US-20260128635-A1 - POWERTRAIN ARRANGED ALONG POWER FLOW, AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE

US20260128635A1US 20260128635 A1US20260128635 A1US 20260128635A1US-20260128635-A1

Abstract

A powertrain including an integrated housing, a motor, and a motor controller. The integrated housing includes a motor accommodating cavity, a controller accommodating cavity, a direct-current input interface mounting hole, and an alternating-current output interface mounting hole. The motor includes a motor shaft and a motor winding. The alternating-current output interface mounting hole and a wiring terminal of a winding of the motor are arranged on one side along a first direction. The direct-current input interface mounting hole and an output end of a shaft of the motor are arranged on the other side along the first direction. A projection of the direct-current input interface mounting hole, a projection of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, and a projection of the motor shaft do not overlap along a third direction. The powertrain in this application has a compact layout to implement miniaturization.

Inventors

Feng Gao
Zhihai Xu
Na DU

Assignees

Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260507
Application Date: 20251229

Claims (20)

1 . A powertrain, comprising: an integrated housing, a motor, a motor controller, wherein the integrated housing comprises a motor accommodating cavity, a controller accommodating cavity, a direct-current input interface mounting hole, and an alternating-current output interface mounting hole, wherein the motor comprises a motor shaft and a motor winding, wherein the direct-current input interface mounting hole and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are arranged relative to each other along a first direction, wherein the alternating-current output interface mounting hole and a wiring terminal of the motor winding are arranged on one side along the first direction, wherein the direct-current input interface mounting hole and an output end of the motor shaft are arranged on the other side along the first direction, wherein a projection of the controller accommodating cavity partially overlaps a projection of the motor accommodating cavity along a second direction, wherein projections of the direct-current input interface mounting hole, the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, and the motor shaft do not overlap along a third direction, and wherein each of the first, second, and third directions is perpendicular to the other two directions.
2 . The powertrain according to claim 1 , wherein the motor controller comprises a capacitor module, a power module, and a copper bar assembly, and wherein the controller accommodating cavity is configured to accommodate the capacitor module, the power module, and the copper bar assembly, wherein the capacitor module and the power module are stacked along the second direction, wherein the copper bar assembly and the power module are adjacently arranged along the third direction, and wherein a distance between the power module and the motor shaft is greater than a distance between the copper bar assembly and the motor shaft along a radial direction of the motor.
3 . The powertrain according to claim 2 , wherein the motor controller further comprises a circuit board, and the circuit board is electrically connected to the power module, wherein the circuit board, the capacitor module, and the power module are stacked along the second direction, wherein a projection of any one of the capacitor module, the power module, and the circuit board does not overlap the copper bar assembly, wherein a projection of the motor shaft does not overlap the projection of any one of the capacitor module, the power module, and the circuit board, wherein the projection of the motor shaft does not overlap a projection of any one of the capacitor module, the power module, and the circuit board along the third direction, wherein the controller accommodating cavity at least partially overlaps the motor accommodating cavity along the third direction, and wherein a length of an overlapping part between the controller accommodating cavity and the motor accommodating cavity in the third direction is less than an outside diameter of stator of the motor.
4 . The powertrain according to claim 2 , wherein the direct-current input interface mounting hole is configured to fasten a direct-current input interface, wherein the direct-current input interface is configured to electrically connect to a power battery, wherein the power module comprises a plurality of bridge arm components configured to form an inverter circuit to convert a direct current into an alternating current, wherein each of the plurality of bridge arm components is sequentially and adjacently arranged along the first direction, wherein the projections of the plurality of bridge arm components do not overlap a projection of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, wherein the projections of the plurality of bridge arm components overlap a projection of the direct-current input interface mounting hole, and wherein a projection of the capacitor module covers projections of the plurality of bridge arm components along the second direction.
5 . The powertrain according to claim 4 , wherein the power module further comprises three bridge arm components, two ends of the three bridge arm components are respectively configured to electrically connect to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the direct-current input interface through two first connecting pieces, a bridge arm midpoint of each bridge arm component is configured to connect to the copper bar assembly through a second connecting piece, and the three bridge arm components output three phases of alternating currents to the copper bar assembly through three second connecting pieces; wherein the two first connecting pieces are spaced and arranged in the controller accommodating cavity along the first direction, and projections of the two first connecting pieces at least partially overlap the projection of the direct-current input interface mounting hole along the first direction, and wherein the three second connecting pieces are spaced and arranged in the controller accommodating cavity along the first direction, and projections of the three second connecting pieces at least partially overlap the projection of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole along the first direction.
6 . The powertrain according to claim 1 , wherein the integrated housing further comprises a power interface mounting hole, wherein the power interface mounting hole and the direct-current input interface mounting hole are arranged relative to each other along the first direction, and the power interface mounting hole, the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, and the wiring terminal of the motor winding are arranged on the side along the first direction, and wherein the power interface mounting hole and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are adjacently arranged along the third direction.
7 . The powertrain according to claim 6 , wherein the power interface mounting hole is configured to fasten a power interface configured to electrically connect to an external power supply, and wherein the power interface mounting hole penetrates the integrated housing along the first direction and communicates with the controller accommodating cavity, wherein a distance between the alternating-current output interface mounting hole and the motor shaft is greater than a distance between the power interface mounting hole and the motor shaft along radial direction of the motor.
8 . The powertrain according to claim 2 , wherein the alternating-current output interface mounting hole is configured to fasten an alternating-current output interface, and wherein the alternating-current output interface is configured to electrically connect to the wiring terminal of the motor winding through an input copper bar, wherein the input copper bar, the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, and the wiring terminal of the motor winding are arranged on the side along the first direction, and wherein a length direction of the input copper bar intersects the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction.
9 . The powertrain according to claim 8 , wherein the alternating-current output interface comprises three wiring ports electrically connected through three input copper bars to the wiring terminal of the motor winding, respectively, wherein the three input copper bars are spaced and arranged, and an arrangement direction of the three input copper bars intersects both the first direction and the second direction.
10 . The powertrain according claim 1 , further comprising a reducer connected to the output end of the motor shaft in a transmission manner, and wherein the reducer and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are arranged relative to each other along the first direction, and wherein the reducer and the direct-current input interface mounting hole are arranged on the other side along the first direction.
11 . The powertrain according to claim 10 , wherein the integrated housing further comprises a reducer accommodating cavity configured to accommodate the reducer, wherein the reducer accommodating cavity communicates with the motor accommodating cavity, and the controller accommodating cavity, the motor accommodating cavity, and the reducer accommodating cavity each comprises an opening, an orientation of the opening of the motor accommodating cavity is opposite to an orientation of the opening of the reducer accommodating cavity along the first direction, and a length of the opening of the controller accommodating cavity is less than a sum of lengths of the reducer accommodating cavity and the motor accommodating cavity, and wherein an orientation of the opening of the controller accommodating cavity is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction.
12 . The powertrain according to claim 11 , further comprising a motor end cover, a reducer end cover, and a motor controller cover, wherein the motor end cover, the reducer end cover, and the motor controller cover are configured to cover the opening of the controller accommodating cavity, the opening of the motor accommodating cavity, and the opening of the reducer accommodating cavity, respectively, and wherein a length of the motor controller cover is less than a distance between the motor end cover and the reducer end cover along the first direction, and a length of the controller accommodating cavity is less than a distance between the motor end cover and the reducer end cover.
13 . The powertrain according to claim 11 , further comprising a wiring cover, and wherein the wiring cover and the reducer end cover are arranged relative to each other along the first direction, wherein the motor end cover is arranged between the motor stator and the wiring cover, wherein the input copper bar is accommodated between the wiring cover and the motor end cover through a gap, and a projection of the wiring cover covers projections of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, the three input copper bars, the wiring terminal of the motor winding, and the motor shaft.
14 . The powertrain according to claim 1 , wherein the integrated housing further comprises a coolant inlet configured to provide a coolant for the motor controller, and a coolant outlet configured to output the coolant, wherein the coolant inlet, the power interface mounting hole, and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are arranged on the side along the first direction, wherein the coolant inlet and the power interface mounting hole are adjacently arranged along the second direction, and wherein a projection of the coolant outlet overlaps a projection of the controller accommodating cavity and does not overlap the projection of the motor shaft along the third direction.
15 . An electric vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body, a battery pack, a powertrain fastened to the vehicle body, wherein the battery pack is connected to the motor controller through a direct-current input interface mounting hole, wherein a wheel drive terminal in the powertrain is connected to a wheel of the vehicle in a transmission manner and is configured to provide power for the wheel, wherein the powertrain comprises an integrated housing, a motor, and a motor controller, the integrated housing comprises a motor accommodating cavity, a controller accommodating cavity, a direct-current input interface mounting hole, and an alternating-current output interface mounting hole, and the motor comprises a motor shaft and a motor winding, wherein the direct-current input interface mounting hole and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are arranged relative to each other along a first direction, wherein the alternating-current output interface mounting hole and a wiring terminal of the motor winding are arranged on one side along the first direction, wherein the direct-current input interface mounting hole and an output end of the motor shaft are arranged on the other side along the first direction, wherein a projection of the controller accommodating cavity partially overlaps a projection of the motor accommodating cavity along a second direction, and a projection of the direct-current input interface mounting hole, wherein projections of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole and the motor shaft do not overlap along a third direction, and wherein each of the first, second, and third directions is perpendicular to the other two directions.
16 . The electric vehicle according to claim 15 , wherein the motor controller comprises a capacitor module, a power module, and a copper bar assembly, and wherein the controller accommodating cavity is configured to accommodate the capacitor module, the power module, and the copper bar assembly, wherein the capacitor module and the power module are stacked along the second direction, wherein the copper bar assembly and the power module are adjacently arranged along the third direction, and wherein a distance between the power module and the motor shaft is greater than a distance between the copper bar assembly and the motor shaft along a radial direction of the motor.
17 . The electric vehicle according to claim 16 , wherein the motor controller further comprises a circuit board, and the circuit board is electrically connected to the power module, wherein the circuit board, the capacitor module, and the power module are stacked along the second direction, wherein a projection of any one of the capacitor module, the power module, and the circuit board does not overlap the copper bar assembly, wherein a projection of the motor shaft does not overlap the projection of any one of the capacitor module, the power module, and the circuit board, wherein the projection of the motor shaft does not overlap a projection of any one of the capacitor module, the power module, wherein the circuit board along the third direction, the controller accommodating cavity at least partially overlaps the motor accommodating cavity along the third direction, and wherein a length of an overlapping part between the controller accommodating cavity and the motor accommodating cavity in the third direction is less than an outside diameter of stator of the motor.
18 . The electric vehicle according to claim 16 , wherein the direct-current input interface mounting hole is configured to fasten a direct-current input interface, wherein the direct-current input interface is configured to electrically connect to a power battery, wherein the power module comprises a plurality of bridge arm components configured to form an inverter circuit to convert a direct current into an alternating current, wherein the plurality of bridge arm components is sequentially and adjacently arranged along the first direction, wherein the projections of the plurality of bridge arm components do not overlap a projection of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, wherein the projections of the plurality of bridge arm components overlap a projection of the direct-current input interface mounting hole, and wherein a projection of the capacitor module covers projections of the plurality of bridge arm components along the second direction.
19 . The electric vehicle according to claim 18 , wherein the power module further comprises three bridge arm components, two ends of the three bridge arm components are respectively configured to electrically connect to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the direct-current input interface through two first connecting pieces, a bridge arm midpoint of each bridge arm component is configured to connect to the copper bar assembly through a second connecting piece, and the three bridge arm components output three phases of alternating currents to the copper bar assembly through three second connecting pieces, wherein the two first connecting pieces are spaced and arranged in the controller accommodating cavity along the first direction, and projections of the two first connecting pieces at least partially overlap the projection of the direct-current input interface mounting hole along the first direction, and wherein the three second connecting pieces are spaced and arranged in the controller accommodating cavity along the first direction, and projections of the three second connecting pieces at least partially overlap the projection of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole along the first direction.
20 . The electric vehicle according to claim 15 , wherein the integrated housing further comprises a power interface mounting hole, wherein the power interface mounting hole and the direct-current input interface mounting hole are arranged relative to each other along the first direction, wherein the power interface mounting hole, the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, and the wiring terminal of the motor winding are arranged on the side along the first direction; and wherein the power interface mounting hole and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are adjacently arranged along the third direction.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2023/105297, filed on Jun. 30, 2023, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD The disclosure relates to the field of powertrain technologies, and more specifically, to a powertrain arranged along a power flow, and an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND An existing electric vehicle usually uses an integrated powertrain as a power source. Currently, a motor and a motor controller are usually integrated into a two-in-one powertrain; or a motor, a motor controller, and a reducer are usually integrated into a three-in-one powertrain; or a motor, a motor controller, a reducer, and another component of an electric vehicle are usually integrated into an all-in-one powertrain. To improve overall performance of the electric vehicle, various design requirements such as miniaturization, power density, reliability, heat dissipation performance, and power performance need to be comprehensively considered for the powertrain. Correspondingly, a problem existing in a layout design of components in the powertrain and a structure design of the components not only affects miniaturization or heat dissipation performance of the powertrain, but also affects energy conversion efficiency and therefore reduce power density of the powertrain. In addition, this further affects an energy transmission path, thereby reducing reliability and power performance of the powertrain. SUMMARY The present disclosure provides a powertrain arranged along a power flow, and an electric vehicle. A layout design and a structure design of a plurality of components such as a motor, a motor controller, and a reducer in the powertrain can meet design requirements such as miniaturization, power density, reliability, heat dissipation performance, and power performance of the powertrain, thereby improving overall performance of the electric vehicle. According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the disclosure provides a powertrain arranged along a power flow. The powertrain includes an integrated housing, a motor, and a motor controller. The integrated housing includes a motor accommodating cavity, a controller accommodating cavity, a direct-current input interface mounting hole, and an alternating-current output interface mounting hole. The motor includes a motor shaft and a motor winding. The direct-current input interface mounting hole and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are arranged relative to each other along a first direction. The alternating-current output interface mounting hole and a wiring terminal of the motor winding are arranged on one side along the first direction. The direct-current input interface mounting hole and an output end of the motor shaft are arranged on the other side along the first direction. A projection of the controller accommodating cavity partially overlaps a projection of the motor accommodating cavity along a second direction. A projection of the direct-current input interface mounting hole, a projection of the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, and a projection of the motor shaft do not overlap along a third direction. Any two of the first direction, the second direction, and third direction are perpendicular to each other. In the powertrain provided in this embodiment of the disclosure, the integrated housing is configured to accommodate the motor and the motor controller. In comparison with a split powertrain, integration of the powertrain can be improved. In this way, space utilization of the powertrain is increased, and costs are reduced. In addition, in the integrated housing of the powertrain provided in this embodiment of the disclosure, the controller accommodating cavity and the motor accommodating cavity are arranged in the second direction, and the controller accommodating cavity and the motor accommodating cavity partially overlap in the third direction, to help reduce space occupied by the powertrain in the second direction. In this embodiment of the disclosure, energy transmission sequentially passes through the direct-current input interface mounting hole, the motor controller, the alternating-current output interface mounting hole, the wiring terminal of the motor winding, and the output end of the motor shaft. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the direct-current input interface mounting hole and the alternating-current output interface mounting hole are provided relative to each other along the first direction, and are respectively located at two ends of the controller accommodating cavity along the first direction. A component configured to transmit a direct current to the motor controller is mounted in the direct-current input interface mounting hole and extends to an inner side of the controller accommodating cavity. In other words, the motor controller is electrically connected to a battery pack throug