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US-20260126274-A1 - PREPARATION METHOD OF MULTI-BULLET-RESISTANT CERAMIC AND BULLETPROOF INSERT PLATE

US20260126274A1US 20260126274 A1US20260126274 A1US 20260126274A1US-20260126274-A1

Abstract

A preparation method of a multi-bullet-resistant ceramic and a bulletproof insert plate are provided; the ceramic is made by sintering silicon carbide and/or boron carbide and the sintering is one or more of high-temperature sintering, reactive sintering, hot-pressed sintering, or pressureless sintering. The average grain size of the ceramic is 200 to 380 μm, the Vickers hardness is 23.5 GPa to 34 GPa, and the compression strength is 2200 MPa to 3100 MPa. The back bulge generated during bullet penetration can be effectively lowered on the precondition of ensuring the bulletproof insert plate is not penetrated by the bullet, fully satisfying the multi-faceted bulletproof requirements of the new-generation protective insert plate.

Inventors

  • Hong Zhang
  • Wensong LIN
  • XIAOPING OUYANG

Assignees

  • Zhejiang Light-Tough Composite Materials Co., Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20241119
Priority Date
20220519

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A preparation method of a multi-bullet-resistant ceramic, comprising sintering silicon carbide and/or boron carbide, wherein sintering is one or more of high-temperature sintering, reactive sintering, hot-pressed sintering, or pressureless sintering; in the reactive sintering, a sintering temperature is 1750° C. to 1900° C., a holding time is 4 to 6 hours; in the hot-pressed sintering, a sintering temperature is 2100° C. to 2250° C., a pressure is 30 Mpa, and a holding time is 2 to 3 hours; in the pressureless sintering, a sintering temperature is 2050° C. to 2150° C., and a holding time is 3 to 5 hours.
  2. 2 . The preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the silicon carbide and/or the boron carbide are obtained by performing ball milling mixing and centrifugation atomization pelletization with a moulding agent or a sintering aid; a time of the ball milling mixing is 12 to 24 h, an inlet temperature of the centrifugation atomization pelletization is 150 to 210° C., and an outlet temperature is 80 to 110° C.; a use amount of the moulding agent or the sintering aid is 2% to 15%.
  3. 3 . A ceramic made by the preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic of claim 1 , wherein an average grain size of the ceramic is 200 to 380 μm, Vickers hardness is 23.5 GPa to 34 GPa, and a compression strength is 2200 MPa to 3100 MPa.
  4. 4 . A multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate based on the ceramic of claim 3 , wherein a crack-arrest layer, a bulletproof ceramic panel, and an energy-absorbing backplate are sequentially bonded with a binder from surface to inside; a surface density is less than 25 kg/m 2 sufficient to withstand four DBP95 type 5.8 mm bullets without a full penetration, and all back bulges are less than 25 mm.
  5. 5 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 4 , wherein the crack-arrest layer is composed of an aramid woven cloth with a surface density of 0.4 to 0.8 kg/m 2 ; a surface density of the bulletproof ceramic panel is 10.5 to 13.5 kg/m 2 ; an energy-absorbing layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a unidirectional (UD) cloth of polyethylene with an ultrahigh molecular weight, with a surface density of 9.2 to 14.0 kg/m 2 .
  6. 6 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 5 , wherein a support layer is disposed between the bulletproof ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing backplate, and the support layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a carbon fiber unidirectional cloth or an aramid unidirectional cloth, with a surface density less than 1.8 kg/m 2 .
  7. 7 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 6 , wherein the aramid woven cloth is a para-aramid (aroma II) woven cloth or a heterocyclic aramid (aroma III) woven cloth, and the aramid unidirectional cloth is a para-aramid (aroma II) unidirectional cloth or a heterocyclic aramid (aroma III) unidirectional cloth.
  8. 8 . A preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 4 , comprising the following steps: 1) preparing the bulletproof ceramic panel with the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic; 2) pressing and compositing a unidirectional cloth of a polyethylene fiber with an ultrahigh molecular weight under a compositing condition of 128° C. and 25 MPa for a compositing time of 25 to 30 minutes, to obtain the energy-absorbing backplate; 3) laminating the crack-arrest layer composed of an aramid woven cloth, the bulletproof ceramic panel obtained in the step 1), and the energy-absorbing backplate obtained in the step 2) sequentially with a binder layer and compositing under a condition of 128° C. and 1.0 MPa.
  9. 9 . The preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 8 , wherein a support layer is disposed between the bulletproof ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing backplate, and the support layer is prepared with an aramid UD cloth.
  10. 10 . The preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 9 , wherein the support layer is prepared in the following step: pressing and compositing the aramid UD cloth under a condition of 128° C. and 25 MPa for a compositing time of 10 min.
  11. 11 . The ceramic of claim 3 , wherein in preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic, the silicon carbide and/or the boron carbide are obtained by performing ball milling mixing and centrifugation atomization pelletization with a moulding agent or a sintering aid; a time of the ball milling mixing is 12 to 24 h, an inlet temperature of the centrifugation atomization pelletization is 150 to 210° C., and an outlet temperature is 80 to 110° C.; a use amount of the moulding agent or the sintering aid is 2% to 15%.
  12. 12 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 4 , wherein a support layer is disposed between the bulletproof ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing backplate, and the support layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a carbon fiber unidirectional cloth or an aramid UD cloth, with a surface density less than 1.8 kg/m 2 .
  13. 13 . The preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 8 , wherein in the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate, the crack-arrest layer is composed of the aramid woven cloth with a surface density of 0.4 to 0.8 kg/m 2 ; a surface density of the bulletproof ceramic panel is 10.5 to 13.5 kg/m 2 ; an energy-absorbing layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a unidirectional cloth of polyethylene with an ultrahigh molecular weight, with a surface density of 9.2 to 14.0 kg/m 2 .
  14. 14 . The preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 13 , wherein in the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate, a support layer is disposed between the bulletproof ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing backplate, and the support layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a carbon fiber unidirectional cloth or an aramid unidirectional cloth, with a surface density less than 1.8 kg/m 2 .
  15. 15 . The preparation method of the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 14 , wherein in the multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate, the aramid woven cloth is a para-aramid (aroma II) woven cloth or a heterocyclic aramid (aroma III) woven cloth, and the aramid unidirectional cloth is a para-aramid (aroma II) unidirectional cloth or a heterocyclic aramid (aroma III) unidirectional cloth.
  16. 16 . A multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate based on the ceramic of claim 11 , wherein a crack-arrest layer, a bulletproof ceramic panel, and an energy-absorbing backplate are sequentially bonded with a binder from surface to inside; a surface density is less than 25 kg/m 2 sufficient to withstand four DBP95 type 5.8 mm bullets without a full penetration, and all back bulges are less than 25 mm.
  17. 17 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 16 , wherein the crack-arrest layer is composed of an aramid woven cloth with a surface density of 0.4 to 0.8 kg/m 2 ; a surface density of the bulletproof ceramic panel is 10.5 to 13.5 kg/m 2 ; an energy-absorbing layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a unidirectional cloth of polyethylene with an ultrahigh molecular weight, with a surface density of 9.2 to 14.0 kg/m 2 .
  18. 18 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 16 , wherein a support layer is disposed between the bulletproof ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing backplate, and the support layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a carbon fiber unidirectional cloth or an aramid unidirectional cloth, with a surface density less than 1.8 kg/m 2 .
  19. 19 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 17 , wherein a support layer is disposed between the bulletproof ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing backplate, and the support layer is formed by laminating and hot-curing a carbon fiber unidirectional cloth or an aramid unidirectional cloth, with a surface density less than 1.8 kg/m 2 .
  20. 20 . The multi-bullet-resistant ceramic protective insert plate of claim 19 , wherein the aramid woven cloth is a para-aramid (aroma II) woven cloth or a heterocyclic aramid (aroma III) woven cloth, and the aramid unidirectional cloth is a para-aramid (aroma II) unidirectional cloth or a heterocyclic aramid (aroma III) unidirectional cloth.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO THE RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation application of International Application No. PCT/CN2022/109161, filed on Jul. 29, 2022, which is based upon and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210554078.2, filed on May 19, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to a bulletproof insert plate material and a preparation method thereof, and in particular to a preparation method of a multi-bullet-resistant ceramic and a bulletproof insert plate. BACKGROUND The bulletproof ceramic is a core material for a lightweight bulletproof insert plate, which has an effect of bullet breaking and energy consumption on the penetrating bullets. In the modern baffle field environment, the rapid-fire weapons are widely applied, which proposes actual requirements for the multi-bullet-resistance of the protective insert plate. The patent with the application No. 202010643753.X discloses a bulletproof ceramic unit with closely-arranged structure, with which small ceramic blocks are spliced to increase the multi-bullet-resistant capability of the large armor blocks. The patent with the application No. 201920946066.8 discloses a bulletproof insert plate structure, in which two layers of small ceramic plates are spliced staggeredly to avoid the bulletproof weakness resulting from ceramic overlapping seams while improving its multi-bullet-resistant capability. The patent with the application No. 201220010296.1 discloses a bulletproof material plate with composite structure, whose core point is still to form a ceramic layer by splicing the units composed of ceramic plates or ceramic particles. In the splicing manner of small ceramic blocks, the influence of the ceramic fragments near the bullet points of impact on surrounding ceramic units can be reduced to some extent, such that the other parts of the armor can remain complete to some extent so as to improve its multi-bullet-resistant capability. But the risk brought by the splicing seams is obvious and the wearing comfort brought by the spliced ceramic plates is relatively poor. The latest version of GA141-2010 Policemen Bulletproof Vests of China especially emphasizes that “when selecting the bulletproof vests, the users should take full consideration of the weight and comfort of the bulletproof vests to improve the wearing rate of the bulletproof vests”. At present, most of the users at home and abroad require use of integral ceramic plate as bulletproof panel. In many research literatures, it is proposed to add a toughening phase in the ceramic, hoping to improve the multi-bullet-resistant capability of the ceramic by improving the toughness of the ceramic. The results of the actual tests demonstrate that under the high-velocity impact load of the bullets, the conventional toughening measures cannot stop the propagation of the cracks on the integral ceramic plate, not helping much in the multi-bullet-resistant capability of the bulletproof insert plate. SUMMARY In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior arts, the present disclosure provides a preparation method of a multi-bullet-resistant ceramic and a bulletproof insert plate, so as to solve the problems in the prior arts. A bulletproof ceramic composited by silicon carbide or boron carbide or both can, after going through ultrahigh temperature sintering, have coarse grain structure, higher and more uniform hardness and compression strength, and higher impact brittleness. Therefore, a bulletproof insert plate composited by using such ceramic and appropriate backplate has low volume weight and high bulletproofness and thus can be used as insert plate for protecting human bodies to withstand the multi-bullet penetration of small and medium-caliber bullets such as DBP95 type 5.8 mm (stainless steel core) bullets. In order to achieve the above objects, the present disclosure provides a preparation method of a multi-bullet-resistant ceramic, including: sintering silicon carbide and/or boron carbide. The sintering is one or more of high-temperature sintering, reactive sintering, hot-pressed sintering, or pressureless sintering. In the reactive sintering, the sintering temperature is 1750° C. to 1900° C., the holding time is 4 to 6 hours; in the hot-pressed sintering, the sintering temperature is 2100° C. to 2250° C., the pressure is 30 MPa and the holding time is 2 to 3 hours; in the pressureless sintering, the sintering temperature is 2050° C. to 2150° C. and the holding time is 3 to 5 hours. Preferably, the silicon carbide and/or boron carbide are obtained by performing ball milling mixing and centrifugation atomization pelletization with a moulding agent or a sintering aid. The time of the ball milling mixing is 12 to 24 h, the inlet temperature of the centrifugation atomization pelletization is 150 to 210° C., and the outlet temperature is 80 to 110° C.; the use amount of the moulding agent or t