrafine pulverization support base is mounted at a bottom of a ultrafine pulverization housing, an ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft is provided on the ultrafine pulverization support base, and a rotating target is provided on an outer side of the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft; the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft is connected to a third driving mechanism; a surface of the rotating target is provided with a number of bulges.

Description

This application claims priority benefits to Chinese Patent Application No. 202211227481.0, filed 9 Oct. 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) processing, and in particular to an ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome TCM. RELATED ART For the pulverization of rhizome TCM, due to the main component of the rhizome being plant fiber, which has the characteristics of greater toughness, less brittleness, and large strain energy absorbed by the material, it is difficult to pulverize. Moreover, due to the need to reduce the agglomeration of materials during pulverization, it is necessary to dry the TCM before pulverization, which results in a strong tenacity of the rhizome TCM, making it even more difficult to pulverize. In the field of TCM pulverization, most of the existing pulverization equipment is used to pulverize TCM, and reasonable pulverization methods and processes are not selected based on the different types and characteristics of TCM. At present, the pulverization method of TCM can be roughly divided into mechanical impact pulverization, pulverization medium pulverization and airflow pulverization, wherein the mechanical impact pulverization is to pulverize TCM by a high-speed rotating hammer head or blades driven by an electric motor, of which the pulverization efficiency is high, pulverization ratio is large, and the structure is simple, but most of the impact pulverizers mainly use two force fields of impact and friction to pulverize, more suitable for brittle TCM, but low efficiency of pulverizing the rhizome TCM because the shear force field is the most effective force field for the pulverization of the rhizome TCM with high toughness; in addition, the mechanical impact pulverization can usually pulverize the material to about 100 mesh (150 μm) at most, and need to consume a lot of energy and time to pulverize the material to more details; However, after a large number of studies and experiments, it has been found that most TCM need to be pulverized to a particle size of 70 μm or less, a wall-breaking can be achieved. The most commonly used equipment in the pulverization medium pulverization is the vibration mill, which uses high intensity vibration to make the material in a mill tube by high acceleration of impact, milling, etc., can pulverize tough materials, and a pulverization particle size thereof can reach 5 μm or less, to meet the requirements of the wall-breaking of the rhizome TCM; however, the mill tube and pulverization medium of the pulverization medium pulverizer will produce greater wear in the pulverization process, causing greater pollution to TCM, and cannot timely isolate the TCM ultrafine powder that has reached the fineness requirements, resulting in excessive pulverization and massive agglomeration of the TCM ultrafine powder. Airflow pulverization uses the supersonic and highly turbulent airflow generated by compressed air or superheated steam passing through the nozzle as the carrier of particles, causing actions of impact compression, friction, and shearing between particles or between particles and the fixed plate, thereby achieving the purpose of pulverization, of which a particle size of the product can reach 1-10 μm, a range of the particle size distribution is narrow, and the pulverization temperature is low because the gas expands at the nozzle to reduce the temperature; however, the airflow pulverization has high requirements for the feed particle size, and the general particle size cannot be greater than 5 mm. Therefore, before carrying out the airflow pulverization, it is necessary to pre-pulverize the material, and the typical equipment for airflow pulverization can be divided into disk airflow pulverizer, circulating tube airflow pulverizer, target airflow pulverizer, and fluidized bed opposed airflow pulverizer. Wherein, the fluidized bed opposed airflow pulverizer is the most commonly used, which uses multiple high-pressure airflows to carry material particles for high-speed movement, achieving collisions between particles, and make the particles in a fluidized state in the pulverizing room. After the particles have repeatedly collided to meet the fineness requirements, the particles that meet the standards are separated by a classification device; however, this type of pulverizer is more suitable for pulverizing fragile TCM, which consumes a large amount of energy for the pulverization of rhizome TCM; the target airflow pulverizer is to carry out pulverization through collisions between a fixed target plate and the particles carried by a high-speed airflow, and a pulverizing ability thereof is the highest among several types of pulverizers, with high efficiency, which can pulverize tough rhizome TCM, but the fixed target plate is prone to wear, resulting in pollution of TCM. SUMMARY In view of the deficiencies of the prior