Search

US-20260125331-A1 - COMPOSITIONS FOR INCREASING NITROGEN SOURCES LIFE SPAN IN PLANT GROWTH MEDIUMS AND METHODS OF MAKING

US20260125331A1US 20260125331 A1US20260125331 A1US 20260125331A1US-20260125331-A1

Abstract

Disclosed are compositions and methods of making a liquid fertilizer additive solution of polymeric and/or oligomeric heterocyclic nitrogen containing nitrification inhibitors comprising a non-aqueous polar, aprotic organo liquid (NAPAOL) as the reaction medium for the reaction of aldehyde(s) with heterocyclic nitrogen containing nitrification inhibitors that have one or more aldehyde reactive groups selected from the group consisting of a) primary, b) secondary amines, c) amides, d) thiols, e) hydroxyls and f) phenols. Fertilizer compositions are disclosed comprising of a) one or more polymeric and/or oligomeric heterocyclic nitrogen containing nitrification inhibitors adducts from the reaction of aldehyde(s) with heterocyclic nitrogen containing nitrification inhibitors that have one or more aldehyde reactive groups selected from the group consisting of a) primary, b) secondary amines, c) amides, d) thiols, e) hydroxyls and f) phenols b) a non-aqueous organo solvent delivery system (NOSDS), and c) one or more nitrogen sources.

Inventors

  • Gary David McKnight
  • Randall Linwood Rayborn

Assignees

  • SOILGENIC TECHNOLOGIES, LLC

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20250814

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . An inhibited molten fertilizer comprising: a) one or more molten nitrogen sources; b) one or more chemically modified nitrogen sources; and c) a non-aqueous reaction medium, wherein the one or more chemically modified nitrogen sources are the reaction product of the one or more molten nitrogen sources with one or more formaldehyde adducts in a liquid additive; wherein the liquid additive is a solution comprising a) the one or more formaldehyde adducts and b) the non-aqueous reaction medium; wherein the compositional weight ratio of the one or more formaldehyde adducts to the non-aqueous reaction medium is in the range of about 20% to 60%, wherein the one or more formaldehyde adducts comprise dicyandiamide reacted with formaldehyde, and wherein the one or more formaldehyde adducts comprises a following structure: wherein R 43 , R 44 , R 45 , and R 46 are one or more members selected from the group consisting of: H and —CH 2 OH, and wherein at least one of R 43 , R 44 , R 45 , and R 46 comprise-CH 2 OH.
  2. 2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more molten nitrogen sources are selected from the group consisting of: a) molten urea, b) molten urea-formaldehyde reaction products, and c) molten urea-formaldehyde-ammonia reaction products.
  3. 3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the reaction medium is an aprotic liquid, wherein the reaction medium is miscible in the one or more molten nitrogen sources ensuring a more homogeneous distribution of the liquid additive throughout the one or more molten nitrogen sources.
  4. 4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more chemically modified nitrogen sources is an adduct formed when the liquid additive is charged to the one or more molten nitrogen sources at a temperature range of 100° C. to 140° C., and wherein the formaldehyde adducts reacts with the one or more molten nitrogen sources.
  5. 5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more chemically modified nitrogen sources are the reaction product of the liquid additive being charged to the one or more molten nitrogen sources at a compositional weight ratio of about 5% to 0.5% of the liquid additive and about 95% to 99.5% of the one or more molten nitrogen sources.
  6. 6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the liquid additive further comprises one or more formaldehyde adducts comprising one or more dimethylene ether functionalities.
  7. 7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the liquid additive further comprises dicyandiamide.
  8. 8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the liquid additive further comprises formaldehyde.
  9. 9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the liquid additive further comprises N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT).
  10. 10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more formaldehyde adducts comprise a molar ratio of formaldehyde to dicyandiamide of about 1:1 to 4:1.
  11. 11 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the one or more non-aqueous aprotic solvents are selected from the group consisting of: i) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ii) dialkyl, diaryl, or alkylaryl sulfoxide(s) having the formula: R 9 S(O)xR 10 , wherein R 9 and R 10 are each independently a C 1-6 alkylene group, an aryl group, or C 1 -3 alkylenearyl group or R 9 and R 10 together with the sulfur to which they are attached form a 4 to 8 membered ring wherein R 9 and R 10 together are a C 1-6 alkylene group which optionally contains one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, Se, Te, N, and P in the ring and x is 1 or 2, iii) one or more alkylene carbonates selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate and butylene carbonate, iv) one or more alkyl pyrrolidones selected from the group consisting of 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone and butyl pyrrolidone, v) one or more organo phosphorous liquids selected from the group consisting of hexamethylphosphoramide, vi) one or more trialkylphosphates selected from the group represented by the formula: wherein: R 22 is alkyl radical —C 1 H 3 to —C 6 H 13 R 23 is alkyl radical —C 1 H 3 to —C 6 H 13 R 24 is alkyl radical —C 1 H 3 to —C 6 H 13 vii) 1,2-dimethyloxyethane, viii) 2-methoxyethyl ether and ix) cyclohexylpyrrolidone.
  12. 12 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the liquid additive further comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of: a) colorant that does not contain water and/or an alcohol, and b) one or more catalysts.
  13. 13 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous reaction medium for the formation of the formaldehyde adduct is the non-aqueous reaction medium for the formation of the one or more chemically modified nitrogen sources.
  14. 14 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the one or more non-aqueous aprotic solvents comprises dimethyl sulfoxide.
  15. 15 . An inhibited molten urea composition comprising: a) molten urea; b) a chemically modified urea; and c) a non-aqueous reaction medium; wherein the chemically modified urea is the reaction product of the molten urea with one or more formaldehyde adducts in a liquid additive; wherein the liquid additive is a solution comprising a) the one or more formaldehyde adducts and b) the non-aqueous reaction medium; wherein the compositional weight ratio of the one or more formaldehyde adducts to the non-aqueous reaction medium ranges from about 20% to 60%; wherein the one or more formaldehyde adducts comprise dicyandiamide reacted with formaldehyde; wherein the one or more formaldehyde adducts comprises a following structure: wherein R 43 and R 44 , R 45 and R 46 are one or more members independently selected from the group consisting of: H, and —CH 2 OH, and wherein at least one of R 43 and R 44 , R 45 and R 46 comprise —CH 2 OH, wherein the non-aqueous reaction medium comprises dimethyl sulfoxide; and wherein the dimethyl sulfoxide is soluble in the urea ensuring a more homogeneous distribution of the liquid additive throughout the one or more molten nitrogen sources.
  16. 16 . The composition of claim 15 , wherein the one or more chemically modified urea is an adduct formed when the liquid additive is charged to the molten urea at a temperature range of 100° C. to 140° C., and wherein the formaldehyde adduct reacts with the molten urea.
  17. 17 . The composition of claim 15 , wherein the inhibited molten urea compositional percentages comprise a range of 99.5% to 95% of the urea and 0.5% to 5% of the liquid additive.
  18. 18 . The composition of claim 15 , wherein the liquid additive further comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of: a) one or more formaldehyde adducts comprising one or more dimethylene ether functionalities, b) dicyandiamide, c) formaldehyde, d) N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), e) colorant that does not contain water and/or an alcohol, and f) one or more catalysts.
  19. 19 . The composition of claim 15 , wherein the inhibited molten urea composition generates an inhibited urea particle by one or more methods selected from the group consisting of a) one or more granulation processes and b) one or more prilling processes.
  20. 20 . The composition of claim 15 , wherein the one or more formaldehyde adducts comprise dicyandiamide reacted with formaldehyde at a molar ratio of formaldehyde to dicyandiamide of about 1:1 to 4:1.

Description

The present invention claims priority under 35 USC 120 and is a continuation of Ser. No. 16/687,683 filed Nov. 18, 2019, which in turn is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/384,908 filed Apr. 16, 2019, which in turn is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/154,640 filed Oct. 8, 2018, which is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/985,656 filed May 21, 2018, which is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/967,575 filed Apr. 30, 2018, which is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/854,319 filed Dec. 26, 2017, which in turn claims priority under 35 USC 120 to U.S. application Ser. No. 15/641,264 filed Jul. 4, 2017, which in turn claims priority under 35 USC 119 to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/358,116 filed Jul. 4, 2016, the entire contents of all of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties. FIELD OF THE INVENTION In embodiments, the present invention relates to liquid formulations comprising nitrification inhibitors chemically bound within a polymer/oligomer, dispersed within a Non-aqueous Organic Solvent Delivery System (abbreviated as NOSDS) for application to nitrogen sources. The method of making these polymeric and/or oligomeric nitrification inhibitors comprise a non-aqueous polar, aprotic organo liquid (abbreviated as NAPAOL) that is utilized as the reaction medium for the reaction of aldehyde(s) with cyano-containing nitrification inhibitors that have one or more aldehyde reactive groups selected from the group consisting of a) primary amines, b) secondary amines, c) amides, d) thiols, e) hydroxyls and f) phenols and wherein the process parameters are optimized for conserving the cyano group. A non-aqueous solvent delivery system (NOSDS) can be utilized to improve the physical properties of the liquid formulation wherein the NOSDS comprises the reaction medium, NAPAOL, aprotic solvents and protic solvents which are environmentally friendly, have flashpoints above 145° F. and are inherently rated safe for contact with humans and animals. In embodiments, the present invention relates to liquid formulations containing hydrophobic, biodegradable polymers dispersed within a Non-aqueous Organic Solvent Delivery System (NOSDS) and is designed to coat fertilizer granules with a hydrophobic film utilizing simple application equipment such as mixers, blenders and tumblers. This film can impede the dissolution of fertilizer components by water improving fertilizer efficiency. The NOSDS can be aprotic solvents, protic solvents and mixtures of protic and aprotic solvents which are environmentally friendly, have flashpoints above 145° F., and are inherently rated safe for contact with humans and animals. The hydrophobic polymers are the reaction product of aldehyde(s) and nitrogen containing compounds. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Fertilizer efficiency has become a major issue in the world. The major element of fertilizer is nitrogen (N). In one study, using data from over 800 experiments, it was estimated that only 51% of the N applied was recovered by cereals plant (Dobermann and Cassman 2005). In another study, it was reported that average N recovery in cereals in China was 30-35% (Fan 2004). Phosphorous is the second largest element in fertilizer compositions and its efficiency is even lower. It was estimated to be around 10-25% (Linsay 1979). Potassium is the third largest fertilizer composition and its efficiency is around 40% (Baligar VC 1986). One of the main factors for the low efficiency of fertilizers is due to the excellent water solubility of many of its components. In practice, fertilizers are often just applied once at the beginning of the growing season. After the application, nutrients from fertilizers are dissolved in water and released to soil in amounts that are too much for plants to absorb. The unabsorbed nutrients can be leached to the environment, and find their way to surface water such as ponds, lakes and rivers or continue to leach into the sub-surface water table contaminating many of the rural community water supplies. Low efficiency of fertilizer not only increases the cost of fertilization, but also contributes significantly to environmental pollution. In the case of nitrogen based fertilizers, one of the major mechanisms for its poor efficiency is the impact of biologically driven processes on water solubilized sources of nitrogen. Urea is the main component of most nitrogen fertilizers. In the presence of soil moisture, natural or synthetic ureas are dissolved and are converted to ammonium ion by bacterial activity, making the nitrogen available for plant uptake. Ammonium can be further converted by bacteria in soil to nitrate through a process called nitrification. Nitrate is also available for plant uptake. Excess ammonia not absorbed by plants can leach into water which can be toxic to water creatures (US EPA822-R-13-001). Excess nitrates can also leach into water, causing t