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US-20260130086-A1 - ENHANCING LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF VAPOR-DEPOSITED PEROVSKITE FILMS THROUGH VAPOR EXPOSURE

US20260130086A1US 20260130086 A1US20260130086 A1US 20260130086A1US-20260130086-A1

Abstract

A modified perovskite material includes a vapor-deposited material including an ABX 3 metal halide perovskite defining vacancies and a multiplicity of molecules, each coupled to at least one atom in the vapor-deposited perovskite material or filling a vacancy in the vapor-deposited perovskite material. The vapor-deposited perovskite material includes an ABX 3 metal halide perovskite defining vacancies where A and B are cations, X 3 is Cl x Br y I z , and x+y+z=3. Each of x, y, and z is independently greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3.

Inventors

  • Jian Li

Assignees

  • Jian Li

Dates

Publication Date
20260507
Application Date
20251103

Claims (20)

  1. 1 . A modified perovskite material comprising: a vapor-deposited perovskite material comprising an ABX 3 metal halide perovskite defining vacancies, wherein A and B are cations, and X 3 comprises Cl x Br y I z , x+y+z=3, wherein each of x, y, and z is independently greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3; and a multiplicity of molecules, each coupled to at least one atom in the vapor-deposited perovskite material or filling a vacancy in the vapor-deposited perovskite material.
  2. 2 . The modified perovskite material of claim 1 , wherein A comprises Cs or tetraalkyl ammonium.
  3. 3 . The modified perovskite material of claim 2 , wherein each alkyl of the tetraalkyl ammonium is independently selected from alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms.
  4. 4 . The modified perovskite material of claim 1 , wherein B comprises Pb or Sn.
  5. 5 . The modified perovskite material of claim 1 , wherein the multiplicity of molecules comprise H 2 O or O 2 .
  6. 6 . The modified perovskite material of claim 1 , wherein the multiplicity of molecules comprise organic ligands selected from monodentate ligands, bidentate ligands, and tridentate ligands and their analogs.
  7. 7 . The modified perovskite material of claim 6 , wherein each organic ligand of the multiplicity of molecules comprises one or more functional groups independently selected from oxo, hydroxyl, thiol, nitro, cyanide, isocyanide, sulfinyl, mercapto, sulfo, carboxyl, hydrazine, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, monoarylamino, diarylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, haloalkyl, ester, amide, alkoxycarbonyl, acylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, sulfonylamino, sulfamoyl, carbamoyl, alkylthio, ureido, phosphoramide, or silyl functional groups, or any conjugate or combination thereof.
  8. 8 . The modified perovskite material of claim 6 , wherein the monodentate ligands comprise n-butanol.
  9. 9 . The modified perovskite material of claim 6 , wherein the bidentate ligands comprise diacetone alcohol.
  10. 10 . The modified perovskite material of claim 1 , wherein the modified perovskite material comprises up to 2 wt % or up to 5 wt % of the multiplicity of molecules.
  11. 11 . The modified perovskite material of claim 1 , wherein the ABX 3 metal halide perovskite is doped with A site replacements, B site replacements, or both.
  12. 12 . The modified perovskite material of claim 11 , wherein the A site replacements comprise Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + , Cs + , and their monoionic analogs, or any combination thereof and wherein the B site replacements comprise Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , and their bivalent analogs, or any combination thereof.
  13. 13 . The modified perovskite material of claim 1 , wherein an intensity of a photoluminescence peak of the modified perovskite material exceeds an intensity of a photoluminescence peak of the vapor deposited perovskite material by at least a factor of five.
  14. 14 . A method of fabricating the modified perovskite material of claim 1 , the method comprising: vapor depositing a perovskite precursor on a substrate to yield the vapor-deposited perovskite material, wherein the vapor-deposited perovskite material comprises an ABX 3 metal halide perovskite defining vacancies, wherein A and B are cations, and X 3 comprises Cl x Br y I z , and x+y+z=3, wherein each of x, y, and z is independently greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3; contacting the vapor-deposited perovskite material with a vapor comprising a multiplicity of molecules; and coupling molecules of the multiplicity of molecules to at least one atom in the vapor-deposited perovskite material, filling vacancies in the vapor-deposited perovskite material with molecules of the multiplicity of molecules, or both.
  15. 15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein A comprises Cs or tetraalkyl ammonium.
  16. 16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein each alkyl of the tetraalkyl ammonium is independently selected from alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms.
  17. 17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein B comprises Pb or Sn.
  18. 18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein contacting comprises exposing the vapor-deposited perovskite material with the vapor for at least two minutes.
  19. 19 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the multiplicity of molecules comprise H 2 O or O 2 .
  20. 20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the multiplicity of molecules comprise organic ligands selected from monodentate ligands, bidentate ligands, and tridentate ligands and their analogs.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 63/715,416 filed on Nov. 1, 2024, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT This invention was made with government support under 2329871 awarded by the National Science Foundation. The government has certain rights in the invention. TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to metal halide perovskite films enhanced through exposure to solvent vapor or air, and to their use as color conversion material. BACKGROUND Defects in metal halide perovskites, ranging from intrinsic point defects to surface imperfections introduced during the fabrication process, limit their photoluminescence (PL) efficiency and stability. Passivation of imperfections can lead to improved efficiency and stability. SUMMARY This disclosure describes metal halide ABX3 perovskite materials based on (CsPbClxBryIz; x+y+z=3) as source material for spectrally stable color conversion films. Optical properties of perovskite films are enhanced through controlled exposure to vapor. Vacancy defects are filled with vapor molecules through chemical bonding between perovskite ions and coordinating functional groups or atoms of the vapor compounds. A blue organic light-emitting diode (OLED)-based full color display that incorporates the vapor-deposited perovskite is also described. In a first general aspect, a modified perovskite material includes a vapor-deposited perovskite material including an ABX3 metal halide perovskite defining vacancies, wherein A and B are cations, X3 is ClxBryIz, and x+y+z=3, wherein each of x, y, and z is independently greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3; and a multiplicity of molecules, each coupled to at least one atom in the vapor-deposited perovskite material or filling a vacancy in the vapor-deposited perovskite material. Implementations of the first general aspect can include one or more of the following features. In some cases, A is cesium (Cs) or tetraalkyl ammonium. Each alkyl of the tetraalkyl ammonium can be independently selected from alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms. In some cases, B is lead (Pb) or tin (Sn). In some implementations, the multiplicity of molecules include H2O or O2. In certain cases, the multiplicity of molecules include organic ligands selected from monodentate ligands, bidentate ligands, and tridentate ligands and their analogs. Each organic ligand of the multiplicity of molecules can include one or more functional groups independently selected from oxo, hydroxyl, thiol, nitro, cyanide, isocyanide, sulfinyl, mercapto, sulfo, carboxyl, hydrazine, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, monoarylamino, diarylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, haloalkyl, ester, amide, alkoxycarbonyl, acylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, sulfonylamino, sulfamoyl, carbamoyl, alkylthio, ureido, phosphoramide, or silyl functional groups, or any conjugate or combination thereof. In some cases, the monodentate ligands include n-butanol. In some implementations, the bidentate ligands include diacetone alcohol. In some cases, the modified perovskite material includes up to 2 wt % or up to 5 wt % of the multiplicity of molecules. In certain cases, the ABX3 metal halide perovskite is doped with A site replacements, B site replacements, or both. The A site replacements can include Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, and their monoionic analogs, or any combination thereof and the B site replacements can include Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and their bivalent analogs, or any combination thereof. An intensity of a photoluminescence peak of the modified perovskite material can exceed an intensity of a photoluminescence peak of the vapor deposited perovskite material by at least a factor of five. In a second general aspect, fabricating the modified perovskite material of the first general aspect includes vapor depositing a perovskite precursor on a substrate to yield the vapor-deposited perovskite material, wherein the vapor-deposited perovskite material includes an ABX3 metal halide perovskite defining vacancies, wherein A and B are cations, X3 is ClxBryIz, and x+y+z=3, wherein each of x, y, and z is independently greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3, contacting the vapor-deposited perovskite material with a vapor including a multiplicity of molecules; and coupling molecules of the multiplicity of molecules to at least one atom in the vapor-deposited perovskite material, filling vacancies in the vapor-deposited perovskite material with molecules of the multiplicity of molecules, or both. Implementations of the second general aspect can include one or more of the following features. In some cases, A is Cs or tetraalkyl ammonium. Each alkyl of the tetraalkyl ammonium can be independently selected from alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms. In some cases, B is Pb or Sn. In some implementations, contacting includes exposing the vapor-deposited p