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US-20260125288-A1 - ADSORBENT MATERIAL FOR OILY WASTEWATER, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND USE THEREOF

US20260125288A1US 20260125288 A1US20260125288 A1US 20260125288A1US-20260125288-A1

Abstract

An adsorbent material for oily wastewater, and a preparation method and use thereof are provided. The adsorbent material for the oily wastewater includes two or more adsorbent layers that are laminated; where water contact angles of the two or more adsorbent layers of the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater increase or decrease layer by layer along a thickness direction of the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater; each of the two or more adsorbent layers is a modified polypropylene (PP) fiber layer; and each of the two or more adsorbent layers is provided with staggered through holes.

Inventors

  • Zhouyang LIAN
  • Xuejun Wang
  • Jie Wang
  • Ziyang FANG
  • Zhengwei LUO
  • Yan Du
  • Xueying Zhang
  • Shengxiu MA
  • Guifang SHI
  • Qiang Zhou

Assignees

  • NANJING TECH UNIVERSITY

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20250306
Priority Date
20241105

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . An adsorbent material for oily wastewater, comprising two or more adsorbent layers that are laminated; wherein water contact angles of the two or more adsorbent layers of the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater increase or decrease layer by layer along a thickness direction of the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater; each of the two or more adsorbent layers is a modified polypropylene (PP) fiber layer; and each of the two or more adsorbent layers is provided with staggered through holes.
  2. 2 . The adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 1 , wherein each of the two or more adsorbent layers has a thickness of independently 1 mm to 10 mm.
  3. 3 . The adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 1 , wherein the two or more adsorbent layers have a maximum water contact angle of 125° to 145° and a minimum water contact angle of 60° to 85°.
  4. 4 . The adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 1 , wherein a PP fiber in the modified PP fiber layer has a diameter of 1 μm to 5 μm.
  5. 5 . The adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater comprises a first adsorbent layer, a second adsorbent layer, and a third adsorbent layer that are laminated in sequence.
  6. 6 . The adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 5 , wherein the first adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 125° to 145°, the second adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 90° to 120°, and the third adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 60° to 85°.
  7. 7 . The adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 1 , wherein each of the two or more adsorbent layers is connected by heating fusion or spot welding.
  8. 8 . A method for preparing the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 1 , comprising the following steps: (1) subjecting PP fiber layers to grafting modification respectively to obtain the adsorbent layers with different water contact angles; and providing the through holes in the adsorbent layers with the different water contact angles; and (2) laminating the adsorbent layers with the different water contact angles obtained in step (1) in a manner that the water contact angles increase or decrease layer by layer, and then conducting fixed connection to obtain the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater.
  9. 9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the grafting modification in step (1) comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of solution grafting, suspension grafting, plasma grafting, and blending modification.
  10. 10 . A method of using the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater of claim 1 , comprising using the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater in treating wastewater containing oily organic pollutants.
  11. 11 . The method of claim 8 , wherein each of the two or more adsorbent layers has a thickness of independently 1 mm to 10 mm.
  12. 12 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the two or more adsorbent layers have a maximum water contact angle of 125° to 145° and a minimum water contact angle of 60° to 85°.
  13. 13 . The method of claim 8 , wherein a PP fiber in the modified PP fiber layer has a diameter of 1 μm to 5 μm.
  14. 14 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater comprises a first adsorbent layer, a second adsorbent layer, and a third adsorbent layer that are laminated in sequence.
  15. 15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 125° to 145°, the second adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 90° to 120°, and the third adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 60° to 85°.
  16. 16 . The method of claim 8 , wherein each of the two or more adsorbent layers is connected by heating fusion or spot welding.
  17. 17 . The method of claim 10 , wherein each of the two or more adsorbent layers has a thickness of independently 1 mm to 10 mm.
  18. 18 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the two or more adsorbent layers have a maximum water contact angle of 125° to 145° and a minimum water contact angle of 60° to 85°.
  19. 19 . The method of claim 10 , wherein a PP fiber in the modified PP fiber layer has a diameter of 1 μm to 5 μm.
  20. 20 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater comprises a first adsorbent layer, a second adsorbent layer, and a third adsorbent layer that are laminated in sequence.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This patent application claims the benefit and priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 202411561905.6 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on Nov. 5, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety as part of the present application. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to the technical field of composites, and in particular to an adsorbent material for oily wastewater, and a preparation method and use thereof. BACKGROUND Petroleum is one of the important energy sources for human survival and development. In the exploration, mining, refining, processing and transportation of the petroleum, a large amount of wastewater containing oily organic pollutants could inevitably be produced. The oily organic pollutants in the wastewater commonly include: one is animal fat and vegetable oil, which are composed of triglycerides formed by fatty acids or glycerol of different chain lengths; the other is a liquid component of crude oil or mineral oil. The crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons, that is, all hydrocarbons are composed of straight or branched chains with a ring structure. Such wastewater entering environment directly could cause serious damage to ecosystem. Currently, main methods for treating the wastewater containing the oily organic pollutants include gravity separation, air flotation, and adsorption. Although the gravity separation and the air flotation show certain treatment effects, they are mainly aimed at high-concentration oil organic pollutants, and have a large equipment footprint and high investment and operation costs. The adsorption plays an important role during wastewater treatment. Adsorption characteristics of an adsorbent material could effectively promote adsorbing, enriching, and removing pollutants to purify the wastewater. At present, commonly used adsorbent materials for treating the wastewater containing the oily organic pollutants include oil absorbent felts, oil absorbent cottons, and oil absorbent ropes. However, these adsorbent materials have a desirable adsorption effect on pure oil or large-scale surface floating oil, but have an extremely poor effect on floating oil containing less oil, as well as wastewater containing dispersed, emulsified, and dissolved oil organic pollutants. Even the pure oil or the large-scale surface floating oil continues to decrease in concentration during the treatment, and traditional adsorbent materials are difficult to play an effective role at this time. SUMMARY Objects of the present disclosure is to provide an adsorbent material for oily wastewater, and a preparation method and use thereof. In the present disclosure, the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater shows desirable treatment capabilities for oily organic pollutants in different states. To achieve the above objects, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions. The present disclosure provides an adsorbent material for oily wastewater, including two or more adsorbent layers that are laminated; where water contact angles of the two or more adsorbent layers of the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater increase or decrease layer by layer along a thickness direction of the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater; each of the two or more adsorbent layers is a modified polypropylene (PP) fiber layer; and each of the two or more adsorbent layers is provided with staggered through holes. In some embodiments, each of the two or more adsorbent layers has a thickness of independently 1 mm to 10 mm. In some embodiments, the two or more adsorbent layers have a maximum water contact angle of 125° to 145° and a minimum water contact angle of 60° to 85°. In some embodiments, a PP fiber in the modified PP fiber layer has a diameter of 1 μm to 5 μm. In some embodiments, the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater includes a first adsorbent layer, a second adsorbent layer, and a third adsorbent layer that are laminated in sequence. In some embodiments, the first adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 125° to 145°, the second adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 90° to 120°, and the third adsorbent layer has a water contact angle of 60° to 85°. In some embodiments, each of the two or more adsorbent layers is connected by heating fusion or spot welding. The present disclosure further provides a method for preparing the adsorbent material for the oily wastewater described in the above technical solutions, including the following steps: (1) subjecting PP fiber layers to grafting modification respectively to obtain the adsorbent layers with different water contact angles; and providing the through holes in the adsorbent layers with the different water contact angles; and(2) laminating the adsorbent layers with the different water contact angles obtained in step (1) in a manner that the water contact angles increase or decrease layer by layer, and t