US-20260127685-A1 - SYSTEM AND METHOD OF INTEGRATED WATER AND FERTILIZER PLANTING AND INDUSTRIAL COLLABORATION FOR TERRACED FIELD IN ECOLOGICALLY FRAGILE AREA

US20260127685A1US 20260127685 A1US20260127685 A1US 20260127685A1US-20260127685-A1

Abstract

A system of integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration for a terraced field in an ecologically fragile area includes a hardware part, a software part, a water balance and osmosis model, a water and fertilizer optimization and adjustment model, and an industry collaboration model. The hardware part includes a terraced field intelligent irrigation equipment, soil moisture sensors, a meteorological station, a fertilizer application device, an underground water storage system, and a solar power supply. The system introduces the water balance and osmosis model to effectively manage water resources in terraced field. By integrating data from the soil sensors and meteorological station, it automatically optimizes the methods of irrigation and fertilization, preventing water waste and soil erosion. The water and fertilizer optimization and adjustment model can dynamically adjust the application of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus fertilizers based on real-time environmental data and crop requirements.

Inventors

Wenyi Yao
Yan Wu
Mian Li
Binbin Li
Hao Hu
Fengdong Wu
TONG DUAN
Pan Zhang
Peng Jiao
Haibin ZHAO
Fang Zhang
Wenmin ZHANG
Jiayu Chen
Gaogong Wei
Yuangtan Zhong
Yanfei Zuo
Zhenzhou Shen
Zongrui Zhao
Shuangjiang LI
Zuolong Hu
Feng Feng
Wenxian Liu
Peiqing Xiao

Assignees

HENAN WATER ENVIRONMENT SURVEY AND DESIGN CO., LTD
Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, YRCC
Henan Shangyu Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd
YELLOW RIVER CONSERVANCY TECHNICAL COLLEGE

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20250124
Priority Date: 20241107

Claims (8)

1 . A system of integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration for a terraced field in an ecologically fragile area, comprising: a hardware part, a software part, a water balance and osmosis model, a water and fertilizer optimization and adjustment model, and an industrial collaboration model; wherein the hardware part comprises terraced field irrigation equipment, soil moisture sensors, a meteorological station, fertilizer application devices, an underground water storage system, and a solar power supply; the terraced field irrigation equipment is configured to monitor humidity, temperature, and climatic conditions of the terraced field in real time through the soil moisture sensors and the meteorological station, and combine topographical features and crop requirements to achieve water and fertilizer management; wherein the software part comprises a data management platform, an control algorithm, an industrial collaboration module, and an economic benefit analysis module, and the software part is configured to integrate ecological and economic benefits; wherein the water balance and osmosis model is configured to manage water resources of the terraced field to thereby avoid soil erosion and achieve efficient utilization of the water resources as per a composite formula as follows: W ⁡ ( t ) = W 0 + P - ET c - ( R s + R g ) - D where W(t) represents current soil moisture, W 0 represents initial soil moisture, P represents precipitation, ET c represents transpiration of crops, R s represents a surface runoff, R g represents a subsurface runoff, and D represents a deep percolation; the system is configured to adjust an irrigation method based on the water balance and osmosis model in combination with slopes and soil characteristics of different regions of the terraced field to reduce waste of water resources; wherein the water and fertilizer optimization and adjustment model is configured to achieve refined water and fertilizer management for the different regions of the terraced field as per an optimization formula as follows: F ⁡ ( t ) = ∫ t 0 t 1 [ N ⁡ ( t ) · f 1 ( S t , P t ) + K ⁡ ( t ) · f 2 ( T , H ) + P ⁡ ( t ) · f 3 ( W , A ) ] ⁢ dt where F(t) represents a total application amount of fertilizers; N(t), K(t), P(t) represent time functions of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer, respectively; f 1 (S t , P t ) represents a function of a nitrogen fertilizer application dynamically adjusted according to soil moisture S t and precipitation P t ; f 2 (T, H) represents a function of a potassium fertilizer application adjusted according to temperature T and humidity H; f 3 (W, A) represents a function of a phosphorus fertilizer application adjusted according to a crop growth cycle W and an area A of each of the regions of the terraced field; wherein the system is, based on the water and fertilizer optimization and adjustment model, capable of dynamically adjusting supplies of water and fertilizer based on real-time environmental data and crop requirements, thereby ensuring efficient resource utilization; wherein the industrial collaboration model is configured to maximize an integration of ecological and economic benefits and introduce a multi-objective optimization model to collaborate a regional industrial planning as per a formula as follows: E ⁡ ( t ) = max ⁢ ( ∫ t 0 t 1 [ α 1 · Y c ( t ) - β 1 · C c ( t ) ] ⁢ dt ) + max ⁢ ( ∫ t 0 t 1 [ α 2 · Y f ( t ) - β 2 · C f ( t ) ] ⁢ d ⁢ t ) where E(t) represents an overall economic benefit; Y c (t) and Y f (t) represent an output quantity of crops and an output quantity of fruits, respectively; C c (t) and C f (t) represent a planting cost of crops and a planting cost of fruits, respectively; α 1 and α 2 represent weight coefficients of the output quantity of crops and the output quantity of fruits, respectively; β 1 and β 2 represent weight coefficients of the planting cost of crops and the planting cost of fruits, respectively; wherein the system is, based on the industrial collaboration model, capable of dynamically optimizing multiple industries including agriculture and forestry according to soil characteristics and water resources of the different regions of the terraced field, thereby enhancing the overall economic benefit of the terraced field.
2 . The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the function f 1 (S t , P t ) is configured to dynamically regulate an application amount of the nitrogen fertilizer based on changes in the soil moisture S t and the precipitation P t , to prevent a loss of nitrogen fertilizer or an insufficient supply of nitrogen fertilizer, and the function f 1 (S t , P t ) is expressed as follows: f 1 ( S t , P t ) = γ 1 · ( S t S opt ) · exp ⁡ ( - δ 1 · P t ) where S opt represents an optimal soil moisture; γ 1 represents an application coefficient of nitrogen fertilizer; and δ 1 represents a coefficient of controlling an effect of the precipitation on the application amount of the nitrogen fertilizer; wherein the potassium fertilizer application is closely related to the temperature T and the humidity H, especially an absorption rate of crops to the potassium fertilizer changes under different temperature conditions, and the function f 2 (T, H) is expressed as follows: f 2 ( T , H ) = γ 2 . T T opt · exp ⁡ ( - δ 2 · ❘ "\[LeftBracketingBar]" H - H opt ❘ "\[RightBracketingBar]" ) where T opt represents an optimal growth temperature, H opt represents optimal humidity, γ 2 represents a coefficient of the potassium fertilizer application, and 82 represents a regulation coefficient of the temperature T and the humidity H on the potassium fertilizer application; wherein the phosphorus fertilizer application is closely related to crop growth stages, the phosphorus fertilizer application varies at different crop growth stages in the crop growth cycle W, and areas A of the regions of the terraced field are taken in consideration to ensure that each unit of area receives sufficient nutrients, and the function f 3 (W, A) is expressed as follows: f 3 ( W , A ) = α 3 · W W max · A where W max represents a maximum crop growth cycle, and α 3 represents an application coefficient of phosphorus fertilizer.
3 . The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the soil moisture sensors comprise a potential of hydrogen (pH) sensor and a nutrient sensor, the pH sensor and the nutrient sensor are configured to monitor a pH value, a nutrient content, and moisture of soil in the terraced field in real time; the meteorological station is configured to monitor a wind speed, the precipitation, the temperature, and the humidity in real time, and transmit data of the wind speed, the precipitation, the temperature, and the humidity through the data management platform for adjusting irrigation and fertilization methods; the underground water storage system comprises a water reservoir and a rainwater collection system, and is configured to collect and store rainwater to thereby reduce waste of water resources and provide supplementary water sources for irrigation; and the water and fertilizer optimization and regulation model is configured to combine the crop growth cycle and changes in soil fertility.
4 . A method of integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration for a terraced field in an ecologically fragile area, comprising: step a, arranging a terraced field irrigation equipment, soil moisture sensors, a meteorological station, fertilizer application devices, an underground water storage system, and a solar power supply in the terraced field in the ecologically fragile area, and monitoring humidity, temperature, and climatic conditions of the terraced field in real time; step b, dynamically analyzing, based on data collected by the soil moisture sensors and the meteorological station, variables of soil moisture, temperature, precipitation and a wind speed in each of regions of the terraced field, and generating optimized water and fertilizer management methods for the respective regions of the terraced field through a data management platform; step c, using a water balance and osmosis model to optimize scheduling of water resources, thereby preventing soil erosion and achieving an efficient utilization of water resources; step d, adjusting irrigation methods in consideration of slopes, soil structures, and vegetation characteristics of the regions of the terraced field to ensure an optimal allocation of water resources; step e, using a water and fertilizer optimization and adjustment model to determine application amounts of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, and dynamically adjusting supplies of water and fertilizer according to factors including the soil moisture, the precipitation, the temperature, the humidity, crop growth cycles, and areas of the respective regions; step f, dynamically monitoring a nutrient content and a pH value of soil, and optimizing, in combination with the crop growth cycles, fertilization methods to prevent nutrient loss and improve soil quality; step g, inputting real-time data of supplies of water and fertilizer and crop growth requirements into an control algorithm to automatically adjust the irrigation methods and application amounts of fertilizers, ensuring efficient resource utilization; step h, monitoring environmental conditions in real time through the meteorological station and adjusting system operating parameters, to avoid unnecessary waste of water and fertilizer; step i, using an underground water storage system to collect and store rainwater for irrigation, thereby minimizing waste of water resources and improving water resource utilization of the terraced field; step j, using an industrial collaboration model to optimize a regional industrial layout and thereby enhance an overall economic benefit, and dynamically optimizing industries including agriculture and forestry according to soil and water resources of the respective regions in the terraced field; step k, analyzing input-output ratios of the respective regions, and automatically planning optimal crop planting types and areas to achieve ecological and industrial collocation in the respective regions of the terraced field; and step l, generating a report through an economic benefit analysis module to assess efficiency of water resource utilization, improvement of soil quality, and a change of crop yield, and making, in combination with ecological protection and industrial benefits, dynamic adjustments on supplies of water and fertilizer.
5 . The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer is dynamically adjusted according to the soil moisture and the precipitation, in combination with the crop growth requirements, to thereby prevent loss or insufficient supply of nitrogen fertilizer.
6 . The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the control algorithm optimizes water and fertilizer management of the terraced field through machine learning, and dynamically adjust the supplies of water and fertilizer based on historical data, meteorological forecasts, and the crop growth cycles.
7 . The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the industrial collaboration model analyzes ecological conditions, crop planting types, and water resource utilization in the respective regions of the terraced field and optimizes a regional industrial planning, thereby achieving a coordinated development of agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry.
8 . The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the economic benefit analysis module compares crop yields and the input-output ratios of the respective regions of the terraced field to generate an optimized industrial layout, and evaluates utilization efficiency of the water resources and the fertilizers.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The disclosure relates to the technical field of integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration, and particularly to a system and a method of integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration for a terraced field in an ecologically fragile area. BACKGROUND Ecologically fragile areas mainly refer to areas with low environmental carrying capacity and ecosystems that are easily disturbed and damaged by external factors, such as areas with poisonous sandstone and wind-sand regions. Due to harsh natural conditions, these areas suffer from prominent problems like soil erosion and land desertification. Traditional agricultural production methods often fail to maintain stable yields. Therefore, for these areas, a system of terraced field integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration in ecologically fragile areas is provided, which aims to optimize agricultural management measures and improve a utilization rate of resources as well as a capacity for ecological recovery. A main content of the system includes: in the ecologically fragile areas, land is transformed through a construction of terraces, which can effectively reduce soil erosion and increase a water retention capacity of soil. In these areas, due to a shortage of water resources and poor soil fertility, it is essential to maximize an efficiency of resource utilization to promote crop growth. Based on characteristics of the ecologically fragile areas, suitable crop varieties and planting patterns are selected. By promoting planting patterns suitable for the ecologically fragile areas and combining local resource endowments, characteristic agricultural industries are developed, such as a cultivation of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs and ecological tourism, to promote a sustainable development of regional economy. However, due to severe natural conditions in the ecologically fragile areas, the existing integrated water and fertilizer technology still fails to fully improve the efficiency of resource utilization. How to maximize the conservation and efficient use of water resources and enhance soil quality is the primary problem that urgently needs to be solved. Although a mode of planting and industrial collaboration has been proposed, the interconnectivity between various industries is insufficient, and an effective industrial chain and economic benefits have not been formed. Therefore, how to effectively plan and implement industrial collaboration and enhance an integration of ecological and economic benefits is another key problem. SUMMARY To solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the disclosure provide a system and a method of integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration for a terraced field in an ecologically fragile area, which address the problems of how to maximize a conservation and efficient use of water resources and improve soil quality, and how to effectively plan and implement industrial collaboration to enhance an integration of ecological and economic benefits. To achieve above purposes, a system of integrated water and fertilizer planting and industrial collaboration for a terraced field in an ecologically fragile area is provided. The system includes a hardware part, a software part, a water balance and osmosis model, a water and fertilizer optimization and adjustment model, and an industry collaboration model. The hardware part includes terraced field intelligent irrigation equipment, soil moisture sensors, a meteorological station, fertilizer application devices, an underground water storage system, and a solar power supply. The terraced field intelligent irrigation equipment is configured to monitor humidity, temperature, and climatic conditions of the terraced field in real time through the soil moisture sensors and the meteorological station, and combine topographical features and crop requirements to achieve precise water and fertilizer management. The software part includes a data management platform, an intelligent control algorithm, an industrial collaboration module, and an economic benefit analysis module, and the software part is configured to integrate ecological and economic benefits. An optimized integrated water and fertilizer solution for respective regions of the terraced field is provided through data analysis, thereby achieving precise control of water resources of the terraced field, and coordinating an optimal regional industry layout. In an embodiment, the data management platform includes an agricultural science big data platform and a smart agriculture big data platform, the agricultural science big data platform is configured to manage and analyze data in an agricultural field, and integrate sensor data and meteorological data to provide decision support. The smart agriculture big data platform is configured to integrate agricultural production data to support agricultural decision-making, cov