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US-20260128609-A1 - POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT AND RELATED APPARATUS

US20260128609A1US 20260128609 A1US20260128609 A1US 20260128609A1US-20260128609-A1

Abstract

A power supply circuit and a related apparatus, used in the field of terminal technologies, are provided. The power supply circuit includes: an EIS module connected to a battery, a controller, and a power management module. The EIS module is connected to the controller, and the controller is connected to the power management module. The EIS module may detect an internal resistance of the battery and transmit the internal resistance of the battery to the controller. The controller may obtain a charge cutoff voltage and/or a charge cutoff current of the battery according to the internal resistance of the battery, and send a first control signal to the power management module. The power management module may control the charge cutoff voltage and/or the charge cutoff current of the battery according to the first control signal.

Inventors

  • Xing Wang
  • Ruichao Tang

Assignees

  • HONOR DEVICE CO., LTD.

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20260105
Priority Date
20230818

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A terminal device comprising: a power supply circuit comprising an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) module, a controller, and a power management module, wherein the EIS module is connected to the controller, the controller is connected to the power management module, and the EIS module is further configured to connect to a battery; the EIS module is configured to detect an internal resistance of the battery; the controller is configured to obtain a charge cutoff voltage and/or a charge cutoff current of the battery according to the internal resistance of the battery, and send a first control signal to the power management module, wherein the first control signal comprises the charge cutoff voltage and/or the charge cutoff current; and the power management module is configured to control the charge cutoff voltage and/or the charge cutoff current of the battery according to the first control signal.
  2. 2 . The terminal device according to claim 1 , wherein the EIS module comprises: a detection unit and a control unit, wherein an input end of the detection unit is connected to a first end of the control unit, and an output end of the detection unit is connected to a second end of the control unit; the control unit is configured to control, through the first end, the detection unit to output a plurality of disturbance signals to the battery, wherein frequencies of the plurality of disturbance signals are different; the detection unit is configured to detect a plurality of voltage signals output by the battery under the plurality of disturbance signals, and convert the plurality of voltage signals into a plurality of digital signals; and the control unit is further configured to obtain the plurality of digital signals through the second end, and obtain the internal resistance of the battery based on the plurality of digital signals.
  3. 3 . The terminal device according to claim 2 , wherein the disturbance signal comprises: a square wave or a quasi-square wave.
  4. 4 . The terminal device according to claim 3 , wherein the detection unit comprises: a first resistor, a switch tube Q 1 , a first differential amplifier, and an analog to digital converter; one end of the first resistor is connected to a positive electrode of the battery, the other end of the first resistor is connected to a first electrode of the switch tube Q 1 , and a second electrode of the switch tube Q 1 is grounded; a first input end of the first differential amplifier is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, a second input end of the first differential amplifier is connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and an output end of the first differential amplifier is connected to an input end of the analog to digital converter; the input end of the detection unit is a control electrode of the switch tube Q 1 ; the output end of the detection unit is an output end of the analog to digital converter; the control unit is configured to control, through the first end, the switch tube Q 1 to be turned on or turned off, to control the detection unit to output the plurality of disturbance signals to the battery; the first differential amplifier is configured to amplify a difference between a voltage at the positive electrode of the battery and a voltage at the negative electrode of the battery based on a first amplification coefficient; the analog to digital converter is configured to convert a plurality of voltage signals output by the first differential amplifier into the plurality of digital signals, and transmit the plurality of digital signals to the control unit; and the control unit is configured to obtain the internal resistance of the battery based on the plurality of digital signals.
  5. 5 . The terminal device according to claim 4 , wherein the control unit is configured to control, through the first end, the switch tube Q 1 to be turned on or turned off according to a duty cycle of 50%.
  6. 6 . The terminal device according to claim 4 , wherein the control unit is configured to perform Fourier transform on the plurality of digital signals, to obtain voltage values corresponding to a plurality of frequencies; the control unit is further configured to calculate ratios of the voltage values corresponding to the plurality of frequencies to a value of a current flowing through the first resistor, to obtain impedances of the battery at the plurality of frequencies; and the control unit is further configured to perform fitting processing on the impedances of the battery at the plurality of frequencies, to obtain the internal resistance of the battery.
  7. 7 . The terminal device according to claim 4 , wherein the detection unit further comprises: a constant current source; the constant current source is connected between the first resistor and the battery, or the constant current source is connected between the first resistor and the switch tube Q 1 ; and the constant current source is configured to stabilize the current flowing through the first resistor.
  8. 8 . The terminal device according to claim 7 , wherein the constant current source comprises: a second differential amplifier, a second resistor, and a switch tube Q 2 ; the constant current source is connected between the first resistor and the battery, a first electrode of the switch tube Q 2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, a second electrode of the switch tube Q 2 is connected to one end of the first resistor, a control electrode of the switch tube Q 2 is connected to an output end of the second differential amplifier, and a first input end of the second differential amplifier is configured to input a first reference voltage; and a second input end of the second differential amplifier is connected to the other end of the second resistor, and one end of the second resistor is connected to the second electrode of the switch tube Q 2 .
  9. 9 . The terminal device according to claim 7 , wherein the constant current source comprises: a second differential amplifier, a second resistor, and a switch tube Q 2 ; the constant current source is connected between the first resistor and the switch tube Q 1 , a first electrode of the switch tube Q 2 is connected to the other end of the first resistor, a second electrode of the switch tube Q 2 is connected to the first electrode of the switch tube Q 1 , a control electrode of the switch tube Q 2 is connected to an output end of the second differential amplifier, and a first input end of the second differential amplifier is configured to input a first reference voltage; and a second input end of the second differential amplifier is connected to the other end of the second resistor, and one end of the second resistor is connected to the second electrode of the switch tube Q 2 ; and the second differential amplifier is configured to adjust a voltage at the control electrode of the switch tube Q 2 based on a voltage at the other end of the second resistor and the first reference voltage, to stabilize a voltage at one end of the second resistor.
  10. 10 . The terminal device according to claim 7 , wherein the constant current source comprises: a switch tube Q 3 , a third differential amplifier, a third resistor, a fourth differential amplifier, and a fourth resistor; when the constant current source is located between the first resistor and the battery, a first electrode of the switch tube Q 3 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, a second electrode of the switch tube Q 3 is connected to one end of the third resistor, and a control electrode of the switch tube Q 3 is connected to an output end of the third differential amplifier; the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the first resistor; a first input end of the third differential amplifier is configured to input a second reference voltage; a second input end of the third differential amplifier is connected to one end of the fourth resistor; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to an output end of the fourth differential amplifier; and one end of the third resistor is connected to a first input end of the fourth differential amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to a second input end of the fourth differential amplifier.
  11. 11 . The terminal device according to claim 7 , wherein the constant current source comprises: a switch tube Q 3 , a third differential amplifier, a third resistor, a fourth differential amplifier, and a fourth resistor; when the constant current source is located between the first resistor and the switch tube Q 1 , a first electrode of the switch tube Q 3 is connected to the other end of the first resistor, a second electrode of the switch tube Q 3 is connected to one end of the third resistor, and a control electrode of the switch tube Q 3 is connected to an output end of the third differential amplifier; the other end of the third resistor is connected to the first electrode of the switch tube Q 1 ; a first input end of the third differential amplifier is configured to input a second reference voltage; a second input end of the third differential amplifier is connected to one end of the fourth resistor; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to an output end of the fourth differential amplifier; and one end of the third resistor is connected to a first input end of the fourth differential amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to a second input end of the fourth differential amplifier; the fourth differential amplifier is configured to output a voltage based on a voltage difference between two ends of the third resistor, wherein the voltage output by the fourth differential amplifier is directly proportional to the voltage difference between the two ends of the third resistor; and the third differential amplifier is configured to adjust a voltage at the control electrode of the switch tube Q 3 based on the second reference voltage and a voltage at one end of the fourth resistor, to stabilize the voltage difference between the two ends of the third resistor.
  12. 12 . The terminal device according to claim 4 , wherein the detection unit further comprises: a capacitor C 1 and/or a capacitor C 2 ; one end of the capacitor C 1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the other end of the capacitor C 1 is connected to the first input end of the first differential amplifier; one end of the capacitor C 2 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, and the other end of the capacitor C 2 is connected to the second input end of the first differential amplifier; the capacitor C 1 is configured to filter out a direct current component of a voltage input to the first input end of the first differential amplifier; and the capacitor C 2 is configured to filter out a direct current component of a voltage input to the second input end of the first differential amplifier.
  13. 13 . The terminal device according to claim 12 , wherein the detection unit further comprises: a first switch unit and a fifth differential amplifier; a first input end of the first switch unit is connected to the output end of the first differential amplifier; a second input end of the first switch unit is connected to an output end of the fifth differential amplifier; an output end of the first switch unit is connected to the analog to digital converter; a first input end of the fifth differential amplifier is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and a second input end of the fifth differential amplifier is connected to the negative electrode of the battery; the control unit is configured to: when a switching frequency of the switch tube Q 1 is greater than a first value, control the first input end of the first switch unit to be connected to the output end of the first switch unit, so that the first differential amplifier is connected to the analog to digital converter; and the control unit is configured to: when the switching frequency of the switch tube Q 1 is less than or equal to the first value, control the second input end of the first switch unit to be connected to the output end of the first switch unit, so that the fifth differential amplifier is connected to the analog to digital converter.
  14. 14 . The terminal device according to claim 13 , wherein the first switch unit comprises: a switch S 1 and a switch S 2 ; a first electrode of the switch S 1 is connected to the output end of the first differential amplifier, a second electrode of the switch S 1 is connected to the analog to digital converter, and a control electrode of the switch S 1 is controlled by the control unit; a first electrode of the switch S 2 is connected to the output end of the fifth differential amplifier, a second electrode of the switch S 2 is connected to the analog to digital converter, and a control electrode of the switch S 2 is controlled by the control unit; the control unit is configured to: when the switching frequency of the switch tube Q 1 is greater than the first value, control the switch S 1 to be turned on and the switch S 2 to be turned off, so that the first differential amplifier is connected to the analog to digital converter; and the control unit is further configured to: when the switching frequency of the switch tube Q 1 is less than or equal to the first value, control the switch S 1 to be turned off and the switch S 2 to be turned on, so that the fifth differential amplifier is connected to the analog to digital converter.
  15. 15 . The terminal device according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to obtain a discharge cutoff voltage and/or a discharge cutoff current of the battery based on the internal resistance of the battery, and send a second control signal to the power management module, wherein the second control signal further comprises: the discharge cutoff voltage and/or the discharge cutoff current.
  16. 16 . The terminal device according to claim 15 , wherein the power management module is further configured to control the discharge cutoff voltage and/or the discharge cutoff current of the battery according to the second control signal.
  17. 17 . The terminal device according to any claim 1 , wherein the circuit further comprises: an electricity meter; the electricity meter is connected to the controller; the electricity meter is configured to detect a current of the battery and transmit the current of the battery to the controller; and the controller is configured to: when duration over which the current of the battery is less than a first threshold lasts for first duration, control the EIS module to detect the internal resistance of the battery.
  18. 18 . The terminal device according to claim 17 , wherein the electricity meter comprises: a fifth resistor and a sixth differential amplifier; the circuit further comprises: a second switch unit; the EIS module comprises: a first differential amplifier and an analog to digital converter; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, a first input end of the sixth differential amplifier is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, a second input end of the sixth differential amplifier is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor, and an output end of the sixth differential amplifier is connected to a first input end of the second switch unit; a second input end of the second switch unit is connected to an output end of the first differential amplifier, and an output end of the second switch unit is connected to the analog to digital converter; the second switch unit is controlled by the controller; the electricity meter is configured to obtain the current of the battery based on a voltage signal of the fifth resistor that is determined by the sixth differential amplifier and a resistance of the fifth resistor.
  19. 19 . The terminal device according to claim 18 , wherein the controller is further configured to: when the duration over which the current of the battery is less than the first threshold lasts for the first duration, control the first input end of the second switch unit to be connected to the output end of the second switch unit, so that the first differential amplifier is connected to the analog to digital converter; and the controller is further configured to: when the current of the battery is greater than or equal to the first threshold, control the second input end of the second switch unit to be connected to the output end of the second switch unit, so that the sixth differential amplifier is connected to the analog to digital converter.
  20. 20 . The terminal device according to claim 1 , wherein the circuit further comprises: a first protection circuit, a second protection circuit, a first switch M 1 , a second switch M 2 , a third switch M 3 , and a fourth switch M 4 ; a first detection end of the first protection circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, a first control end of the first protection circuit is connected to a control end of the first switch M 1 , a second control end of the first protection circuit is connected to a control end of the second switch M 2 , a first detection end of the second protection circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, a first control end of the second protection circuit is connected to a control end of the third switch M 3 , and a second control end of the second protection circuit is connected to a control end of the fourth switch M 4 ; one connection end of the first switch M 1 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the other connection end of the first switch M 1 is connected to one connection end of the second switch M 2 , the other connection end of the second switch M 2 is connected to one connection end of the third switch M 3 , the other connection end of the third switch M 3 is connected to one connection end of the fourth switch M 4 , and the other connection end of the fourth switch M 4 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery; the first protection circuit is configured to, when detecting that the battery has a phenomenon of overvoltage, undervoltage, and/or overcurrent, control the first switch M 1 and/or the second switch M 2 to be turned off, to disconnect the battery from a load; and the second protection circuit is configured to: when detecting that the battery has the phenomenon of overvoltage, undervoltage, and/or overcurrent, control the third switch M 3 and/or the fourth switch M 4 to be turned off, to disconnect the battery from the load.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2024/081523, filed on Mar. 13, 2024, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202311052405.5, filed on Aug. 18, 2023, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. TECHNICAL FIELD This application relates to the field of terminal technologies, and in particular, to a power supply circuit and a related apparatus. BACKGROUND With the development and progress of society, terminal devices such as a mobile phone and a tablet computer have become an indispensable part of people's life. A terminal device is usually equipped with a battery, to facilitate use by a user. However, after the terminal device is used for a long time, a phenomenon such as insufficient charging of the battery for a long time, overheat of the battery, or bulging of the battery may occur, and safety of the battery is low. SUMMARY Embodiments of this application provide a power supply circuit and a related apparatus, used in the field of terminal technologies. An internal resistance of a battery is detected through an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) module, and a charging policy of the battery is adjusted based on the internal resistance of the battery. Based on the internal resistance of the battery, an aging degree of the battery is represented and adjusted, to reduce a case in which the charging policy does not match the aging degree of the battery, so as to reduce phenomena such as heat generation, bulging, and insufficient charging of the battery, and improve safety of the battery. According to a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a power supply circuit. The power supply circuit includes: an EIS module, a controller, and a power management module. The EIS module is connected to the controller, the controller is connected to the power management module, and the EIS module is further connected to a battery. The EIS module may detect an internal resistance of the battery and transmit the internal resistance of the battery to the controller. The controller may obtain a charge cutoff voltage and/or a charge cutoff current of the battery according to the internal resistance of the battery, and send a first control signal to the power management module. The first control signal includes the charge cutoff voltage and/or the charge cutoff current. The power management module may control the charge cutoff voltage and/or the charge cutoff current of the battery according to the first control signal. In this way, based on the internal resistance of the battery, an aging degree of the battery is represented and adjusted, to reduce a case in which a charging policy does not match the aging degree of the battery, so as to reduce phenomena such as heat generation, bulging, and insufficient charging of the battery, and improve safety of the battery. Optionally, the EIS module includes: a detection unit and a control unit. An input end of the detection unit is connected to a first end of the control unit, and an output end of the detection unit is connected to a second end of the control unit. The control unit may control, through the first end, the detection unit to output a plurality of disturbance signals to the battery, where frequencies of the plurality of disturbance signals are different. The detection unit detects a plurality of voltage signals output by the battery under the plurality of disturbance signals, and converts the plurality of voltage signals into a plurality of digital signals. The detection unit transmits the plurality of digital signals to the control unit through the second end. After obtaining the plurality of digital signals, the control unit obtains the internal resistance of the battery based on the plurality of digital signals. In this way, the EIS module may apply disturbance signals of different frequencies to the battery and obtain, through measurement, voltage changes of the battery under the disturbance signals, to obtain impedances of the battery at different frequencies, so as to obtain the internal resistance of the battery. Optionally, the disturbance signal includes: a square wave or a quasi-square wave. In this way, an implementation of a square wave signal or a quasi-square wave signal is simple and the square wave signal or the quasi-square wave signal is easy to obtain. Optionally, the detection unit includes: a first resistor, a switch tube Q1, a first differential amplifier, and an analog to digital converter. One end of the first resistor is connected to a positive electrode of the battery, the other end of the first resistor is connected to a first electrode of the switch tube Q1, and a second electrode of the switch tube Q1 is grounded. A first input end of the first differential amplifier is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, a second input end of the first differential amplifier is connected to a negati