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US-20260128825-A1 - ENHANCED SUBCARRIER SPACING AND PHYSICAL LAYER PROTOCOL DATA UNIT FORMAT DESIGN FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

US20260128825A1US 20260128825 A1US20260128825 A1US 20260128825A1US-20260128825-A1

Abstract

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to the subcarrier spacing and format of a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) in the millimeter wave frequency band. A device may generate a short training field (STF) of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) for a bandwidth of 160 MHz, 320 MHz, 640 MHz, or 1280 MHz in a 70 GHz frequency band; generate a long training field (LTF) and universal signature (U-SIG) field of the PPDU by applying a 128-tone plan of a very high throughput (VHT) PPDU to each 160 MHz or by applying a 256-tone plan of an extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDU to each 320 MHz; generate a data field of the PPDU by applying a subcarrier spacing of 1.25 MHz to the data field; and send the PPDU using the 70 GHz frequency band.

Inventors

  • Juan Fang
  • Hila Ben Artzi
  • Uri Perlmutter
  • Chen KOJOKARO
  • Oren Ezra Avraham
  • Carlos Cordeiro
  • Prasanna Desai
  • Danny Alexander
  • Ratnesh Kumbhkar
  • Qinghua Li
  • Laurent Cariou
  • Cheng Chen
  • Ehud Reshef
  • Yoav Eisenberg
  • Assaf Gurevitz

Assignees

  • Juan Fang
  • Danny Alexander
  • Ratnesh Kumbhkar
  • Qinghua Li
  • Laurent Cariou
  • Cheng Chen
  • Ehud Reshef
  • Yoav Eisenberg
  • Assaf Gurevitz
  • Hila Ben Artzi
  • Uri Perlmutter
  • Chen KOJOKARO
  • Oren Ezra Avraham
  • Carlos Cordeiro
  • Prasanna Desai

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20251219

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A device comprising processing circuitry coupled to storage, the processing circuitry configured to: generate a short training field (STF) of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) for a bandwidth of 160 MHz, 320 MHz, 640 MHz, or 1280 MHz in a 70 GHz frequency band by populating a non-zero STF sequence every eighth tone over 128 tones for each 160 MHz and applying a phase rotation per 160 MHz; generate a long training field (LTF) and universal signature (U-SIG) field of the PPDU by applying a 128-tone plan of a very high throughput (VHT) PPDU to each 160 MHz or by applying a 256-tone plan of an extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDU to each 320 MHz when the bandwidth is at least 320 MHz, and by adding a guard interval at the beginning of the LTF field and at the beginning of each U-SIG orthogonal frequency domain modulation (OFDM) symbol; generate a data field of the PPDU by applying a subcarrier spacing of 1.25 MHz to the data field; and cause to send the PPDU using the 70 GHz frequency band.
  2. 2 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the subcarrier spacing of 1.25 MHz is applied to the STF, to the LTF, and to the U-SIG field.
  3. 3 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the bandwidth is 320 MHz comprising a first 160 MHz portion and a second 160 MHz portion across which the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated by applying the 128-tone plan across each of the 160 MHz portions.
  4. 4 . The device of claim 3 , wherein the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated over two 52-tone resource units.
  5. 5 . The device of claim 3 , wherein the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated over four 26-tone resource units.
  6. 6 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the bandwidth is 640 MHz comprising a first 320 MHz portion and a second 320 MHz portion across which the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated by applying the 256-tone plan across each of the 320 MHz portions.
  7. 7 . The device of claim 6 , wherein the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated over two 106-tone resource units.
  8. 8 . The device of claim 6 , wherein the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated over four 52-tone resource units.
  9. 9 . The device of claim 1 , wherein a duration of the STF is four microseconds or eight microseconds.
  10. 10 . The device of claim 1 , wherein a periodicity of the STF is 0.1 microseconds for 40 or 80 periods.
  11. 11 . The device of claim 1 , further comprising a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals comprising the PPDU.
  12. 12 . The device of claim 11 , further comprising an antenna coupled to the transceiver to cause to send the PPDU.
  13. 13 . A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions which when executed by one or more processors of a device result in performing operations comprising: generating a short training field (STF) of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) for a bandwidth of 160 MHz, 320 MHz, 640 MHz, or 1280 MHz in a 70 GHz frequency band by populating a non-zero STF sequence every eighth tone over 128 tones for each 160 MHz and applying a phase rotation every 160 MHz; generating a long training field (LTF) and universal signature (U-SIG) field of the PPDU by applying a 128-tone plan of a very high throughput (VHT) PPDU to each 160 MHz or by applying a 256-tone plan of an extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDU to each 320 MHz when the bandwidth is at least 320 MHz, and by adding a guard interval at the beginning of the LTF field and at the beginning of each U-SIG orthogonal frequency domain modulation (OFDM) symbol; generating a data field of the PPDU by applying a subcarrier spacing of 1.25 MHz to the data field; and causing to send the PPDU using the 70 GHz frequency band.
  14. 14 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13 , wherein the subcarrier spacing of 1.25 MHz is applied to the STF, to the LTF, and to the U-SIG field.
  15. 15 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13 , wherein the bandwidth is 320 MHz comprising a first 160 MHz portion and a second 160 MHz portion across which the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated by applying the 128-tone plan across each of the 160 MHz portions.
  16. 16 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated over two 52-tone resource units.
  17. 17 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated over four 26-tone resource units.
  18. 18 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13 , wherein the bandwidth is 320 or 640 MHz comprising a first 320 MHz portion or and a second 320 MHz portion across which the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated by applying the 256-tone plan across each of the 320 MHz portions.
  19. 19 . The device of claim 18 , wherein the LTF and the U-SIG field are duplicated over two 106-tone resource units or are duplicated over four 52-tone or nine 26-tone resource units.
  20. 20 . A method comprising: generating, by processing circuitry of a device, a short training field (STF) of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) for a bandwidth of 160 MHz, 320 MHz, 640 MHz, or 1280 MHz in a 70 GHz frequency band by populating a non-zero STF sequence every eighth tone over 128 tones for each 160 MHz and using a phase rotation per 160 MHz; generating, by the processing circuitry, a long training field (LTF) and universal signature (U-SIG) field of the PPDU by applying a 128-tone plan of a very high throughput (VHT) PPDU to each 160 MHz or by applying a 256-tone plan of an extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDU to each 320 MHz when the bandwidth is at least 320 MHz, and by adding a guard interval at the beginning of the LTF field and at the beginning of each U-SIG orthogonal frequency domain modulation (OFDM) symbol; generating, by the processing circuitry, a data field of the PPDU by applying a subcarrier spacing of 1.25 MHz to the data field with an extremely high throughput (EHT) data tone plan; and causing to send, by the processing circuitry, the PPDU using the 70 GHz frequency band.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION(S) This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/889,857, filed Oct. 15, 2025, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference as if set forth in full. TECHNICAL FIELD This disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for wireless communications and, more particularly, to subcarrier spacing and format design for a physical layer protocol data unit. BACKGROUND Wireless devices are becoming more prevalent, necessitating efficient access to wireless channels. Standards are evolving to enhance connectivity, integrating advanced technologies in modern networks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a network diagram illustrating an example network environment, according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 shows an example physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format when 1.25 MHz subcarrier spacing (SCS) is used for the PPDU transmission, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 shows an example PPDU format when 1.25 MHz SCS is used for the PPDU transmission, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of an example process for using a PPDU in a millimeter wave frequency band, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 illustrates a functional diagram of an exemplary communication station that may be suitable for use as a user device, in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example machine upon which any of one or more techniques (e.g., methods) may be performed, in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a radio architecture in accordance with some examples. FIG. 8 illustrates an example front-end module circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG. 7, in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 illustrates an example radio IC circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG. 7, in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 10 illustrates an example baseband processing circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG. 7, in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical, process, algorithm, and other changes. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in, or substituted for, those of other embodiments. Embodiments set forth in the claims encompass all available equivalents of those claims. The IEEE 802.11 standards define Wi-Fi communications, including for various types of wireless transmissions such as physical layer (PHY) protocol data units (PPDUs) and their subcarrier locations and spacing. The IEEE 802.11bq standard will integrate the millimeter wave (e.g., 60 GHz band) into the 802.11 standards. PPDUs are defined in previous (e.g., prior to 802.11bq) 802.11 standards for different bandwidth sizes, such as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and 80+80 MHz. The subcarrier placement and spacing for PPDUs depends on the type of PPDU and the bandwidth, for example. In 802.11bq, the PPDU bandwidth may be selected from higher bandwidths such as 160 MHz, 320 MHz, 640 MHz, 1280 MHz, and other bandwidths for data and/or sensing transmissions. The subcarrier spacing for 802.11bq may be selected from 78.125 kHz, 312.5 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, and 2.5 MHz, or other spacing options in consideration of spectral efficiency and performance with the selected spacing and defined phase noise model used in 802.11bq. One simplified implementation may use single subcarrier pacing such as 1.25 MHz, which may be applied to both the preamble and data field of the PPDU. To simplify the implementation of the PPDU in 802.11bq, the existing 802.11ac or 802.11be/bn tone plan may be reused in 802.11bq. Tables 1 and 2 below show the fast Fourier transform (FFT) size for each tone plan, number of data subcarriers, and number of pilots for each bandwidth with different subcarrier spacing options. For the FFT size of less than or equal to 128, the 802.11ac tone plan may be applied. For an FFT size of 256, the tone plan used in 802.11ac and 802.11ax/be/be may be applied. Therefore, 802.11bq may adopt the same 256-tone plan as used in 802.11ac and 802.11ax/be/bn. For an FFT size of 512, 802.11ac and 802.11ax/be/ben have the same number of data tones and pilots, but different tone plans (e.g., location and spacing of tones). To improve efficiency with a large guard band, the 802.11ax/be/bn 512-tone plan may be used for the 802.11bq 512 FFT size. The 802.11ac 512-tone plan may be used for 802.11bq for simplifi